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November 2024 - July 1883

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July 26, 2022, Vol 328, No. 4, Pages 313-404

This Week in JAMA

Audio Highlights

Abstract Full Text
free access online only has audio
JAMA. 2022;328(4):e2117064. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.17064
  • Podcast: Tranexamic Acid in Cardiac Surgery, Aflibercept for Retinopathy of Prematurity, Income and Life Expectancy During the COVID-19 Pandemic, and more
Original Investigation

Effect of High- vs Low-Dose Tranexamic Acid Infusion on Need for Red Blood Cell Transfusion and Adverse Events in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery: The OPTIMAL Randomized Clinical Trial

Jia Shi, MD; Chenghui Zhou, MD; Wei Pan, MD; et al.
Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA. 2022;328(4):336-347. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.10725

This randomized clinical trial assesses the rate of red blood cell transfusion after start of operation as well as a composite safety outcome with use of high-dose vs low-dose tranexamic acid infusion in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass.

Effect of Intravitreal Aflibercept vs Laser Photocoagulation on Treatment Success of Retinopathy of Prematurity: The FIREFLEYE Randomized Clinical Trial

Andreas Stahl, MD; Emine A. Sukgen, MD; Wei-Chi Wu, MD, PhD; et al.
Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA. 2022;328(4):348-359. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.10564

This noninferiority randomized clinical trial compares intravitreal aflibercept with laser photocoagulation in infants with retinopathy of prematurity requiring treatment.

Changes in the Relationship Between Income and Life Expectancy Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic, California, 2015-2021

Hannes Schwandt, PhD; Janet Currie, PhD; Till von Wachter, PhD; et al.
Abstract Full Text
free access has active quiz
JAMA. 2022;328(4):360-366. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.10952

This study examines changes in the income鈥搇ife expectancy gradient between 2015 and 2021, including the period before and during the first 2 years of the pandemic, and how changes differed across racial and ethnic populations.

Research Letter

Access to American College of Surgeons Committee on Trauma鈥揤erified Trauma Centers in the US, 2013-2019

Jeff Choi, MD, MSc; Sarah Karr, MS; Arjun Jain; et al.
Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA. 2022;328(4):391-393. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.8097

This study uses data from the American Trauma Society鈥檚 Trauma Information Exchange Program to evaluate trends in nationwide 60-minute access to American College of Surgeons Committee on Trauma鈥搗erified level I-IV trauma centers between 2013 and 2019.

Recalls, Availability, and Content of Dietary Supplements Following FDA Warning Letters

Pieter A. Cohen, MD; Bharathi Avula, PhD; Kumar Katragunta, PhD; et al.
Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA. 2022;328(4):393-395. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.9734

This study examines the frequency of product recalls and the presence of FDA-prohibited drugs in supplements after FDA warning letters.

US Preventive Services Task Force

Recommendation Statement

Behavioral Counseling Interventions to Promote a Healthy Diet and Physical Activity for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Adults Without Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement

US Preventive Services Task Force
Abstract Full Text
free access has active quiz has audio
JAMA. 2022;328(4):367-374. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.10951

This 2022 Recommendation Statement from the US Preventive Services Task Force recommends that clinicians individualize the decision to offer or refer adults without CVD risk factors to behavioral counseling interventions to promote a healthy diet and physical activity (C recommendation).

  • Podcast: USPSTF Recommendation: Behavioral Counseling Interventions to Promote Healthy Behaviors for CVD Prevention

Evidence Report

Behavioral Counseling Interventions to Promote a Healthy Diet and Physical Activity for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Adults Without Known Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force

Carrie D. Patnode, PhD, MPH; Nadia Redmond, MSPH; Megan O. Iacocca, MS; et al.
Abstract Full Text
free access has active quiz has audio
JAMA. 2022;328(4):375-388. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.7408

This systematic review to support the 2022 US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement on behavioral counseling to promote healthy lifestyle for cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention summarizes published evidence on the benefits and harms of behavioral counseling interventions to improve diet, increase physical activity, and reduce sedentary behavior in adults without known CVD risk factors.

  • Podcast: USPSTF Recommendation: Behavioral Counseling Interventions to Promote Healthy Behaviors for CVD Prevention
Viewpoint

The End of Roe v Wade and New Legal Frontiers on the Constitutional Right to Abortion

I. Glenn Cohen, JD; Melissa Murray, JD; Lawrence O. Gostin, JD
Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA. 2022;328(4):325-326. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.12397

This Viewpoint from several legal experts explains the ruling in Dobbs v Jackson Women鈥檚 Health Organization and what it means for physicians, public health, and society.

The Indian Health Service and the Need for Resources to Implement Graduate Medical Education Programs

Matthew Tobey, MD; Ashley Ott, MD; Mary Owen, MD
Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2022;328(4):327-328. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.10359

This Viewpoint describes potential teaching partnerships and the establishment of graduate medical education programs to address staffing shortages in the Indian Health Service.

Diagnostic Excellence

Rethinking Algorithm Performance Metrics for Artificial Intelligence in Diagnostic Medicine

Matthew A. Reyna, PhD, MS; Elaine O. Nsoesie, PhD; Gari D. Clifford, DPhil, MA, MSc
Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2022;328(4):329-330. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.10561

This JAMA Viewpoint in the Diagnostic Excellence series describes factors and characteristics that are necessary for designing artificial intelligence tools in clinical practice.

A Piece of My Mind

Parenthood: A Bridge of Empathy

Katelyn Dow Stepanyan, MD
Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2022;328(4):331. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.11741

In this narrative medicine essay, a palliative care specialist whose sense of lost identity during her initial weeks of motherhood finds that emerging from her experience engendered a profound empathy for her patients and their families.

Editorial

Treatment of Retinopathy of Prematurity: Moving Forward With Uncertainty

Roger F. Soll, MD
Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2022;328(4):332-333. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.9163

Implications of the New Recommendation on Behavioral Counseling Interventions to Promote Healthy Eating and Physical Activity

Dariush Mozaffarian, MD, DrPH
Abstract Full Text
has audio
JAMA. 2022;328(4):334-335. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.10801
  • Podcast: USPSTF Recommendation: Behavioral Counseling Interventions to Promote Healthy Behaviors for CVD Prevention
JAMA Clinical Guidelines Synopsis

Obesity and Weight Management for Prevention and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes

Cherry Jiang, MD; Adam S. Cifu, MD; Susan Sam, MD
Abstract Full Text
has active quiz
JAMA. 2022;328(4):389-390. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.10338

This JAMA Clinical Guidelines Synopsis summarizes the American Diabetes Association鈥檚 2022 recommendations on obesity and weight management for the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes.

Medical News & Perspectives

Code Blue鈥擶hat to Do When the Shooting Starts

Howard D. Larkin
Abstract Full Text
has audio
JAMA. 2022;328(4):315-317. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.11253

This Medical News article describes how planning and drilling could save lives during an active shooter incident in a health care setting.

  • Podcast: July 2022 Medical News Summary

How Abortion Bans Could Affect Care for Miscarriage and Infertility

Rita Rubin, MA
Abstract Full Text
has audio
JAMA. 2022;328(4):318-320. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.11488

This Medical News feature examines the possible ramification of abortion bans beyond pregnancy termination.

  • Podcast: July 2022 Medical News Summary
News From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Rehospitalization, Emergency Visits After Paxlovid Treatment Are Rare

Bridget M. Kuehn, MSJ
Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA. 2022;328(4):323. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.11942

Persistent Disparities in COVID-19 Antiviral Dispensing

Bridget M. Kuehn, MSJ
Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA. 2022;328(4):323. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.11696
Clinical Trials Update

Tirzepatide Trial Demonstrates Substantial Weight Loss

Anita Slomski
Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2022;328(4):322. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.11895

Evusheld Reduces COVID-19 Disease Severity Among Unvaccinated Adults

Anita Slomski
Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA. 2022;328(4):322. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.12178

Durable IBS Response From Fecal Microbiota Transplant

Anita Slomski
Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2022;328(4):322. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.12179

Emergency Contraception Caution for Women With Obesity

Anita Slomski
Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2022;328(4):322. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.12180
Health Agencies Update

Expanding Monkeypox Testing

Melissa Suran, PhD, MSJ
Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA. 2022;328(4):321. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.11839

Federal Guidance on HIPAA and Audio-Only Telehealth

Melissa Suran, PhD, MSJ
Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2022;328(4):321. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.12317

Some Antioxidants May Mitigate the Risk of Dementias

Melissa Suran, PhD, MSJ
Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2022;328(4):321. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.12318
Poetry and Medicine

My Father Wilts

Ellen Zhang, BA
Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2022;328(4):400. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.8740
JAMA Revisited

Training in Sociology and Public Health an Essential in Medical Education

Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2022;328(4):401. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.17065
JAMA Patient Page

Behavioral Counseling Interventions to Promote a Healthy Diet and Physical Activity to Prevent CVD in Adults Without Risk Factors

Jill Jin, MD, MPH
Abstract Full Text
free access has audio
JAMA. 2022;328(4):404. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.11667

This JAMA Patient Page summarizes the US Preventive Services Task Force鈥檚 recent recommendations on behavioral counseling interventions to promote a healthy diet and physical activity to prevent cardiovascular disease in adults without cardiovascular disease risk factors.

  • Podcast: USPSTF Recommendation: Behavioral Counseling Interventions to Promote Healthy Behaviors for CVD Prevention
Comment & Response

SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant Severity in Ontario, Canada

Guangting Zeng, MM
Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2022;328(4):395. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.9259

SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant Severity in Ontario, Canada鈥擱eply

Ana Cecilia Ulloa, MPH; Sarah A. Buchan, PhD; Kevin A. Brown, PhD
Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2022;328(4):395-396. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.9262

Risk of Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes Among US Individuals With Gestational Diabetes by Race and Ethnicity

Kent Heyborne, MD; Linda Barbour, MD, MPH
Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2022;328(4):396-397. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.9409

Risk of Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes Among US Individuals With Gestational Diabetes by Race and Ethnicity

Alison Gemmill, PhD, MPH; Stephanie A. Leonard, PhD
Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2022;328(4):397. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.9412

Risk of Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes Among US Individuals With Gestational Diabetes by Race and Ethnicity鈥擱eply

Kartik K. Venkatesh, MD, PhD; Courtney D. Lynch, PhD, MPH; William A. Grobman, MD, MBA
Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2022;328(4):397-398. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.9415
JAMA Masthead

JAMA

Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA. 2022;328(4):313-314. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.17062

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