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April 20, 2021, Vol 325, No. 15, Pages 1489-1575

This Week in JAMA

Audio Highlights

Abstract Full Text
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JAMA. 2021;325(15):e2017893. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.17893
Original Investigation

Effect of Poloxamer 188 vs Placebo on Painful Vaso-Occlusive Episodes in Children and Adults With Sickle Cell Disease: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Abstract Full Text
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JAMA. 2021;325(15):1513-1523. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.3414

This phase 3 trial examines the effectiveness of poloxamer 188 in reducing the duration of painful vaso-occlusive episodes in children and adults with sickle cell disease compared with placebo.

Four-Month Clinical Status of a Cohort of Patients After Hospitalization for COVID-19

Abstract Full Text
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JAMA. 2021;325(15):1525-1534. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.3331

This French cohort study describes coronavirus disease sequelae at 4 months in patients hospitalized for COVID-19 between March and May 2020, including assessment of respiratory, cognitive, and functional symptoms and test and imaging findings.

Immunogenicity of the Ad26.COV2.S Vaccine for COVID-19

Abstract Full Text
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JAMA. 2021;325(15):1535-1544. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.3645

This randomized trial compares the immunogenicity of a SARS-CoV-2 Ad26.COV2.S vaccine at high vs low vs no dose (placebo) in humans, including the kinetics, magnitude, and phenotype of coronavirus spike-specific humoral and cellular immune responses.

Research Letter

SARS-CoV-2 Positivity on or After 9 Days Among Quarantined Student Contacts of Confirmed Cases

Abstract Full Text
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JAMA. 2021;325(15):1561-1562. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.2392

This study describes coronavirus test positivity rates among elementary, middle, and high school student contacts of confirmed COVID-19 cases in a Florida county where schools required a negative test on day 9 before return to school on day 10.

Acute Allergic Reactions to mRNA COVID-19 Vaccines

Abstract Full Text
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JAMA. 2021;325(15):1562-1565. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.3976

This study examines the incidence of acute allergic reactions to mRNA COVID-19 vaccine administrations in health care employees in Massachusetts.

Viewpoint

CDC Interim Recommendations for Fully Vaccinated People: An Important First Step

Abstract Full Text
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JAMA. 2021;325(15):1501-1502. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.4367

This Viewpoint summarizes CDC activity recommendations for individuals fully vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2 infection, including resumption of low-risk gatherings among vaccinated people and maintenance of public health measures in activities involving unvaccinated people.

Incentivizing Vaccination Uptake: The 鈥淕reen Pass鈥 Proposal in Israel

Abstract Full Text
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JAMA. 2021;325(15):1503-1504. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.4300

This Viewpoint explains the 鈥済reen pass鈥 program in Israel to encourage residents to seek COVID-19 vaccination, with incentives including access to social, cultural, and sports events and gyms, hotels, and restaurants as well as exemption from quarantine after travel or exposure to an individual with SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Precision Dosing: A Clinical and Public Health Imperative

Abstract Full Text
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JAMA. 2021;325(15):1505-1506. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.1004

This Viewpoint describes the concept of precision drug dosing, which would maximize drug benefit and minimize harm for each patient, and reviews the scientific, regulatory, technical, and practical infrastructures that would need to be in place for the idea to become reality in clinical practice settings.

Medications in Single-Dose Vials and Implications of Discarded Injectable Drugs: A National Academies Report

Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2021;325(15):1507-1508. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.2414

This Viewpoint summarizes a 2021 NASEM report that makes policy recommendations to reduce systems inefficiencies that lead to discarded medications in the US, including development of standards to allow safe use of single-dose vials across multiple patients, and use of payment models to reimburse treatment episodes rather than drug vial volume or cost.

A Piece of My Mind

Start With All the Little Things

Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2021;325(15):1509-1510. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.4885

In this narrative medicine essay, a pulmonologist learns about process improvement from his father, an engineer, who drew up a list of 50 improvements he noted during his hospitalizations for prostate cancer.

Editorial

Outcomes for Patients Following Hospitalization for COVID-19

Abstract Full Text
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JAMA. 2021;325(15):1511-1512. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.3430
Review

Oral Antiplatelet Therapy After Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Review

Abstract Full Text
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JAMA. 2021;325(15):1545-1555. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.0716

This narrative review summarizes oral antiplatelet therapy and specifically addresses the effects of dual antiplatelet therapy for patients with acute coronary syndrome who have not taken anticoagulants.

JAMA Clinical Guidelines Synopsis

Management of Acute Coronary Syndromes in Patients Without Persistent ST-Segment Elevation

Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2021;325(15):1556-1557. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.2744

This JAMA Clinical Guidelines Synopsis summarizes the European Society of Cardiology鈥檚 2020 recommendations for management of patients with non鈥揝T-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes.

JAMA Clinical Challenge

Recurrent Hematochezia in a Returning Traveler

Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2021;325(15):1558-1559. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.0368

A 28-year-old man who while traveling swam in the upper Nile River in Uganda developed intermittent diarrhea and hematochezia but no vomiting, fever, or weight loss; physical examination and laboratory findings were unremarkable, and colonoscopy with biopsy showed rectal granulomas containing oval-shaped features with lateral spines. What is the diagnosis and what would you do next?

Editor's Note

Poloxamer 188 for Sickle Cell Disease

Abstract Full Text
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JAMA. 2021;325(15):1524. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.3399
Medical News & Perspectives

The Push for Timely Follow-up After Abnormal At-home Colon Cancer Screening Results

Abstract Full Text
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JAMA. 2021;325(15):1492-1493. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.2018

This Medical News article describes a call for guidelines to establish a standard time interval for follow-up colonoscopy after an abnormal fecal test result for colon cancer screening.

Quick Uptakes

Primary Care Health Coaches Help Low-Income Patients Curb Obesity

Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2021;325(15):1494-1495. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.3165

This Medical News article describes a trial of intensive behavioral interventions at primary-care clinics for low-income patients with obesity.

News From the Food and Drug Administration

Pathway Eased for Serial COVID-19 Screening Tests

Abstract Full Text
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JAMA. 2021;325(15):1499. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.5391

Molecular COVID-19 Test Gains First EAU for At-home Use

Abstract Full Text
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JAMA. 2021;325(15):1499. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.5121

Breaks in Ankle Implant Are a Cause for Concern

Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2021;325(15):1499. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.5393
The JAMA Forum

Price Transparency鈥擯romise and Peril

Abstract Full Text
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JAMA. 2021;325(15):1496-1497. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.4640
Global Health

Preventable Vision Loss Affects Millions Globally

Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2021;325(15):1498. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.4494

Costly Hearing Loss Requires Greater Global Attention

Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2021;325(15):1498. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.5498

COVID-19 in Clinicians鈥擬ore Cases in Women, More Deaths in Men

Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA. 2021;325(15):1498. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.5500
Poetry and Medicine

Chopped Liver

Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2021;325(15):1569. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.25300
JAMA Revisited

The Martin Luther of Medical Education

Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2021;325(15):1570. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.17894
JAMA Patient Page

Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infections

Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA. 2021;325(15):1574. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.19062

This JAMA Patient Page describes the risk factors, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention measures for nontuberculous mycobacterial infections.

The Johnson & Johnson Vaccine for COVID-19

Abstract Full Text
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JAMA. 2021;325(15):1575. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.2927

This JAMA Patient Page explains how the Johnson & Johnson COVID-19 vaccine, likely to be the third SARS-CoV-2 vaccine approved for widespread use, uses an adenovirus 26 vector to deliver coronavirus DNA to host cells to produce spike proteins and safely and effectively induce immunity.

Comment & Response

Fractional Flow Reserve Treatment and Major Adverse Cardiac Events in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease

Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2021;325(15):1565. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.1435

Fractional Flow Reserve Treatment and Major Adverse Cardiac Events in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease鈥擱eply

Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2021;325(15):1565-1566. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.1441

Quantifying the Effect of Lower vs Higher Positive End-Expiratory Pressure on Ventilator-Free Survival in ICU Patients

Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2021;325(15):1566-1567. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.1700

Quantifying the Effect of Lower vs Higher Positive End-Expiratory Pressure on Ventilator-Free Survival in ICU Patients鈥擱eply

Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2021;325(15):1567-1568. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.1703
Correction

Omitted Decimal Point

Abstract Full Text
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JAMA. 2021;325(15):1568. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.4833
JAMA Masthead

JAMA

Abstract Full Text
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JAMA. 2021;325(15):1489-1490. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.17891
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