January 11, 2022 Issue of JAMA

January 11, 2022, Vol 327, No. 2, Pages 105-191

This Week in JAMA

Audio Highlights

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(2):e2116802. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.16802

Podcast: Anticoagulation in Patients Younger Than 21 Years of Age, Semaglutide vs Liraglutide and Body Weight, COPD Screening in Low- and Middle-Income Countries, and more

Original Investigation

Effect of Anticoagulant Therapy for 6 Weeks vs 3 Months on Recurrence and Bleeding Events in Patients Younger Than 21 Years of Age With Provoked Venous Thromboembolism: The Kids-DOTT Randomized Clinical Trial

Neil A. Goldenberg, MD, PhD; John M. Kittelson, PhD; Thomas C. Abshire, MD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(2):129-137. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.23182

This randomized clinical trial tests the hypothesis that a 6-week duration of anticoagulant therapy for provoked venous thromboembolism is noninferior to a conventional 3-month therapy duration in patients younger than 21 years of age.

Editorial
Duration of Anticoagulant Treatment for Acute Provoked Venous Thromboembolism in Pediatric Patients
Benoît Mâsse, PhD; Nancy Robitaille, MD; Jacques Lacroix, MD

JAMA

Effect of Weekly Subcutaneous Semaglutide vs Daily Liraglutide on Body Weight in Adults With Overweight or Obesity Without Diabetes: The STEP 8 Randomized Clinical Trial

Domenica M. Rubino, MD; Frank L. Greenway, MD; Usman Khalid, MD, PhD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(2):138-150. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.23619

This clinical trial compares the efficacy and adverse event profiles of once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide, 2.4 mg, vs once-daily subcutaneous liraglutide, 3.0 mg (both with diet and physical activity), in people with overweight or obesity.

Video: Pharmacotherapy for Obesity

Discriminative Accuracy of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Screening Instruments in 3 Low- and Middle-Income Country Settings

Trishul Siddharthan, MD; Suzanne L. Pollard, PhD, MSPH; Shumonta A. Quaderi, MBBS, BSc; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(2):151-160. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.23065

This cross-sectional study assesses the discriminative accuracy of 3 screening instruments in identifying chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Nepal, Peru, and Uganda.

Editorial
Screening for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Unmet Needs and Future Considerations
Barbara P. Yawn, MD, MSc; Nancy K. Leidy, PhD; Fernando Martinez, MD, MS

JAMA

Research Letter

US State-Level Legal Interventions Related to COVID-19 Vaccine Mandates

Breanna Fernandes; Mark Christopher Navin, PhD; Dorit Rubinstein Reiss, PhD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(2):178-179. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.22122

This study assesses state-level legal interventions to promote or impede COVID-19 vaccine mandates in the US since the beginning of the pandemic.

Antibody Response and Variant Cross-Neutralization After SARS-CoV-2 Breakthrough Infection

Timothy A. Bates, BSc; Savannah K. McBride, BSc; Bradie Winders, CNA; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(2):179-181. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.22898

This study of fully vaccinated health care workers examines antibody levels and variant cross-neutralization after COVID-19 breakthrough infection.

Viewpoint

Diagnostic Excellence

Achieving Diagnostic Excellence for Sepsis

Derek C. Angus, MD, MPH; Andrew B. Bindman, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2022;327(2):117-118. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.23916

This Viewpoint discusses the challenges to detecting sepsis in patients early in the disease course and suggests ways to improve the diagnosis and outcomes of sepsis in the inpatient or community setting.

One Year of COVID-19 Vaccines: A Shot of Hope, a Dose of Reality

Amanda C. Cohn, MD; Barbara E. Mahon, MD, MPH; Rochelle P. Walensky, MD, MPH

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(2):119-120. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.23962

This Viewpoint from the CDC reviews how available vaccines have shaped the past year of the COVID-19 pandemic and the challenges that remain.

Video: COVID-19 CDC Update 鈥� Early January 2022

Podcast: COVID-19 CDC Update 鈥� Early January 2022

New State Consumer Protections Against Medical Debt

Christopher T. Robertson, JD, PhD; Mark Rukavina, MBA; Erin C. Fuse Brown, JD, MPH

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2022;327(2):121-122. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.23061

This Viewpoint discusses how US states have tried to protect residents against medical debt and outlines where gaps remain, including the income thresholds set for financial assistance, the need for limitations on legal actions taken against individuals with medical debt, and a lack of data on debt collection actions by health care entities and clinicians.

A Piece of My Mind

My Dad鈥檚 Sneakers

Neel Vahil, MTM

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(2):123. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.23577

In this narrative medicine essay, a medical student recounts the final days of his father who died of COVID-19 and finds comfort by understanding the uniqueness of his loss and from the universal experience of the millions who also lost loved ones to the virus.

Editorial

Duration of Anticoagulant Treatment for Acute Provoked Venous Thromboembolism in Pediatric Patients

Benoît Mâsse, PhD; Nancy Robitaille, MD; Jacques Lacroix, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2022;327(2):124-125. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.21890

Screening for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Unmet Needs and Future Considerations

Barbara P. Yawn, MD, MSc; Nancy K. Leidy, PhD; Fernando Martinez, MD, MS

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2022;327(2):126-128. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.23255

Review

Diagnosis and Treatment of Sexually Transmitted Infections: A Review

Susan Tuddenham, MD, MPH; Matthew M. Hamill, MBChB, PhD; Khalil G. Ghanem, MD, PhD

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(2):161-172. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.23487

This review summarizes current evidence regarding the epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of gonorrhea, chlamydia, syphilis, Mycoplasma genitalium, trichomoniasis, and genital herpes.

Podcast: Diagnosis and Treatment of Sexually Transmitted Infections

JAMA Guide to Statistics and Methods

Using Cardinality Matching to Design Balanced and Representative Samples for Observational Studies

Bijan A. Niknam, BS; Jose R. Zubizarreta, PhD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2022;327(2):173-174. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.20555

This JAMA Guide to Statistics and Methods discusses cardinality matching, a method for finding the largest possible number of matched pairs in an observational data set, with the goal of balanced and representative samples of study participants between groups.

JAMA Clinical Challenge

Axillary Lymphadenopathy After COVID-19 Vaccination in a Woman With Breast Cancer

Diana L. Lam, MD; Meghan R. Flanagan, MD, MPH

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(2):175-176. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.20010

A 39-year-old woman with recently diagnosed ductal carcinoma in situ in the right breast but no palpable axillary lymphadenopathy underwent MRI to evaluate the extent of disease; the day before MRI, she received a second dose of mRNA COVID-19 vaccine in her right arm. MRI revealed edema surrounding 2 enlarged, morphologically abnormal level-1 axillary lymph nodes and an irregular mass with irregular margins. What is the diagnosis and what would you do next?

Medical News & Perspectives