June 16, 2015 Issue of JAMA

June 16, 2015, Vol 313, No. 23, Pages 2299-2394

This Week in JAMA

Highlights

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2015;313(23):2299-2301. doi:10.1001/jama.2014.11805

Podcast: Noninvasive ventilation for postoperative hypoxemia, antibiotics vs surgery for appendicitis, sources and areas of health development assistance, noninferiority trials, and more.

Original Investigation

Caring for the Critically Ill Patient

High-Flow Nasal Oxygen vs Noninvasive Positive Airway Pressure in Hypoxemic Patients After Cardiothoracic Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trial

François Stéphan, MD, PhD; Benoit Barrucand, MD; Pascal Petit, MD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2015;313(23):2331-2339. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.5213

In this randomized clinical trial, the investigators tested 2 approaches to prevent or resolve acute respiratory failure and found that high-flow nasal oxygen therapy was not inferior to bilevel positive airway pressure in patients with hypoxemia after cardiothoracic surgery.

Editorial
High-Flow Nasal Cannulae or Noninvasive Ventilation for Management of Postoperative Respiratory Failure
Lorenzo Del Sorbo, MD; Niall D. Ferguson, MD, MSc

JAMA

Antibiotic Therapy vs Appendectomy for Treatment of Uncomplicated Acute Appendicitis: The APPAC Randomized Clinical Trial

Paulina Salminen, MD, PhD; Hannu Paajanen, MD, PhD; Tero Rautio, MD, PhD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

free access has audio

JAMA. 2015;313(23):2340-2348. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.6154

In this randomized clinical trial among patients with uncomplicated appendicitis proven by a computed tomographic scan, antibiotic treatment did not meet the prespecified criteria for noninferiority compared with appendectomy.

Podcast: Antibiotics vs Appendectomy for Uncomplicated Appendicitis Treatment
Podcast: Treating Appendicitis Without Surgery 鈥� 5-Year Follow-up From a Randomized Clinical Trial of Antibiotic Treatment

Editorial
Treating Appendicitis Without Surgery
Edward Livingston, MD; Corrine Vons, MD, PhD

JAMA

Variation in Adenoma Detection Rate and the Lifetime Benefits and Cost of Colorectal Cancer Screening: A Microsimulation Model

Reinier G. S. Meester, MSc; Chyke A. Doubeni, MD, MPH; Iris Lansdorp-Vogelaar, PhD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2015;313(23):2349-2358. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.6251

This simulation study uses Kaiser Permanente patient data to estimate benefits, complications, and costs of colorectal cancer screening stratified by adenoma detection rate and age at initiation.

Podcast: Lifetime Benefits and Costs of Colorectal Cancer Screening

Research Letter

Short-term Outcomes of Infants Enrolled in Randomized Clinical Trials vs Those Eligible but Not Enrolled

Elizabeth E. Foglia, MD; Tracy L. Nolen, DrPH; Sara B. DeMauro, MD, MSCE; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2015;313(23):2377-2379. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.5734

This retrospective analysis of infants at National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research Network sites did not find differences in mortality or neonatal morbidity between trial participants and nonparticipants.

Special Communication

Sources and Focus of Health Development Assistance, 1990鈥�2014

Joseph L. Dieleman, PhD; Casey Graves, BA; Elizabeth Johnson, BA; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2015;313(23):2359-2368. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.5825

This Special Communication reports the amount of financial assistance high-income countries and private organizations provide to developing countries for health, and their areas of focus.

Editorial
Development Assistance for Health: Potential Contribution to the Post-2015 Agenda
Andy Haines, MD, MB, BS

JAMA

Viewpoint

Scientific Discovery and the Future of Medicine

Science, Medicine, and Society: A View From the Wellcome Trust

Jeremy Farrar, FRS, FRCP, FMedSci, OBE

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2015;313(23):2315-2316. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.2004

This Viewpoint discusses the translation of new knowledge into better health via the integration of science, medicine, and society.

Guiding Principles for Center for Medicare & Medicaid Innovation Model Evaluations

Benjamin L. Howell, PhD; Patrick H. Conway, MD; Rahul Rajkumar, MD, JD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2015;313(23):2317-2318. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.2902

This Viewpoint discusses the Innovation Center of the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS), which was created to evaluate new health care payment and delivery models.

Curbing the Diabetes Pandemic: The Need for Global Policy Solutions

Frank B. Hu, MD, PhD; Ambika Satija, BA; JoAnn E. Manson, MD, DrPH

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2015;313(23):2319-2320. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.5287

This Viewpoint advocates worldwide policy changes that encourages walking and bicycling and promotes healthful eating by such measures as taxing junk food and subsidizing nutritious food to curb the diabetes epidemic.

A Potential Solution to the Shortage of Solid Organs for Transplantation

Stephen P. Wall, MD, MSc, MAEd; Carolyn Plunkett, MA; Arthur Caplan, PhD

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2015;313(23):2321-2322. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.5328

This Viewpoint discusses an approach to expanding the pool of potential donors of solid organs for transplantation.

Podcast: An Approach to the Shortage of Solid Organs for Transplantation

A Piece of My Mind

Rewriting the Script

Daniel Saal, MD, PhD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2015;313(23):2323-2324. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.2653

Editorial

High-Flow Nasal Cannulae or Noninvasive Ventilation for Management of Postoperative Respiratory Failure

Lorenzo Del Sorbo, MD; Niall D. Ferguson, MD, MSc

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2015;313(23):2325-2326. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.5304

Treating Appendicitis Without Surgery

Edward Livingston, MD; Corrine Vons, MD, PhD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2015;313(23):2327-2328. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.6266

Development Assistance for Health: Potential Contribution to the Post-2015 Agenda

Andy Haines, MD, MB, BS

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2015;313(23):2328-2330. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.5790

JAMA Guide to Statistics and Methods

Noninferiority Trials: Is a New Treatment Almost as Effective as Another?

Amy H. Kaji, MD, PhD; Roger J. Lewis, MD, PhD

Abstract Full Text

has audio

JAMA. 2015;313(23):2371-2372. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.6645

This Guide to Statistics and Methods describes the reasons for conducting a noninferiority trial and how to analyze and interpret the results from a trial that did.

Podcast: JAMA Guide to Statistics and Methods

From the 糖心vlog

A Revised Quality Measure for Surgical Care: More Alpha Testing for Perioperative 尾-Blockers?

David R. Urbach, MD, MSc; Chaim M. Bell, MD, PhD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2015;313(23):2369-2370. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.0798

JAMA Clinical Challenge

Recurrent Oral Ulcers

Eric T. Stoopler, DMD, FDS RCSEd, FDS RCSEng; Thomas P. Sollecito, DMD, FDS RCSEd

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2015;313(23):2373-2374. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.1637

Medical News & Perspectives

Margaret A. Hamburg, MD, Reflects on 6 Years at FDA

Rita Rubin, MA

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2015;313(23):2309-2310. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.3911

News From the Food and Drug Administration

More Protection Against Plague

Rebecca Voelker, MSJ

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2015;313(23):2312. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.6117

Surgical Sealant Gets the Nod

Rebecca Voelker, MSJ

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2015;313(23):2312. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.6323

Pain Relief Without Paresthesia

Rebecca Voelker, MSJ

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2015;313(23):2312. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.6326

Undeclared Corticosteroid

Rebecca Voelker, MSJ

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2015;313(23):2312. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.6328

Global Health

Into the Woods to End Global Hunger

M. J. Friedrich

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2015;313(23):2311. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.5887

Worldwide Disparities in Surgical Care

M. J. Friedrich

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2015;313(23):2311. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.6441

Greatest Bacterial Diversity Found in Remote Amazonian People

M. J. Friedrich

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2015;313(23):2311. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.6454

International Plans to Deter Antibiotic Resistance Need Improvement

M. J. Friedrich

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2015;313(23):2311. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.6456

The Art of JAMA

Untitled: Otis Dozier

Thomas B. Cole, MD, MPH

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2015;313(23):2306-2307. doi:10.1001/jama.2014.11807

Poetry and Medicine

The Cloud of Consonants and a Vowel

Carol Snyder Halberstadt

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2015;313(23):2383. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.5529

JAMA Revisited

Appendicitis and Infectious Diseases

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2015;313(23):2384. doi:10.1001/jama.2014.11828

JAMA Patient Page

Appendicitis

Edward H. Livingston, MD

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2015;313(23):2394. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.6201

Comment & Response

Presurgery Sedation and Patient Experience

Tetsuji Fujita, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2015;313(23):2379. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.5513

Presurgery Sedation and Patient Experience

Axel R. Heller, MD, MBA; Thea Koch, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2015;313(23):2379-2380. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.5516

Presurgery Sedation and Patient Experience鈥擱eply

Axel Maurice-Szamburski, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2015;313(23):2380-2381. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.5522

Cause of an Elevated Lactate Level

Kai E. Swenson, AB; Charles R. Wira, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2015;313(23):2381. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.5043

Cause of an Elevated Lactate Level鈥擱eply

Meng Chen, MD; Tiffany Y. Kim, MD; Antonio M. Pessegueiro, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2015;313(23):2381. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.5046

Clinician Understanding of Cholesterol Treatment Guidelines

Todd C. Lee, MD, MPH; Emily G. McDonald, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2015;313(23):2381-2382. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.5519

Clinician Understanding of Cholesterol Treatment Guidelines鈥擱eply

Om P. Ganda, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2015;313(23):2382. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.5526

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June 16, 2015, Vol 313, No. 23, Pages 2299-2394

Caring for the Critically Ill Patient

Scientific Discovery and the Future of Medicine

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