June 21, 2022 Issue of JAMA

June 21, 2022, Vol 327, No. 23, Pages 2271-2364

This Week in JAMA

Audio Highlights

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(23):e2117013. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.17013

Podcast: Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation, Race-Free Equations for Kidney Function, Mortality With Tonsillectomy in Children, and more

Original Investigation

Effect of MRI-Guided Fibrosis Ablation vs Conventional Catheter Ablation on Atrial Arrhythmia Recurrence in Patients With Persistent Atrial Fibrillation: The DECAAF II Randomized Clinical Trial

Nassir F. Marrouche, MD; Oussama Wazni, MD; Christopher McGann, MD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(23):2296-2305. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.8831

This randomized clinical trial assesses the effects of pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) plus MRI-guided fibrosis ablation compared with PVI alone in treating symptomatic and asymptomatic patients with persistent atrial fibrillation.

Association of Estimated GFR Calculated Using Race-Free Equations With Kidney Failure and Mortality by Black vs Non-Black Race

Orlando M. Gutiérrez, MD, MMSc; Yingying Sang, MS; Morgan E. Grams, MD, MHS, PhD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(23):2306-2316. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.8801

This individual-level data analysis assesses whether estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) equations with and without race and cystatin C document racial differences in the risk of kidney failure with replacement therapy (KFRT) and mortality in populations including Black and non-Black participants.

Editorial
Race-Free Estimation of Kidney Function: Clearing the Path Toward Kidney Health Equity
L. Ebony Boulware, MD, MPH; Dinushika Mohottige, MD, MPH; Matthew L. Maciejewski, PhD

JAMA

Association of Patient Characteristics With Postoperative Mortality in Children Undergoing Tonsillectomy in 5 US States

M. Bruce Edmonson, MD, MPH; Qianqian Zhao, MS; David O. Francis, MD, MS; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(23):2317-2325. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.8679

This retrospective cohort study uses discharge data from 5 US states to evaluate postoperative mortality rates in children undergoing tonsillectomy, overall and in relation to recognized risk factors for complications.

Editorial
Mortality Risk After Pediatric Tonsillectomy
Romaine F. Johnson, MD, MPH; Ron B. Mitchell, MD

JAMA

Research Letter

Dispute Resolution Outcomes for Surprise Bills in Texas

Erin L. Duffy, PhD, MPH; Loren Adler, MS; Benjamin L. Chartock, PhD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(23):2350-2351. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.5791

This study examines Texas independent dispute resolution payment outcomes for clinicians and compares them with arbitration benchmarks.

Receipt of COVID-19 Booster Dose Among Fully Vaccinated Pregnant Individuals Aged 18 to 49 Years by Key Demographics

Hilda Razzaghi, PhD; Mehreen Meghani, MPH; Bradley Crane, MS; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(23):2351-2354. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.6834

This study uses data from the Vaccine Safety Datalink on receipt of booster doses of COVID-19 vaccines among pregnant individuals aged 18 to 49 years.

US Preventive Services Task Force

Recommendation Statement

Vitamin, Mineral, and Multivitamin Supplementation to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement

US Preventive Services Task Force

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(23):2326-2333. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.8970

This 2022 Recommendation Statement from the US Preventive Services Task Force recommends against use of beta carotene or vitamin E supplements for prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) or cancer (D recommendation) and concludes that current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of multivitamin supplements (I statement) or single- or paired-nutrient supplements (other than beta carotene and vitamin E) (I statement) for prevention of cardiovascular disease or cancer.

Podcast: USPSTF Recommendation: Vitamin and Mineral Supplementation to Prevent CVD and Cancer

Editorial
Multivitamins and Supplements鈥擝enign Prevention or Potentially Harmful Distraction?
Jenny Jia, MD, MSc; Natalie A. Cameron, MD; Jeffrey A. Linder, MD, MPH

JAMA
- Podcast: USPSTF Recommendation: Vitamin and Mineral Supplementation to Prevent CVD and Cancer
Why Too Many Vitamins Feels Just About Right
Peter A. Ubel, MD

JAMA Intern Med
- Podcast: Why Too Many Vitamins Feels Just About Right

Evidence Report

Vitamin and Mineral Supplements for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force

Elizabeth A. O鈥機onnor, PhD; Corinne V. Evans, MPP; Ilya Ivlev, MD, PhD, MBI; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(23):2334-2347. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.15650

This systematic review to support the 2022 US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement on vitamin and mineral supplements for the prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer summarizes published evidence on the benefits and harms of vitamin and mineral supplementation for primary prevention of CVD and cancer among adults without CVD or cancer and with no known vitamin or mineral deficiencies.

Podcast: USPSTF Recommendation: Vitamin and Mineral Supplementation to Prevent CVD and Cancer

Editorial
Multivitamins and Supplements鈥擝enign Prevention or Potentially Harmful Distraction?
Jenny Jia, MD, MSc; Natalie A. Cameron, MD; Jeffrey A. Linder, MD, MPH

JAMA
- Podcast: USPSTF Recommendation: Vitamin and Mineral Supplementation to Prevent CVD and Cancer
Why Too Many Vitamins Feels Just About Right
Peter A. Ubel, MD

JAMA Intern Med
- Podcast: Why Too Many Vitamins Feels Just About Right

Viewpoint

The Imperative for Diversity and Inclusion in Clinical Trials and Health Research Participation

Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, PhD, MD, MAS; Alex Helman, PhD; Victor J. Dzau, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2022;327(23):2283-2284. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.9083

This Viewpoint summarizes a report from the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine that details the suboptimal inclusion of women and underrepresented racial and ethnic groups in US research studies and provides approaches to better elucidate barriers, facilitators, and best practices in this endeavor.

From Scientific Discovery to Covered Treatments: Understanding the Payer Perspective as a Keystone to Achieving High-Value Care

Carlos Blanco, MD, PhD; Shari M. Ling, MD; Wilson M. Compton, MD, MPE

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2022;327(23):2285-2286. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.6469

This Viewpoint outlines some of the coverage requirements of Medicare to help researchers develop studies that demonstrate that a new medication or service is reasonable and necessary for treating an illness or injury.

A Piece of My Mind

Nine Lives

Jeanne Cawse-Lucas, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2022;327(23):2287-2288. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.9545

In this narrative medicine essay, a family medicine physician describes a favorite patient's infectious exuberance for life persisting through his dementia and shares how his words at the end of his life helped her navigate her own hospitalization weeks after his death.

Editorial

Race-Free Estimation of Kidney Function: Clearing the Path Toward Kidney Health Equity

L. Ebony Boulware, MD, MPH; Dinushika Mohottige, MD, MPH; Matthew L. Maciejewski, PhD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2022;327(23):2289-2291. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.7310

Mortality Risk After Pediatric Tonsillectomy

Romaine F. Johnson, MD, MPH; Ron B. Mitchell, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2022;327(23):2292-2293. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.8762

Multivitamins and Supplements鈥擝enign Prevention or Potentially Harmful Distraction?

Jenny Jia, MD, MSc; Natalie A. Cameron, MD; Jeffrey A. Linder, MD, MPH

Abstract Full Text

has audio

JAMA. 2022;327(23):2294-2295. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.9167

Podcast: USPSTF Recommendation: Vitamin and Mineral Supplementation to Prevent CVD and Cancer

Editorial
Why Too Many Vitamins Feels Just About Right
Peter A. Ubel, MD

JAMA Intern Med
- Podcast: Why Too Many Vitamins Feels Just About Right

JAMA Clinical Challenge

Recurrent Eye and Ear Pain in an Older Patient

Monica Yang, MD; Mary Margaretten, MD, MAS

Abstract Full Text

has active quiz

JAMA. 2022;327(23):2348-2349. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.8313

A patient in his 60s had pain and erythema in his left eye and ear, which was preceded a year earlier with pain in his right eye and then his left eye. Laboratory findings were unremarkable other than elevated ESR and markedly elevated C-reactive protein levels. What is the diagnosis and what would you do next?

Medical News & Perspectives

Challenges of Deciding Whether and How to Update COVID-19 Vaccines to Protect Against Variants

Rita Rubin, MA

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(23):2273-2275. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.9367

This Medical News feature examines the complexity of changing COVID-19 vaccines to protect against an ever-changing virus.

Quick Uptakes

UN Reports New Insights on Link Between Climate Change and Human Health

Melissa Suran, PhD, MSJ

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(23):2276-2277. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.9240

This Medical News article examines the United Nation鈥檚 latest findings about how climate change affects both physical and mental health.

Podcast: June 2022 Medical News Summary

Editor's Note
Climate Change and Health鈥擜 New JAMA Series
Mary M. McDermott, MD; Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, PhD, MD, MAS

JAMA
- Video: Climate Change and Health
- Podcast: Climate Change and Health

Quick Uptakes

What to Know About Monkeypox

Emily Harris

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(23):2278-2279. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.9499

This Medical News feature discusses what experts know so far about growing outbreaks in the US and other countries.

Podcast: June 2022 Medical News Summary
Podcast: Diagnosis, Prevention, and Treatment of Monkeypox
Podcast: Update on Monkeypox

News From the Food and Drug Administration

Baricitinib Is First Approved COVID-19 Immunomodulatory Treatment

Rita Rubin, MA

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(23):2281. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.9846

Dietary Supplement Sellers Receive Warnings

Rita Rubin, MA

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2022;327(23):2281. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.9179

New Test to Help Diagnose Alzheimer Disease

Rita Rubin, MA

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2022;327(23):2281. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.9847

Global Health

mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine Booster After Inactivated Vaccine Primary Series

Howard D. Larkin

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2022;327(23):2280. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.9408

Cancer Deaths May Double by 2030 in Sub-Saharan Africa

Howard D. Larkin

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2022;327(23):2280. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.10019

Experimental Open-source Low-cost Ventilator Could Meet Critical Need

Howard D. Larkin

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2022;327(23):2280. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.10020

Poetry and Medicine

Chromatic Scale

Audrey Shafer, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2022;327(23):2359. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.5383

JAMA Revisited

Letters

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2022;327(23):2360. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.17014

JAMA Patient Page

Vitamins and Minerals to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease and Cancer

Jill Jin, MD, MPH

Abstract Full Text

free access has audio

JAMA. 2022;327(23):2364. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.10009

This JAMA Patient Page summarizes the US Preventive Services Task Force鈥檚 recent recommendations about the use of vitamins, minerals, and multivitamins to prevent cardiovascular disease and cancer.

Podcast: USPSTF Recommendation: Vitamin and Mineral Supplementation to Prevent CVD and Cancer

Editorial
Multivitamins and Supplements鈥擝enign Prevention or Potentially Harmful Distraction?
Jenny Jia, MD, MSc; Natalie A. Cameron, MD; Jeffrey A. Linder, MD, MPH

JAMA
- Podcast: USPSTF Recommendation: Vitamin and Mineral Supplementation to Prevent CVD and Cancer
Why Too Many Vitamins Feels Just About Right
Peter A. Ubel, MD

JAMA Intern Med
- Podcast: Why Too Many Vitamins Feels Just About Right