June 14, 2022 Issue of JAMA

June 14, 2022, Vol 327, No. 22, Pages 2171-2255

This Week in JAMA

Audio Highlights

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(22):e2117003. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.17003

Podcast: Varenicline and African American Smokers, COVID-19 Vaccination in Children and Adolescents, Digital Breast Tomosynthesis vs Digital Mammography, and more

Original Investigation

Effect of Varenicline Added to Counseling on Smoking Cessation Among African American Daily Smokers: The Kick It at Swope IV Randomized Clinical Trial

Lisa Sanderson Cox, PhD; Nicole L. Nollen, PhD; Matthew S. Mayo, PhD; et al.

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JAMA. 2022;327(22):2201-2209. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.8274

This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial examines the efficacy of varenicline in combination with counseling for smoking cessation among Black adults who are daily smokers.

Editorial
Helping African American Individuals Quit Smoking: Finally, Some Progress
Timothy B. Baker, PhD; Jessica L. Burris, PhD; Michael C. Fiore, MD

JAMA

Association of Prior BNT162b2 COVID-19 Vaccination With Symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Children and Adolescents During Omicron Predominance

Katherine E. Fleming-Dutra, MD; Amadea Britton, MD; Nong Shang, PhD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(22):2210-2219. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.7493

This test-negative, case-control analysis evaluates the association of symptomatic infection with prior vaccination with BNT162b2 to estimate vaccine effectiveness among children and adolescents during Omicron variant predominance.

Editorial
Protecting Children Against Omicron
Sophie E. Katz, MD, MPH; Kathryn Edwards, MD

JAMA

Association of Screening With Digital Breast Tomosynthesis vs Digital Mammography With Risk of Interval Invasive and Advanced Breast Cancer

Karla Kerlikowske, MD; Yu-Ru Su, PhD; Brian L. Sprague, PhD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(22):2220-2230. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.7672

This cohort study evaluates whether digital breast tomosynthesis compared with digital mammography is associated with a lower likelihood of interval invasive cancer, advanced breast cancer, and false alarms among women undergoing routine screening.

Editorial
Digital Breast Tomosynthesis and Detection of Interval Invasive and Advanced Breast Cancers
Sarah M. Friedewald, MD; Lars J. Grimm, MD, MHS

JAMA

Research Letter

NIH Funding of Violence Research by Institute, 2011 to 2020

Jessica R. Williams, PhD, MPH, PHNA-BC; Candace W. Burton, PhD, RN, AFN-BC; Jocelyn C. Anderson, PhD, RN, SANE-A; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(22):2240-2242. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.5635

This study examines trends in violence research funding within and across National Institutes of Health (NIH) institutes/centers from 2011 to 2020.

Risk of Infection and Hospitalization Among Vaccinated and Unvaccinated Children and Adolescents in New York After the Emergence of the Omicron Variant

Vajeera Dorabawila, PhD; Dina Hoefer, PhD; Ursula E. Bauer, PhD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(22):2242-2244. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.7319

This database study examines vaccination for COVID-19 among children in New York after the emergence of the Omicron variant, including analysis of case rates and hospitalizations for COVID-19 disease.

Viewpoint

The Children鈥檚 Health Insurance Program at 25: The Road Ahead

Kunal K. Sindhu, MD; Joan C. Alker, MPhil; Eli Y. Adashi, MD, MS

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2022;327(22):2185-2186. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.8291

This Viewpoint examines the growth and benefits of the Children鈥檚 Health Insurance Program over its first 25 years, details some of its future challenges, and offers recommendations to maximize health insurance coverage for US children.

Expiration of Pandemic-Related Marketplace Insurance Policies: Implications for Affordability and Coverage

John Hsu, MD, MBA, MSCE; Vicki Fung, PhD; Joseph P. Newhouse, PhD

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JAMA. 2022;327(22):2187-2188. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.8318

This Viewpoint discusses the potential negative effects of not renewing the American Rescue Plan Act, including an increase in out-of-pocket premiums in 2023 and a loss of protections afforded by prior coverage gains.

Diagnostic Excellence

Improving Efficiency in Medical Diagnosis

Leila Agha, PhD; Jonathan Skinner, PhD; David Chan, MD, PhD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2022;327(22):2189-2190. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.8587

This Viewpoint discusses the medical diagnostic process and ways to improve health outcomes and reduce diagnosis-related errors.

A Piece of My Mind

The Stethoscope

JoAnne Burger, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2022;327(22):2191. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.9006

In this narrative medicine essay, a pediatrician dreads her first conversation with her 13-year-old patient whose mother died after being hit by a car while the 2 walked the family dog and relies on the wisdom of an inscription on her stethoscope to help her comfort the boy.

Editorial

Helping African American Individuals Quit Smoking: Finally, Some Progress

Timothy B. Baker, PhD; Jessica L. Burris, PhD; Michael C. Fiore, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2022;327(22):2192-2194. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.9161

Protecting Children Against Omicron

Sophie E. Katz, MD, MPH; Kathryn Edwards, MD

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(22):2195-2197. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.7315

Editorial
Robotic Surgery for Bladder Cancer
Avinash Maganty, MD; Lindsey A. Herrel, MD, MS; Brent K. Hollenbeck, MD, MS

JAMA

Digital Breast Tomosynthesis and Detection of Interval Invasive and Advanced Breast Cancers

Sarah M. Friedewald, MD; Lars J. Grimm, MD, MHS

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2022;327(22):2198-2200. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.25018

The Rational Clinical Examination

Does This Patient With Acute Infectious Conjunctivitis Have a Bacterial Infection?The Rational Clinical Examination Systematic Review

Davin Johnson, MD; Daisy Liu, MD; David Simel, MD, MHS

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(22):2231-2237. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.7687

This systematic review assesses the relative prevalence of viral vs bacterial conjunctivitis in adults and children and evaluates which symptoms or signs are suggestive of a viral vs bacterial etiology.

Podcast: Does This Patient With Acute Infectious Conjunctivitis Have a Bacterial Infection? With Dr Johnson

JAMA Insights

Women's Health

Common Causes of Vaginitis

Catherine Leclair, MD; Amy Stenson, MD, MPH

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(22):2238-2239. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.6375

This JAMA Insights in the Women鈥檚 Health series describes symptoms, diagnostic testing, and recommended treatment options for bacterial vaginosis, trichomoniasis, and vulvovaginal candidiasis.

Medical News & Perspectives

SARS-CoV-2 RNA Can Persist in Stool Months After Respiratory Tract Clears Virus

Rita Rubin, MA

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JAMA. 2022;327(22):2175-2176. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.7892

This Medical News feature discusses a recent study that found SARS-CoV-2 might linger longer in the gut than in the respiratory tract.

Podcast: May 2022 Medical News Summary

New White House COVID-19 Leader on What鈥檚 Next

Deanna Bellandi, MPH; Rebecca Voelker, MSJ

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(22):2177-2178. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.8541

This Medical News article is based on an interview with Ashish Jha, MD, the new White House Coronavirus Response Coordinator.

Video: Q&A With White House COVID-19 Response Coordinator Ashish Jha

Podcast: Q&A With White House COVID-19 Response Coordinator Ashish Jha

Clinician Shortage Exacerbates Pandemic-Fueled 鈥淢ental Health Crisis鈥�

Bridget M. Kuehn, MSJ

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2022;327(22):2179-2181. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.8661

This Medical News feature examines the severe shortage of mental health professionals in the US and discusses ways to address it so care is more accessible.

News From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Unexplained Acute Pediatric Hepatitis Cases Worldwide

Bridget M. Kuehn, MSJ

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2022;327(22):2183. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.9175

Rising US Firearm Deaths During Pandemic Linked to Poverty

Bridget M. Kuehn, MSJ

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JAMA. 2022;327(22):2183. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.9111

Biotech Innovations

CAR T-Cell Therapy Shows Early Promise for Gastrointestinal Cancer

Howard D. Larkin

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2022;327(22):2182. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.9511

Maternal RSV Vaccine Could Protect Infants, Interim Analysis Suggests

Howard D. Larkin

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2022;327(22):2182. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.9127

Urine Test Detects SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies

Howard D. Larkin

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(22):2182. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.9512

The Arts and Medicine

Ebstein Anomaly鈥擮f Veils and Visions

Elizabeth H. Stephens, MD, PhD; Joseph A. Dearani, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2022;327(22):2173-2174. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.7679

This Arts and Medicine feature describes a surgeon鈥檚 creation of a block print inspired by the otherworldly appearance of an Ebstein anomaly during cardiac valve repair surgery.

Poetry and Medicine