October 10, 2017 Issue of JAMA

October 10, 2017, Vol 318, No. 14, Pages 1297-1406

This Week in JAMA

Highlights

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2017;318(14):1297-1299. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.13344

Podcast: ARDS ventilation strategies, perioperative management of high-risk patients, predicting infertility, and more.

Original Investigation

Caring for the Critically Ill Patient

Effect of Lung Recruitment and Titrated Positive End-Expiratory Pressure (PEEP) vs Low PEEP on Mortality in Patients With Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Writing Group for the Alveolar Recruitment for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Trial (ART) Investigators

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2017;318(14):1335-1345. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.14171

This randomized trial compares the effects of ventilator lung recruitment using PEEP titration vs a conventional low-PEEP strategy on 28-day mortality in patients with moderate to severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).

Video: Effects on Mortality of a Lung Recruitment Ventilation Strategy Using Titrated vs Low PEEP in Patients With ARDS

Editorial
Lung Recruitment and Titrated PEEP in Moderate to Severe ARDS: Is the Door Closing on the Open Lung?
Sarina K. Sahetya, MD; Roy G. Brower, MD

JAMA
- Video: Effects on Mortality of a Lung Recruitment Ventilation Strategy Using Titrated vs Low PEEP in Patients With ARDS

Caring for the Critically Ill Patient

Effect of Individualized vs Standard Blood Pressure Management Strategies on Postoperative Organ Dysfunction Among High-Risk Patients Undergoing Major Surgery: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Emmanuel Futier, MD, PhD; Jean-Yves Lefrant, MD, PhD; Pierre-Gregoire Guinot, MD, PhD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2017;318(14):1346-1357. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.14172

This randomized clinical trial compares the effects of an individualized blood pressure management strategy vs standard blood pressure management strategy on postoperative organ dysfunction among high-risk patients undergoing major surgery.

Editorial
Perioperative Management of High-Risk Patients: Going Beyond 鈥淎void Hypoxia and Hypotension鈥�
Solomon Aronson, MD, MBA; Monty G. Mythen, MBBS, MD, FRCA, FFICM, FCAI (Hon)

JAMA

Association of Insulin Pump Therapy vs Insulin Injection Therapy With Severe Hypoglycemia, Ketoacidosis, and Glycemic Control Among Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults With Type 1 Diabetes

Beate Karges, MD; Anke Schwandt, MS; Bettina Heidtmann, MD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2017;318(14):1358-1366. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.13994

This population-based cohort study compares rates of severe hypoglycemia and diabetic ketoacidosis among children, adolescents, and young adults with type 1 diabetes managed with insulin pump therapy vs insulin injection therapy.

Association Between Biomarkers of Ovarian Reserve and Infertility Among Older Women of Reproductive Age

Anne Z. Steiner, MD, MPH; David Pritchard, MS; Frank Z. Stanczyk, PhD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2017;318(14):1367-1376. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.14588

This cohort study investigates associations between biomarkers of ovarian reserve and reproductive potential among women of late reproductive age.

Editorial
Using Antim眉llerian Hormone to Predict Fertility
Nanette Santoro, MD

JAMA

Research Letter

Effects of Behavioral Interventions on Inappropriate Antibiotic Prescribing in Primary Care 12 Months After Stopping Interventions

Jeffrey A. Linder, MD, MPH; Daniella Meeker, PhD; Craig R. Fox, PhD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2017;318(14):1391-1392. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.11152

This study examines assesses inappropriate antibiotic prescribing 12 months after stopping a randomized clinical trial of a behavioral intervention intended to reduce the rate of inappropriate antibiotic prescribing for acute respiratory infections.

Viewpoint

Flawed Theories to Explain Child Physical Abuse: What Are the Medical-Legal Consequences?

John M. Leventhal, MD; George A. Edwards, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2017;318(14):1317-1318. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.11703

This Viewpoint urges the use of clinical judgment and evidence-based standards when evaluating or testifying about child abuse injuries in light of a rise in unsubstantiated theories (such as vitamin D deficiency) that discount abuse as a cause of those injuries.

Cybersecurity鈥擜 Serious Patient Care Concern

Mark P. Jarrett, MD, MBA, MS

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2017;318(14):1319-1320. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.11986

This Viewpoint discusses efforts by the health care industry to safeguard patient information from cyber attacks.

Advancing the Research Mission in a Time of Mergers and Acquisitions

Paul J. Hauptman, MD; Richard J. Bookman, PhD; Stephen Heinig, MA

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2017;318(14):1321-1322. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.11812

This Viewpoint discusses the risks posed by the merging of academic medical centers (AMCs) with nonacademic hospital networks and health systems to AMC investigators and the research enterprise.

Is Cognitive Behavioral Therapy the Gold Standard for Psychotherapy?The Need for Plurality in Treatment and Research

Falk Leichsenring, DSc; Christiane Steinert, PhD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2017;318(14):1323-1324. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.13737

This Viewpoint reviews recent research findings questioning the status of cognitive behavioral therapy as the gold standard for treating mental disorders.

A Piece of My Mind

Global Health: What鈥檚 in It for Us?

Satish Gopal, MD, MPH

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2017;318(14):1325-1326. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.13203

Editorial

Lung Recruitment and Titrated PEEP in Moderate to Severe ARDS: Is the Door Closing on the Open Lung?

Sarina K. Sahetya, MD; Roy G. Brower, MD

Abstract Full Text

has multimedia

JAMA. 2017;318(14):1327-1329. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.13695

Video: Effects on Mortality of a Lung Recruitment Ventilation Strategy Using Titrated vs Low PEEP in Patients With ARDS

Perioperative Management of High-Risk Patients: Going Beyond 鈥淎void Hypoxia and Hypotension鈥�

Solomon Aronson, MD, MBA; Monty G. Mythen, MBBS, MD, FRCA, FFICM, FCAI (Hon)

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2017;318(14):1330-1332. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.13699

Using Antim眉llerian Hormone to Predict Fertility

Nanette Santoro, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2017;318(14):1333-1334. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.14954

Users' Guides to the Medical Literature

Discrimination and Calibration of Clinical Prediction Models: Users鈥� Guides to the Medical Literature

Ana Carolina Alba, MD, PhD; Thomas Agoritsas, MD, PhD; Michael Walsh, MD, PhD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2017;318(14):1377-1384. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.12126

This Users鈥� Guide to the Medical Literature discusses discrimination and calibration, 2 primary ways to measure and compare the accuracy of clinical risk prediction models.

JAMAevidence: Users' Guides to the Medical Literature: Discrimination and Calibration of Clinical Prediction Models With Dr Alba

JAMA Guide to Statistics and Methods

Gatekeeping Strategies for Avoiding False-Positive Results in Clinical Trials With Many Comparisons

Kabir Yadav, MDCM, MS, MSHS; Roger J. Lewis, MD, PhD

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2017;318(14):1385-1386. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.13276

The thing

Podcast: JAMA Guide to Statistics and Methods

JAMA Clinical Guidelines Synopsis

Management of a Diabetic Foot

Theodore Hart, MD; Ross Milner, MD; Adam Cifu, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2017;318(14):1387-1388. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.11700

This JAMA Clinical Guidelines Synopsis summarizes the 2016 practice guideline on management of diabetic foot sponsored by the Society for Vascular Surgery in collaboration with the American Podiatric Medical Association and the Society for Vascular Medicine.

Medical News & Perspectives

New Toolkits Help Physicians Detect, Diagnose, and Manage Dementia

Judith Graham

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2017;318(14):1310-1312. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.13627

This Medical News story discusses 2 new toolkits aimed at helping primary care physicians detect, diagnose, and manage dementia in patients.

The JAMA Forum

Science and the Trump Administration

Joshua M. Sharfstein, MD

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2017;318(14):1312-1313. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.14813

News From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

As Heroin Death Rates Rose, So Did Illicit Drug Seizures

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2017;318(14):1315. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.14433

Virgin Islands鈥� Zika Awareness

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2017;318(14):1315. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.14435

Biotech Innovations

Skin-like Wearable Health Monitors

Jennifer Abbasi

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2017;318(14):1314. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.14440

Rapid Test for Antibiotic Susceptibility

Jennifer Abbasi

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2017;318(14):1314. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.15190

A Retinal Scan for Alzheimer Disease

Jennifer Abbasi

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2017;318(14):1314. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.15192

The Arts and Medicine

Black Women in Medicine鈥擜 Documentary

Kimberly D. Manning, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2017;318(14):1306-1307. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.11551

This Arts and Medicine essay reviews the 2016 independent feature film Black Women in Medicine, which chronicles the experiences of African American US female physicians.

Poetry and Medicine