September 20, 2022 Issue of JAMA

September 20, 2022, Vol 328, No. 11, Pages 1001-1152

This Week in JAMA

Audio Highlights

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;328(11):e2117134. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.17134

Podcast: Tocilizumab for Polymyalgia Rheumatica, Helmet Noninvasive Ventilation for Severe COVID-19, Roflumilast Cream for Chronic Plaque Psoriasis, and more

Original Investigation

Effect of Helmet Noninvasive Ventilation vs Usual Respiratory Support on Mortality Among Patients With Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure Due to COVID-19: The HELMET-COVID Randomized Clinical Trial

Yaseen M. Arabi, MD; Sara Aldekhyl, MD; Saad Al Qahtani, MD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;328(11):1063-1072. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.15599

This randomized clinical trial evaluates whether helmet noninvasive ventilation compared with usual respiratory support reduces mortality in patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure due to COVID-19 pneumonia.

Effect of Roflumilast Cream vs Vehicle Cream on Chronic Plaque Psoriasis: The DERMIS-1 and DERMIS-2 Randomized Clinical Trials

Mark G. Lebwohl, MD; Leon H. Kircik, MD; Angela Y. Moore, MD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;328(11):1073-1084. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.15632

These randomized clinical trials assess the effect of roflumilast cream, 0.3%, compared with vehicle cream on clinical status at 8 weeks among patients with chronic plaque psoriasis.

Editorial
Roflumilast for Chronic Plaque Psoriasis
Kelly M. Cordoro, MD

JAMA

Preliminary Communication

Effect of Tocilizumab on Disease Activity in Patients With Active Polymyalgia Rheumatica Receiving Glucocorticoid Therapy: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Valérie Devauchelle-Pensec, MD, PhD; Guillermo Carvajal-Alegria, MD; Emmanuelle Dernis, MD, MSc; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;328(11):1053-1062. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.15459

This randomized clinical trial compares the effect of intravenous infusions of tocilizumab vs placebo on patients with polymyalgia rheumatica who were receiving glucocorticoid therapy.

Video: Video Editor's Note: Tocilizumab and Disease Activity in Patients With Polymyalgia Rheumatica Receiving Glucocorticoid Therapy

Editorial
Tocilizumab as a Novel Therapy for Steroid-Dependent Polymyalgia Rheumatica
Brendan Antiochos, MD

JAMA
- Video: Video Editor's Note: Tocilizumab and Disease Activity in Patients With Polymyalgia Rheumatica Receiving Glucocorticoid Therapy

Research Letter

Five-Year Allograft Survival for Recipients of Kidney Transplants From Hepatitis C Virus Infected vs Uninfected Deceased Donors in the Direct-Acting Antiviral Therapy Era

Douglas E. Schaubel, PhD; Amelia H. Tran, BA; Peter L. Abt, MD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;328(11):1102-1104. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.12868

This cohort study examines the validity of the Kidney Donor Profile Index鈥檚 hepatitis C virus (HCV) penalty during the direct-acting antiviral era by comparing 5-year allograft survival between recipients of kidneys from HCV-RNA鈥損ositive donors vs HCV-RNA鈥搉egative donors.

Development of Resistance-Associated Mutations After Sotrovimab Administration in High-risk Individuals Infected With the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant

Emma Birnie, MD, PhD; Jason J. Biemond, MD; Brent Appelman, MD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;328(11):1104-1107. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.13854

This study investigates whether resistance-associated mutations develop after treatment with sotrovimab in high-risk patients infected with the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant.

Special Communication

The US Medicaid Program: Coverage, Financing, Reforms, and Implications for Health Equity

Julie M. Donohue, PhD; Evan S. Cole, PhD; Cara V. James, PhD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;328(11):1085-1099. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.14791

This Special Communication describes Medicaid eligibility, enrollment, and spending as well as examines areas of Medicaid policy, Medicaid expansion, racial and ethnic health disparities, and the potential to achieve health equity.

Editorial
Medicaid as a Driver of Health Equity
Alice Hm Chen, MD, MPH; Mark A. Ghaly, MD, MPH

JAMA

Viewpoint

Diagnostic Excellence

The Future of Diagnostic Excellence

Harvey V. Fineberg, MD, PhD; Susan Song, MPH; Tommy Wang, PhD

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JAMA. 2022;328(11):1039-1040. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.12205

This Viewpoint concludes the series on diagnostic excellence and explores the future of diagnostics that emphasize prediction of future health state rather than identification of current disease.

Video: Achieving Diagnostic Excellence

New Reforms to Prescription Drug Pricing in the US: Opportunities and Challenges

Thomas J. Hwang, MD; Aaron S. Kesselheim, MD, JD, MPH; Benjamin N. Rome, MD, MPH

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;328(11):1041-1042. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.15268

This Viewpoint describes the provisions and limitations of prescription drug pricing reforms enacted by US Congress as part of the Inflation Reduction Act in August 2022.

Podcast: Prescription Drug Cost Provisions of the Inflation Reduction Act

The FDA and the Clinical Community

Robert M. Califf, MD

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;328(11):1043-1044. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.15243

This Viewpoint from FDA Commissioner Robert Califf, MD, emphasizes the agency鈥檚 overarching priorities focused on helping to create a system that benefits from abundant high-quality evidence in a transparent environment.

A Piece of My Mind

The Shortest Stories and the Power of Parental Presence

Andrew Tagg, MBBS

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2022;328(11):1045-1046. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.15544

In this narrative medicine essay, a pediatrician describes his lingering questions about the care his daughter received during her very brief life while he was barred from operating room and compares it to being present when another daughter experienced a stressful birth.

Editorial

Tocilizumab as a Novel Therapy for Steroid-Dependent Polymyalgia Rheumatica

Brendan Antiochos, MD

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;328(11):1047-1048. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.11526

Video: Video Editor's Note: Tocilizumab and Disease Activity in Patients With Polymyalgia Rheumatica Receiving Glucocorticoid Therapy

Roflumilast for Chronic Plaque Psoriasis

Kelly M. Cordoro, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2022;328(11):1049-1050. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.14663

Medicaid as a Driver of Health Equity

Alice Hm Chen, MD, MPH; Mark A. Ghaly, MD, MPH

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2022;328(11):1051-1052. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.14911

JAMA Clinical Challenge

An 18-Year-Old Woman With Recurrent Skin, Nail, and Oral Mucosal Abnormalities

Zhaoyuan Wang, MD, PhD; Xiaoyong Man, MD, PhD

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;328(11):1100-1101. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.14460

An 18-year-old woman had a 14-year history of recurrent skin, nail, and oral mucosal abnormalities, treated with 3- to 6-month courses of itraconazole; the abnormalities typically recurred within 6 to 12 months of discontinuing itraconazole. Skin scrapings from the lower extremities demonstrated fungal elements; fungal culture of the skin scrapings grew Candida albicans. What is the diagnosis and what would you do next?

Medical News & Perspectives

What All Physicians Need to Know About the Polio Resurgence in New York State

Howard Larkin

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2022;328(11):1020-1022. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.15171

This Medical News article discusses the first reported instance of polio in the US since 2013.

Reports of Asymptomatic Monkeypox Suggest That, at the Very Least, Some Infections Go Unnoticed

Jennifer Abbasi

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;328(11):1023-1025. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.15426

This Medical News article discusses recent European reports of asymptomatic monkeypox virus infections.

Podcast: September 2022 Medical News Summary

Despite Its Fan Base, Newly Authorized 鈥淭raditional鈥� Novavax COVID-19 Vaccine Is Having Trouble Gaining a Foothold in the US

Rita Rubin, MA

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;328(11):1026-1028. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.13661

This Medical News feature examines whether the newly authorized Novavax COVID-19 vaccine will spur unvaccinated holdouts to finally get immunized.

News From the Food and Drug Administration

New Gene Therapy for 尾-Thalassemia

Rita Rubin, MA

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2022;328(11):1030. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.14709

Some Hearing Aids Will Soon Be Sold Over the Counter

Rita Rubin, MA

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2022;328(11):1030. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.14714

Blood Donors Need Not Be Screened for Monkeypox

Rita Rubin, MA

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;328(11):1030. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.14715

Global Health

Backslide in Global Childhood Vaccinations

Howard D. Larkin

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2022;328(11):1029. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.14708

Transport and Unintentional Injuries Among Adolescents and Young Adults

Howard D. Larkin

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2022;328(11):1029. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.14712

COVID-19 Health Policies and Economies in Nordic Countries

Howard D. Larkin

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;328(11):1029. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.14713

The Arts and Medicine

Theater for Vaccine Hesitancy鈥擲etting the Stage for Difficult Conversations

John P. Cullen, PhD; Savanah Russ, MPH; Holly Ann Russell, MD, MS

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2022;328(11):1018-1019. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.14864

This Arts and Medicine feature describes use of improvisational theater techniques to train health care workers to have persuasive and respectful conversations with vaccine-hesitant patients about accepting COVID-19 vaccination.

Poetry and Medicine

Yes & No

Jillian Barnet, DPT

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2022;328(11):1148. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.12606

JAMA Revisited

Bungles of Documentation

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2022;328(11):1149. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.17135

Appendix

MD-Granting Medical Schools in the US, 2021-2022

Barbara Barzansky, PhD; Sylvia I. Etzel

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;328(11):1112-1122. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.14384

This Appendix presents data derived from the 2021-2022 Liaison Committee on Medical Education Annual Medical School Questionnaire-Part II.

Graduate Medical Education, 2021-2022

Sarah E. Brotherton, PhD; Sylvia I. Etzel

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;328(11):1123-1146. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.13081

This Appendix presents 2021 National GME Census data detailing the numbers and types of ACGME-accredited training programs and the residents and fellows in them.

JAMA Patient Page

Preventive Medication for COVID-19 Infection

Angela G. Malani, MD; Anurag N. Malani, MD

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;328(11):1152. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.13214

This JAMA Patient Page describes the combination medication tixagevimab-cilgavimab, which is used to help prevent COVID-19 infection in people with immunosuppression or who have had a COVID-19 vaccine reaction.

Comment & Response