February 22, 2022 Issue of JAMA

February 22, 2022, Vol 327, No. 8, Pages 703-790

This Week in JAMA

Audio Highlights

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(8):e2116863. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.16863

Podcast: Sublingual Dexmedetomidine for Agitation in Bipolar Disorder, SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Maternal Morbidity and Mortality, Neurological Outcome in Refractory Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest, and more

Original Investigation

Effect of Sublingual Dexmedetomidine vs Placebo on Acute Agitation Associated With Bipolar Disorder: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Sheldon H. Preskorn, MD; Scott Zeller, MD; Leslie Citrome, MD, MPH; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(8):727-736. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.0799

This randomized clinical trial evaluates whether single dose of sublingual dexmedetomidine reduces symptoms of acute agitation associated with bipolar disorder.

Editorial
Sublingual Dexmedetomidine as a Potential New Treatment for Agitation
John K. Hsiao, MD

JAMA

Caring for the Critically Ill Patient

Effect of Intra-arrest Transport, Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation, and Immediate Invasive Assessment and Treatment on Functional Neurologic Outcome in Refractory Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Jan Belohlavek, MD, PhD; Jana Smalcova, MD; Daniel Rob, MD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(8):737-747. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.1025

This randomized clinical trial assesses whether an invasive resuscitation approach (early intra-arrest transport, extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and invasive assessment and treatment), compared with standard advanced cardiac life support, improves survival with neurologically favorable outcomes among adults with refractory out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in Czech Republic.

Association of SARS-CoV-2 Infection With Serious Maternal Morbidity and Mortality From Obstetric Complications

Torri D. Metz, MD, MS; Rebecca G. Clifton, PhD; Brenna L. Hughes, MD, MS; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(8):748-759. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.1190

This cohort study evaluates the association of SARS-CoV-2 infection with serious maternal morbidity or mortality related to hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, postpartum hemorrhage, or infection other than SARS-CoV-2.

Video: COVID-19 Vaccination During Pregnancy: Maternal Protection and Neonatal Immunity

Podcast: COVID-19 and Pregnancy: Disease Outcomes and Prevention With Vaccination

Association of Recent Use of Non鈥揤itamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulants With Intracranial Hemorrhage Among Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke Treated With Alteplase

Wayneho Kam, MD; DaJuanicia N. Holmes, MS; Adrian F. Hernandez, MD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(8):760-771. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.0948

This retrospective cohort study uses data from hospitals participating in the Get With The Guidelines鈥揝troke registry on patients with acute ischemic stroke and compares the safety and functional outcomes of intravenous alteplase among patients who were taking non鈥搗itamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) prior to stroke vs patients who were not taking long-term anticoagulants.

Podcast: Highlights From the International Stroke Conference
Podcast: Thrombolytics and Endovascular Thrombectomy for Acute Ischemic Stroke

Editorial
Intravenous Thrombolytic Therapy for Treatment of Acute Ischemic Stroke in Patients Taking Non鈥揤itamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulants
David J. Seiffge, MD

JAMA

Research Letter

HIV and Hepatitis C Virus Testing and Treatment Services in Specialty Treatment Facilities That Offer Medication for Opioid Use Disorder in the US

Eshan U. Patel, MPH; Becky L. Genberg, PhD; Xianming Zhu, MHS; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(8):776-778. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.0293

This study assesses HIV and hepatitis C testing and treatment availability in US specialty substance use disorder treatment facilities that offered medication for opioid use disorder in 2017-2020, stratified between federally certified Opioid Treatment Programs (OTPs) and non-OTPs.

Viewpoint

The US Supreme Court鈥檚 Rulings on Large Business and Health Care Worker Vaccine Mandates: Ramifications for the COVID-19 Response and the Future of Federal Public Health Protection

Lawrence O. Gostin, JD; Wendy E. Parmet, JD; Sara Rosenbaum, JD

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(8):713-714. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.0852

This Viewpoint examines the recent US Supreme Court rulings on government mandates for COVID-19 vaccination and how these decisions might affect the ongoing pandemic response as well as the future of public health.

Confronting Health Care鈥檚 Climate Crisis Conundrum: The Federal Government as Catalyst for Change

Kenneth W. Kizer, MD, MPH; Kari Christine Nadeau, MD, PhD

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(8):715-716. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.0259

This Viewpoint discusses the role that health care plays in climate change, both as a contributor to harm and as a leader in solutions, via approaches that can be implemented by US federal agencies.

Sharing Clinical Notes: Potential Medical-Legal Benefits and Risks

Charlotte Blease, PhD; I. Glenn Cohen, JD; Sharona Hoffman, JD, LLM, SJD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2022;327(8):717-718. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.23179

This Viewpoint discusses a new federal rule (part of the 21st Century Cures Act) that mandates US clinicians and health organizations make electronic health records more accessible to patients, examines the potential legal benefits and risks of sharing clinical notes, and offers recommendations for ensuring that the new rule advances the interests of both patients and clinicians.

Guidelines for US Hospitals and Clinicians on Assessment of Electronic Health Record Safety Using SAFER Guides

Dean F. Sittig, PhD; Patricia Sengstack, DNP, RN-BC; Hardeep Singh, MD, MPH

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2022;327(8):719-720. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.0085

This Viewpoint summarizes safety assessment guidelines developed by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services to improve patients鈥� safety by optimizing clinicians鈥� use of electronic health record systems.

A Piece of My Mind

Let Them Be Sick

Ashish Sarraju, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2022;327(8):721-722. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.0796

In this narrative medicine essay, a cardiologist resists taking time from his work despite having formidable symptoms from a viral infection and struggles to forgive himself for not being able to serve his patients and for burdening his colleagues while ill.

Editorial

Sublingual Dexmedetomidine as a Potential New Treatment for Agitation

John K. Hsiao, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2022;327(8):723-725. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.21313

Intravenous Thrombolytic Therapy for Treatment of Acute Ischemic Stroke in Patients Taking Non鈥揤itamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulants

David J. Seiffge, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2022;327(8):725-726. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.0068

JAMA Clinical Guidelines Synopsis

Prevention and Treatment of Lyme Disease

Cynthia T. Nguyen, PharmD; Adam S. Cifu, MD; David Pitrak, MD

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(8):772-773. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.25302

This JAMA Clinical Guidelines Synopsis summarizes the prevention and treatment portions of a 2020 practice guideline on Lyme disease.

JAMA Diagnostic Test Interpretation

Hypernatremia

Kamel S. Kamel, MD; Martin Schreiber, MD, MMedEd; Ziv Harel, MD, MSc

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(8):774-775. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.1376

A 36-year-old man received a 0.9% saline infusion as postoperative treatment after a transsphenoidal resection of a pituitary macroadenoma. Within 30 minutes in the recovery room, he developed persistent, large-volume urine output. Blood testing performed 6 hours after the operation showed a sodium value of 148 mEq/L, increased from a baseline level of 138 mEq/L. What would you do next?

Medical News & Perspectives

How the Supreme Court鈥檚 COVID-19 Vaccine Mandate Rulings Could Shape the Pandemic鈥檚 Next Phase

Jennifer Abbasi; Rita Rubin, MA; Melissa Suran, PhD, MSJ

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(8):706-708. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.0791

This Medical News article discusses the Supreme Court鈥檚 recent decision to allow federally mandated COVID-19 vaccinations for health care workers but not the broader US workforce.

News From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Masks Cut Secondary SARS-CoV-2 Infections by Half

Bridget M. Kuehn, MSJ

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(8):711. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.1287

COVID-19 Linked With Increased Incidence of Youth Diabetes

Bridget M. Kuehn, MSJ

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(8):711. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.0936

Clinical Trials Update

Pessary Plus Progesterone Tested in Pregnancies With Short Cervix

Anita Slomski

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2022;327(8):710. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.0407

Bariatric Surgery Approaches Reduce Fatty Liver Disease

Anita Slomski

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2022;327(8):710. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.1532

Extending Rivaroxaban After COVID-19 Hospitalization

Anita Slomski

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(8):710. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.1533

Oral Daprodustat Treats Anemia in Chronic Kidney Disease

Anita Slomski

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2022;327(8):710. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.1534

Health Agencies Update

Racial Disparities in Dementia Diagnoses

Melissa Suran, PhD, MSJ

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2022;327(8):709. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.0979

Substances Added to List of Human Carcinogens

Melissa Suran, PhD, MSJ

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2022;327(8):709. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.1600

Health Care Workforce Expansion for Rural and Tribal Communities

Melissa Suran, PhD, MSJ

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2022;327(8):709. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.1601

Poetry and Medicine

Brain Surgery

Barry Sternlieb

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2022;327(8):785. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.22466

JAMA Revisited

A Court of Decency for Physicians

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2022;327(8):786. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.16864

JAMA Patient Page

COVID-19 and Pregnancy

Kristin Walter, MD, MS

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(8):790. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.22679

This JAMA Patient Page describes characteristics of COVID-19 among pregnant people and vaccination recommendations for people who are pregnant or breastfeeding.