May 11, 2021 Issue of JAMA

May 11, 2021, Vol 325, No. 18, Pages 1813-1912

This Week in JAMA

Audio Highlights

Abstract Full Text

free access online only has audio

JAMA. 2021;325(18):e2017929. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.17929

Podcast: Antibiotics for IPF, Digital Interventions for Depression and OCD, Headache Management Review, and more

Original Investigation

Effect of Antimicrobial Therapy on Respiratory Hospitalization or Death in Adults With Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: The CleanUP-IPF Randomized Clinical Trial

Fernando J. Martinez, MD, MS; Eric Yow, MS; Kevin R. Flaherty, MD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2021;325(18):1841-1851. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.4956

This clinical trial investigates whether the addition of antimicrobial treatments co-trimoxazole or doxycycline to usual care improves outcomes among patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis better than usual care alone.

Effect of a Digital Intervention on Depressive Symptoms in Patients With Comorbid Hypertension or Diabetes in Brazil and Peru: Two Randomized Clinical Trials

Ricardo Araya, MD, PhD; Paulo Rossi Menezes, MD, PhD; Heloísa Garcia Claro, PhD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

free access

JAMA. 2021;325(18):1852-1862. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.4348

These randomized clinical trials compare the effects of smartphone app鈥揹elivered mini-sessions to treat depression vs enhanced usual care on depressive symptoms among patients with hypertension or diabetes in Brazil and Peru.

Editorial
Digital Interventions for Adults With Symptoms of Depression and Children and Adolescents With Symptoms of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
John Torous, MD

JAMA

Effect of an Internet-Delivered Stepped-Care Program vs In-Person Cognitive Behavioral Therapy on Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Symptoms in Children and Adolescents: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Kristina Aspvall, PhD; Erik Andersson, PhD; Karin Melin, RN, PhD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2021;325(18):1863-1873. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.3839

This noninferiority trial compares the effects of an internet-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) program followed by traditional in-person CBT if necessary vs in-person CBT alone on symptoms of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) in children and adolescents.

Editorial
Digital Interventions for Adults With Symptoms of Depression and Children and Adolescents With Symptoms of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
John Torous, MD

JAMA

Research Letter

Neutralizing Antibodies Against SARS-CoV-2 Variants After Infection and Vaccination

Venkata Viswanadh Edara, PhD; William H. Hudson, PhD; Xuping Xie, PhD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2021;325(18):1896-1898. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.4388

This study examines the neutralizing antibody response to 4 SARS-CoV-2 variants in infected and vaccinated individuals.

Spike Antibody Levels of Nursing Home Residents With or Without Prior COVID-19 3 Weeks After a Single BNT162b2 Vaccine Dose

Hubert Blain, MD, PhD; Edouard Tuaillon, MD, PhD; Lucie Gamon; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2021;325(18):1898-1899. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.6042

This study compares IgG antibody levels after a single dose of the BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) vaccine in nursing home residents with vs without prior COVID-19.

Oral Temperature of Noninfected Hospitalized Patients

Sidra L. Speaker, BA; Elizabeth R. Pfoh, PhD, MPH; Matthew A. Pappas, MD, MPH, FHM; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2021;325(18):1899-1901. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.1541

This study describes oral temperatures in a large sample of nonsurgical inpatients without infections to inform evaluation of fever in the hospital.

Viewpoint

The Leading Causes of Death in the US for 2020

Farida B. Ahmad, MPH; Robert N. Anderson, PhD

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2021;325(18):1829-1830. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.5469

This Viewpoint from the US National Center for Health Statistics reports a 2020 mortality estimate 17.7% higher than that of 2019, with leading causes of death comprising heart disease, cancer, and COVID-19.

Meeting the Challenge of Caring for Persons Living With Dementia and Their Care Partners and Caregivers: A Report From the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Eric B. Larson, MD, MPH; Clare Stroud, PhD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2021;325(18):1831-1832. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.4928

This Viewpoint highlights quality deficiencies in dementia care, summarizes current intervention strategies, and emphasizes the need for more effective research.

Changes to the Standards for Integrity and Independence in Continuing Medical Education

Graham T. McMahon, MD, MMSc

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2021;325(18):1833-1834. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.0213

This Viewpoint summarizes the 2020 updated Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME) standards for integrity and independence in US continuing medical education (CME), including enhanced requirements for content validity based on science, disclosure of financial relationships, and freedom from commercial bias and marketing.

Industry-Sponsored Speaker Programs鈥擡nd of the Line?

Eli Y. Adashi, MD, MS; I. Glenn Cohen, JD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2021;325(18):1835-1836. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.26580

This Viewpoint discusses the recent special fraud alert issued by the DHHS Office of Inspector General (OIG) regarding industry-sponsored speaker programs, including the OIG鈥檚 recommendations and their implications.

A Piece of My Mind

A Good Mother

Rebecca A. Snyder, MD, MPH

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2021;325(18):1837-1838. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.6271

In this narrative medicine essay, a surgeon accustomed to affirmation and feedback throughout her career wonders what measures reflect how she is performing as a mother.

Editorial

Digital Interventions for Adults With Symptoms of Depression and Children and Adolescents With Symptoms of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

John Torous, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2021;325(18):1839-1840. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.5047

Review

Diagnosis and Management of Headache: A Review

Matthew S. Robbins, MD

Abstract Full Text

has audio

JAMA. 2021;325(18):1874-1885. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.1640

This narrative review summarizes the clinical characteristics, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and acute and preventive treatment options for primary headache disorders (migraine, tension-type headache, trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias) and secondary causes.

Podcast: Diagnosis and Management of Headache, Part 1
Podcast: Diagnosis and Management of Headache, Part 2

Editorial
Acute Treatment for Migraine: Contemporary Treatments and Future Directions
Rebecca Burch, MD; Melissa Rayhill, MD

JAMA

JAMA Insights

Update on Corneal Transplant in 2021

Kathryn Colby, MD, PhD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2021;325(18):1886-1887. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.17382

This JAMA Insights Clinical Update summarizes the evolution in the types of corneal transplants performed over the past 20 years, including the shift from full-thickness replacement of the entire cornea to selective transplant of just the diseased layers.

From The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics

Pharmacotherapy for Postmenopausal Osteoporosis

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2021;325(18):1888-1889. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.13841

This Medical Letter provides 2 tables summarizing key information about drugs for postmenopausal osteoporosis published as part of a comprehensive review on the topic.

Medical News & Perspectives

Navigating Attacks Against Health Care Workers in the COVID-19 Era

Howard Larkin

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2021;325(18):1822-1824. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.2701

This Medical News article discusses attacks against health care workers since the COVID-19 pandemic began and ways to prevent some of these incidents.

News From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention