September 11, 2018 Issue of JAMA

September 11, 2018, Vol 320, No. 10, Pages 951-1074

This Week in JAMA

Highlights

Abstract Full Text

free access has audio

JAMA. 2018;320(10):951-953. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.12537

Podcast: Pip-Tazo vs Meropenem for GNR Bacteremia, Vessel Recanalization in Stroke, Ioannidis on Reforming Nutritional Research, and more

Original Investigation

Effect of Piperacillin-Tazobactam vs Meropenem on 30-Day Mortality for Patients With E coli or Klebsiella pneumoniae Bloodstream Infection and Ceftriaxone Resistance: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Patrick N. A. Harris, MBBS; Paul A. Tambyah, MD; David C. Lye, MBBS; et al.

Abstract Full Text

free access has multimedia

JAMA. 2018;320(10):984-994. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.12163

This noninferiority trial compares the effects of piperacillin-tazobactam vs meropenem on mortality in patients with bloodstream infection caused by ceftriaxone-nonsusceptible Escherichia coli or Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Video: Effect of Piperacillin-Tazobactam vs Meropenem on Mortality in Gram-Negative Bloodstream Infection

Editorial
Carbapenem-Sparing Therapy for Extended-Spectrum 尾-Lactamase鈥揚roducing E coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae Bloodstream Infection: The Search Continues
Mary K. Hayden, MD; Sarah Y. Won, MD, MPH

JAMA

Effect of Levofloxacin Prophylaxis on Bacteremia in Children With Acute Leukemia or Undergoing Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Sarah Alexander, MD; Brian T. Fisher, DO, MSCE; Aditya H. Gaur, MD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2018;320(10):995-1004. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.12512

This open-label randomized clinical trial involving pediatric patients with acute leukemia receiving intensive chemotherapy or undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation compares the rate of bacteremia among those who received levofloxacin prophylaxis with those who did not.

Association of Gestational Diabetes With Maternal Disorders of Glucose Metabolism and Childhood Adiposity

William L. Lowe Jr, MD; Denise M. Scholtens, PhD; Lynn P. Lowe, PhD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2018;320(10):1005-1016. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.11628

This cohort study investigates associations between gestational diabetes diagnosed by contemporary criteria and maternal glucose metabolism and childhood adiposity 10 to 14 years鈥� postpartum.

Association of Clinical, Imaging, and Thrombus Characteristics With Recanalization of Visible Intracranial Occlusion in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke

Bijoy K. Menon, MD, MSc; Fahad S. Al-Ajlan, MD; Mohamed Najm, BSc; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2018;320(10):1017-1026. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.12498

This cohort study examines baseline clinical and biochemical variables, intracranial thrombus characteristics, and stroke workflow interval times associated with clot recanalization among patients with ischemic stroke treated with intravenous alteplase.

Research Letter

Lethality of Civilian Active Shooter Incidents With and Without Semiautomatic Rifles in the United States

Elzerie de Jager, MBBS(Hons); Eric Goralnick, MD, MS; Justin C. McCarty, DO; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2018;320(10):1034-1035. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.11009

This study compares injury and death rates during active shooter incidents with vs without semiautomatic rifles.

Viewpoint

The Challenge of Reforming Nutritional Epidemiologic Research

John P. A. Ioannidis, MD, DSc

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;320(10):969-970. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.11025

In this Viewpoint, Ioannidis discusses the status of nutritional epidemiologic research and posits that radical reform is needed in the field, including how nutritional research is conducted and reported.

Is US Medical Care Inefficient?

Victor R. Fuchs, PhD

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2018;320(10):971-972. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.10779

In this Viewpoint, health economist Victor Fuchs discusses the challenges of making cross-country comparisons of health system efficiency and reviews a range of variables, including alleviation of morbidity, quality-of-life measures, and socioeconomic factors, necessary to understanding the effects of micro- and macro- health care inefficiencies on US life expectancy.

How Disruptive Innovation by Business and Technology Firms Could Improve Population Health

Anne Stey, MD, MSc; Hemal Kanzaria, MD, MS; Robert Brook, MD, ScD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;320(10):973-974. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.10782

This Viewpoint discusses how entry of business and technology firms into health care might benefit patients and the public鈥檚 health through use of platforms, analytics, and marketing expertise that could promote healthy lifestyle choices, make medical information more accessible, improve system interoperability, and reduce barriers to access.

Navigating the Ethical Boundaries of Grateful Patient Fundraising

Megan E. Collins, MD, MPH; Steven A. Rum, MPA; Jeremy Sugarman, MD, MPH, MA

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;320(10):975-976. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.11655

This Viewpoint summarizes what little is known about physician fundraising from their patients, and outlines an agenda for research and education to help ensure that the fundraising is conducted in an ethically appropriate manner.

A Piece of My Mind

Pumped

Charlotte Grinberg, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;320(10):977-978. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.12212

In this narrative medicine essay, a young doctor describes her experience breast pumping and breastfeeing during her intern year.

Editorial

Carbapenem-Sparing Therapy for Extended-Spectrum 尾-Lactamase鈥揚roducing E coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae Bloodstream Infection: The Search Continues

Mary K. Hayden, MD; Sarah Y. Won, MD, MPH

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;320(10):979-981. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.12565

The US Training System for Physicians鈥擭eed for Deeper Analysis

S. Claiborne Johnston, MD, PhD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;320(10):982-983. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.12879

JAMA Guide to Statistics and Methods

Case-Control Studies: Using 鈥淩eal-world鈥� Evidence to Assess Association

Telba Z. Irony, PhD

Abstract Full Text

has audio

JAMA. 2018;320(10):1027-1028. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.12115

This JAMA Guide to Statistics and Methods explains the construction and utility of case-control studies to find associations between risk factors, including treatments, and patient outcomes.

Podcast: JAMA Guide to Statistics and Methods
JAMAevidence: Guide to Statistics and Methods: Case-Control Studies: Using 鈥淩eal-world鈥� Evidence to Assess Association, With Dr Irony

JAMA Insights

Clinical Update

Management of Groin Hernias in Adults鈥�2018

John Montgomery, MD; Justin B. Dimick, MD, MPH; Dana A. Telem, MD, MPH

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;320(10):1029-1030. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.10680

This clinical update article summarizes advances in the management of inguinal and femoral hernias in adults, including indications for imaging and surgery, use of minimally invasive repair techniques, watchful waiting, and treatment of chronic postherniorrhaphy pain.

JAMA Clinical Guidelines Synopsis

Diagnosis and Treatment of Clostridium difficile Infection

Arjun Gupta, MBBS; Adam S. Cifu, MD; Sahil Khanna, MBBS, MS

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;320(10):1031-1032. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.12194

This JAMA Clinical Guidelines Synopsis summarizes the 2018 Infectious Diseases Society of America and Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America recommendations on diagnosis and treatment of Clostridium difficile infection.

Medical News & Perspectives

Exploring the Relationship Between Depression and Dementia

Rita Rubin, MA

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;320(10):961-962. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.11154

This Medical News story examines what is known about the relationship between depression and cognitive impairment and dementia.

The JAMA Forum

Forced Separation of Children From Parents: Another Consideration

Diana J. Mason, PhD, RN

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2018;320(10):963-964. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.12154

News From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Mumps Outbreak Preparedness

Bridget Kuehn, MSJ

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;320(10):966. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.12455

Gaps in HIV Testing for Black Men

Bridget Kuehn, MSJ

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;320(10):966. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.12833

Biotech Innovations

HIV Preexposure Prophylaxis 鈥淪mart Pill鈥� in Early Testing

Jennifer Abbasi

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;320(10):965. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.12335

Heat-Activation Concentrates Chemotherapy in Liver Tumors

Jennifer Abbasi

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;320(10):965. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.13026

Promising Results in 18-Month Analysis of Alzheimer Drug Candidate

Jennifer Abbasi

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;320(10):965. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.13027

Poetry and Medicine

Seropositive

Lala Tanmoy Das

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;320(10):1040. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.5620

JAMA Revisited

Biological Problems of Death

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2018;320(10):1041. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.12567

Appendix

Medical Schools in the United States, 2017-2018

Barbara Barzansky, PhD; Sylvia I. Etzel

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2018;320(10):1042-1050. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.11679

This Appendix presents data from the 2017-2018 Liaison Committee on Medical Education (LCME) annual questionnaire detailing information on the number of students, student demographics, curriculum content, and enrollment at US medical schools.

Editorial
The US Training System for Physicians鈥擭eed for Deeper Analysis
S. Claiborne Johnston, MD, PhD

JAMA

Graduate Medical Education, 2017-2018

Sarah E. Brotherton, PhD; Sylvia I. Etzel

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2018;320(10):1051-1070. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.10650

This Appendix presents 2017 National GME Census data detailing the numbers and types of ACGME-accredited training programs and the residents and fellows in them.

Editorial
The US Training System for Physicians鈥擭eed for Deeper Analysis
S. Claiborne Johnston, MD, PhD

JAMA

JAMA Patient Page

Types of Hospitals in the United States

Jason B. Liu, MD; Rachel R. Kelz, MD, MSCE, MBA

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2018;320(10):1074. doi:10.1001/jama.2018.9471

This JAMA Patient Page describes the different types of hospitals in the United States and how to assess the specific health care services that they provide.

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