March 27, 2018 Issue of JAMA

March 27, 2018, Vol 319, No. 12, Pages 1177-1290

This Week in JAMA

Highlights

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2018;319(12):1177-1179. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.12295

Podcast: Trends in US Infectious Diseases, HIV PrEP Review, Mentoring in the #MeToo Era, Hazards of Order Sets, and more

Original Investigation

Estimated 24-Hour Urinary Sodium and Potassium Excretion in US Adults

Mary E. Cogswell, DrPH; Catherine M. Loria, PhD; Ana L. Terry, MS; et al.

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JAMA. 2018;319(12):1209-1220. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.1156

This study uses NHANES data to estimate the mean population sodium intake and describe urinary potassium excretion among US adults aged 20 to 69 years.

Editorial
Measurements of 24-Hour Urinary Sodium and Potassium Excretion: Importance and Implications
Joachim H. Ix, MD, MAS; Cheryl A. M. Anderson, PhD, MPH, MS

JAMA

Association of Placebo, Indomethacin, Ibuprofen, and Acetaminophen With Closure of Hemodynamically Significant Patent Ductus Arteriosus in Preterm Infants: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Souvik Mitra, MD; Ivan D. Florez, MD, MSc; Maria E. Tamayo, MD, MSc; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2018;319(12):1221-1238. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.1896

This network meta-analysis of randomized trials compares the efficacy and safety of indomethacin, ibuprofen, and acetaminophen for closure of clinically or echocardiographically diagnosed hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in preterm infants.

Association Between Loss of Hospital-Based Obstetric Services and Birth Outcomes in Rural Counties in the United States

Katy B. Kozhimannil, PhD, MPA; Peiyin Hung, PhD, MSPH; Carrie Henning-Smith, PhD, MPH, MSW; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2018;319(12):1239-1247. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.1830

This cohort study investigates the association between loss of hospital-based obstetric services between 2004 and 2014 and changes in location of childbirth and preterm births in rural counties in the United States.

Editorial
Eroding Access and Quality of Childbirth Care in Rural US Counties
Neel T. Shah, MD, MPP

JAMA

Trends and Patterns of Differences in Infectious Disease Mortality Among US Counties, 1980-2014

Charbel el Bcheraoui, PhD; Ali H. Mokdad, PhD; Laura Dwyer-Lindgren, PhD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2018;319(12):1248-1260. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.2089

This population epidemiology study estimates county-level patterns in mortality rates from infectious diseases in the United States between 1980 and 2014.

Editorial
Infectious Diseases Mortality in the United States: Ongoing Investment Needed for Continued Progress
Emily K. Shuman, MD; Preeti N. Malani, MD, MSJ

JAMA

Research Letter

Three-Year Follow-up of a Trial of Close Contact Casting vs Surgery for Initial Treatment of Unstable Ankle Fractures in Older Adults

David J. Keene, DPhil; Sarah E. Lamb, DPhil; Dipesh Mistry, PhD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2018;319(12):1274-1276. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.0811

This study reports 3-year outcomes of a randomized trial that compared close contact casting vs the usual surgery for unstable ankle fractures in older adults and that found equivalent ankle function outcomes at 6 months.

Electronic Health Record Usability Issues and Potential Contribution to Patient Harm

Jessica L. Howe, MA; Katharine T. Adams, BA; A. Zachary Hettinger, MD, MS; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2018;319(12):1276-1278. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.1171

This study analyzed patient safety reports in and near Pennsylvania from 2013 through 2016 to identify those that contained explicit language associating possible patient harm with an electronic health record usability issue.

Viewpoint

A Path to Sustain Rural Hospitals

Karen M. Murphy, PhD, RN; Lauren S. Hughes, MD, MPH, MSc; Patrick Conway, MD, MSc

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;319(12):1193-1194. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.2967

This Viewpoint discusses the rationale and policy objectives of the Pennsylvania Rural Health Model, a program launched by CMS and the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania in 2017 to transition rural hospitals from fee-for-service reimbursement to a multipayer global budget payment method intended to improve population health outcomes and quality of care while lowering costs.

Birth Defects Potentially Related to Zika Virus Infection During Pregnancy in the United States

Brenda Fitzgerald, MD; Coleen Boyle, PhD, MS; Margaret A. Honein, PhD, MPH

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;319(12):1195-1196. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.0126

This Viewpoint summarizes findings from a population-based birth defect surveillance report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimating the prevalence of birth defects potentially related to Zika virus infection in US areas with documented local Zika virus transmission in 2016.

Preventing the Malignant Transformation of Bipolar Disorder

Robert M. Post, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;319(12):1197-1198. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.0322

This Viewpoint argues that the therapeutic approach to bipolar disorder should mimic that for cancer, with immediate aggressive treatment and vigilant monitoring and follow-up to prevent long-term sequelae of disability, cognitive deficits, and suicide.

A Piece of My Mind

Mentoring in the Era of #MeToo

Julie Story Byerley, MD, MPH

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;319(12):1199-1200. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.2128

In this narrative essay, the author wonders what effect the #metoo phenomenon will have on mentoring between male mentors and junior female trainees and faculty and recalls male mentors who were supportive of her and other women colleagues鈥� professional development in a plea for diversity and inclusion among leaders in medicine that supports the entire academic medical community.

Editorial

Measurements of 24-Hour Urinary Sodium and Potassium Excretion: Importance and Implications

Joachim H. Ix, MD, MAS; Cheryl A. M. Anderson, PhD, MPH, MS

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;319(12):1201-1202. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.1153

Eroding Access and Quality of Childbirth Care in Rural US Counties

Neel T. Shah, MD, MPP

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;319(12):1203-1204. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.1646

Infectious Diseases Mortality in the United States: Ongoing Investment Needed for Continued Progress

Emily K. Shuman, MD; Preeti N. Malani, MD, MSJ

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;319(12):1205-1206. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.1525

From Guideline to Order Set to Patient Harm

Sachin D. Shah, MD; Adam S. Cifu, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;319(12):1207-1208. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.1666

Review

HIV Preexposure Prophylaxis: A Review

James Riddell IV, MD; K. Rivet Amico, PhD; Kenneth H. Mayer, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;319(12):1261-1268. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.1917

This narrative review summarizes evidence on the use of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF)/emtricitabine for HIV preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and calls for increased prescribing of PrEP and research on measures to identify individuals at high risk for HIV to ensure their access to PrEP and maximize medication adherence.

JAMA Performance Improvement

尾-Blockers in Myocardial Infarction: Issues With Standard Admission Order Sets

Arjun Gupta, MD; Sandeep R. Das, MD; Ambarish Pandey, MD

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2018;319(12):1269-1270. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.0845

This JAMA Performance Improvement article uses the case of a patient with acute myocardial infarction and heart failure who developed cardiogenic shock after being given carvedilol as part of a standard STEMI admission order set to discuss the limits of orders sets and of guideline-based care and the need to optimize each for individual patient circumstances.

Podcast: EMRs Gone Bad: How Order Sets Can Result in Medication Errors

Editorial
From Guideline to Order Set to Patient Harm
Sachin D. Shah, MD; Adam S. Cifu, MD

JAMA

JAMA Diagnostic Test Interpretation

Gastroesophageal Reflux Monitoring

Amit Patel, MD; C. Prakash Gyawali, MD, MRCP

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;319(12):1271-1272. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.1144

A 56-year-old woman with persistent GERD symptoms on 40 mg esomeprazole had a normal EGD and 24-hour ambulatory reflux monitoring results. What would you do next?

Medical News & Perspectives