September 18, 2018 Issue of JAMA

September 18, 2018, Vol 320, No. 11, Pages 1083-1210

This Week in JAMA

Highlights

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2018;320(11):1083-1085. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.12548

Podcast: Physician Burnout, PET Diagnosis of Alzheimer Disease, Weight Loss Interventions to Prevent Obesity-Related Illness, and more

Original Investigation

Association of Clinical Specialty With Symptoms of Burnout and Career Choice Regret Among US Resident Physicians

Liselotte N. Dyrbye, MD, MHPE; Sara E. Burke, PhD; Rachel R. Hardeman, PhD, MPH; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2018;320(11):1114-1130. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.12615

This survey study investigates risk factors for symptoms of burnout and career choice regret among US physicians during their second year of residency.

Editorial
Physician Burnout鈥擜 Serious Symptom, But of What?
Thomas L. Schwenk, MD; Katherine J. Gold, MD, MSW, MS

JAMA

Prevalence of Burnout Among Physicians: A Systematic Review

Lisa S. Rotenstein, MD, MBA; Matthew Torre, MD; Marco A. Ramos, MD, PhD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2018;320(11):1131-1150. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.12777

This systematic review assesses how burnout among practicing physicians has been defined in the published medical literature and estimates its prevalence by definitions, assessment methods, and study quality.

Editorial
Physician Burnout鈥擜 Serious Symptom, But of What?
Thomas L. Schwenk, MD; Katherine J. Gold, MD, MSW, MS

JAMA

Preliminary Communication

Discriminative Accuracy of [¹⁸F]flortaucipir Positron Emission Tomography for Alzheimer Disease vs Other Neurodegenerative Disorders

Rik Ossenkoppele, PhD; Gil D. Rabinovici, MD; Ruben Smith, MD, PhD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2018;320(11):1151-1162. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.12917

This diagnostic accuracy study characterizes the ability of [¹⁸F]flortaucipir to discriminate Alzheimer from non-Alzheimer neurodegenerative disorders among patients at dementia clinics and research centers.

Research Letter

Association Between Maintaining Certification in General Surgery and Loss-of-License Actions

Andrew T. Jones, PhD; Jason P. Kopp, PhD; Mark A. Malangoni, MD

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2018;320(11):1195-1196. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.9550

This study uses American Board of Surgery data to assess the association between maintainence of certification in general surgery and loss-of-license actions after expiration of the initial 10-year certification among general surgeons.

Scholarship Support for Veterans Enrolling in MD, JD, and MBA Programs

Stephen Graves, MS; Brandon-Luke L. Seagle, MD; Masha Kocherginsky, PhD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2018;320(11):1197-1198. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.10260

This study compares Veterans Administration (VA) scholarship support for veterans enrolling in degree-granting medical schools vs law or business programs at the same institutions.

US Preventive Services Task Force

Recommendation Statement

Behavioral Weight Loss Interventions to Prevent Obesity-Related Morbidity and Mortality in Adults: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement

US Preventive Services Task Force

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2018;320(11):1163-1171. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.13022

This 2018 Recommendation Statement from the US Preventive Services Task Force recommends that clinicians offer or refer adults with a body mass index of 30 or higher to intensive, multicomponent behavioral interventions (B recommendation).

Podcast: USPSTF Recommendation: Behavioral Interventions to Prevent Adult Obesity-Related Outcomes

Editorial
Weight Management in Adults With Obesity: What Is a Primary Care Clinician to Do?
Susan Z. Yanovski, MD

JAMA
Treating Obesity鈥擬oving From Recommendation to Implementation
Debra Haire-Joshu, PhD; Felicia Hill-Briggs, PhD, ABPP

JAMA Intern Med
- Podcast: USPSTF Recommendation: Behavioral Interventions to Prevent Adult Obesity-Related Outcomes

Evidence Report

Behavioral and Pharmacotherapy Weight Loss Interventions to Prevent Obesity-Related Morbidity and Mortality in Adults: Updated Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force

Erin S. LeBlanc, MD, MPH; Carrie D. Patnode, PhD, MPH; Elizabeth M. Webber, MS; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2018;320(11):1172-1191. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.7777

This systematic review to support the 2018 US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement on interventions to prevent obesity-related morbidity and mortality summarizes published evidence on the benefits and harms of behavioral and pharmacotherapy weight loss and weight loss maintenance interventions in adults.

Editorial
Weight Management in Adults With Obesity: What Is a Primary Care Clinician to Do?
Susan Z. Yanovski, MD

JAMA
Treating Obesity鈥擬oving From Recommendation to Implementation
Debra Haire-Joshu, PhD; Felicia Hill-Briggs, PhD, ABPP

JAMA Intern Med
- Podcast: USPSTF Recommendation: Behavioral Interventions to Prevent Adult Obesity-Related Outcomes

Viewpoint

On the Prospects for a (Deep) Learning Health Care System

C. David Naylor, MD, DPhil

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;320(11):1099-1100. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.11103

In this Viewpoint, David Naylor reviews factors driving the adoption of deep learning and artificial intelligence in health care, including the digitization of health data and efficiencies in processing those data sets to automate routine clinical tasks and accelerate research and technology development.

Editorial
Clinical Implications and Challenges of Artificial Intelligence and Deep Learning
William W. Stead, MD

JAMA

Deep Learning鈥擜 Technology With the Potential to Transform Health Care

Geoffrey Hinton, PhD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;320(11):1101-1102. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.11100

In this Viewpoint, Geoffrey Hinton of Google鈥檚 Brain Team discusses the basics of neural networks: their underlying data structures, how they can be trained and combined to process complex health data sets, and future prospects for harnessing their unsupervised learning to clinical challenges.

Editorial
Clinical Implications and Challenges of Artificial Intelligence and Deep Learning
William W. Stead, MD

JAMA

Informatics, Data Science, and Artificial Intelligence

Lisha Zhu, PhD; W. Jim Zheng, PhD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;320(11):1103-1104. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.8211

This Viewpoint discusses how advances in data science and informatics are driving a transformation of biomedical research and clinical practice toward models where data mining and artificial intelligence will underlie development of precision therapies.

A Piece of My Mind

Silent Space

Ian J. Barbash, MD, MS

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;320(11):1105-1106. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.12753

In this narrative medicine essay, an intensivist tells how he and his colleagues joined in a moment of silence to honor the ICU death of a man under their care with a do-not-resuscitate order.

Editorial

Clinical Implications and Challenges of Artificial Intelligence and Deep Learning

William W. Stead, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;320(11):1107-1108. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.11029

Physician Burnout鈥擜 Serious Symptom, But of What?

Thomas L. Schwenk, MD; Katherine J. Gold, MD, MSW, MS

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;320(11):1109-1110. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.11703

Weight Management in Adults With Obesity: What Is a Primary Care Clinician to Do?

Susan Z. Yanovski, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;320(11):1111-1113. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.11031

Editorial
Treating Obesity鈥擬oving From Recommendation to Implementation
Debra Haire-Joshu, PhD; Felicia Hill-Briggs, PhD, ABPP

JAMA Intern Med
- Podcast: USPSTF Recommendation: Behavioral Interventions to Prevent Adult Obesity-Related Outcomes

JAMA Guide to Statistics and Methods

On Deep Learning for Medical Image Analysis

Lawrence Carin, PhD; Michael J. Pencina, PhD

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2018;320(11):1192-1193. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.13316

This JAMA Guide to Statistics and Methods explains the basic concepts underlying convolutional neural networks (CNNs), a type of machine learning being used to automate the reading of medical images.

Video: Understanding How Machine Learning Works

Podcast: JAMA Guide to Statistics and Methods
Podcast: On Deep Learning for Medical Image Analysis With Dr Carin

Medical News & Perspectives

A Day in the Life: Caring for Transgender Patients in New York City

Jennifer Abbasi

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;320(11):1092-1093. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.11218

This Medical News article profiles Joshua D. Safer, MD, who leads Mount Sinai鈥檚 Center for Transgender Medicine and Surgery.

Are Bacteria Transplants the Future of Eczema Therapy?

Jennifer Abbasi

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2018;320(11):1094-1095. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.12334

This Medical News article discusses early clinical trials of beneficial bacteria therapy for eczema, or atopic dermatitis.

Podcast: Treating Pediatric Eczema

News From the Food and Drug Administration

Generic Form of EpiPen Approved

Rebecca Voelker, MSJ

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;320(11):1098. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.13297

Vaginal Ring Contraceptive Remains Effective for 1 Year

Rebecca Voelker, MSJ

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;320(11):1098. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.13299

Brain Stimulation Approved for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Rebecca Voelker, MSJ

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;320(11):1098. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.13301

The JAMA Forum

Enabling School Success to Improve Community Health

Josh Sharfstein, MD; Roberto Santamaria, MPH, MBA

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2018;320(11):1096. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.12567

Global Health

Armadillos Bring Risk of Leprosy

M.J. Friedrich

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;320(11):1097. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.12741

Early Initiation of Breastfeeding

M.J. Friedrich

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;320(11):1097. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.13372

Cardiovascular Disease in India

M.J. Friedrich

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;320(11):1097. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.13373

Poetry and Medicine

Spring Downsizing

Ronald Pies, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;320(11):1203. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.5762

JAMA Revisited

Proprietaries, Pianos and Probity

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;320(11):1204. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.12578

JAMA Patient Page

Behavioral Interventions for Weight Loss

Jill Jin, MD, MPH

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2018;320(11):1210. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.13125

This JAMA Patient Page describes the US Preventive Services Task Force鈥檚 recent recommendations on behavioral interventions for weight loss to prevent obesity-related problems in adults.

Editorial
Treating Obesity鈥擬oving From Recommendation to Implementation
Debra Haire-Joshu, PhD; Felicia Hill-Briggs, PhD, ABPP

JAMA Intern Med
- Podcast: USPSTF Recommendation: Behavioral Interventions to Prevent Adult Obesity-Related Outcomes