June 6, 2017 Issue of JAMA

June 6, 2017, Vol 317, No. 21, Pages 2145-2248

This Week in JAMA

Highlights

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2017;317(21):2145-2147. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.13152

Podcast: Home ventilation for COPD, accuracy of physician survival predictions, HIV interventions in Africa, and more

Original Investigation

Effect of Home Noninvasive Ventilation With Oxygen Therapy vs Oxygen Therapy Alone on Hospital Readmission or Death After an Acute COPD Exacerbation: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Patrick B. Murphy, PhD; Sunita Rehal, MSc; Gill Arbane, BSc (Hons); et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2017;317(21):2177-2186. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.4451

This randomized clinical trial compares the effects of home oxygen therapy with vs without home noninvasive ventilation (NIV) on time to readmission or death in patients with persistent hypercapnia after an acute chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbation.

Editorial
Home Noninvasive Ventilation to Reduce Readmissions for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Nicholas S. Hill, MD; Aylin Ozsancak Ugurlu, MD

JAMA

Caring for the Critically Ill Patient

Discriminative Accuracy of Physician and Nurse Predictions for Survival and Functional Outcomes 6 Months After an ICU Admission

Michael E. Detsky, MD, MSHP; Michael O. Harhay, PhD, MPH; Dominique F. Bayard, MD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2017;317(21):2187-2195. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.4078

This study assesses the 6-month discriminative accuracy of patient mortality and functional outcome predictions made by intensive care unit (ICU) physicians and nurses at the time of ICU admission.

Editorial
Making Recommendations for Limiting Care in the ICU Based on Sound Prognosis
Jesse B. Hall, MD

JAMA

Association of Implementation of a Universal Testing and Treatment Intervention With HIV Diagnosis, Receipt of Antiretroviral Therapy, and Viral Suppression in East Africa

Maya Petersen, MD, PhD; Laura Balzer, PhD; Dalsone Kwarsiima, MBChB, MPH; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2017;317(21):2196-2206. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.5705

This analysis examines intervention communities in rural Uganda and Kenya in an ongoing cluster randomized trial to assess the change in the proportions of HIV-positive residents diagnosed with HIV, treated with ART, and achieving HIV viral suppression.

Editorial
Progress Toward Achieving UNAIDS 90-90-90 in Rural Communities in East Africa
Carlos del Rio, MD; Wendy S. Armstrong, MD

JAMA

Association of Gestational Weight Gain With Maternal and Infant Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Rebecca F. Goldstein, MBBS, FRACP; Sally K. Abell, MBBS, FRACP; Sanjeeva Ranasinha, MSc, MEpi; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2017;317(21):2207-2225. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.3635

This meta-analysis evaluates associations between gestational weight gain above or below the Institute of Medicine guidelines and maternal and infant outcomes including size for gestational age, preterm birth, cesarean delivery, and gestational diabetes mellitus.

Editorial
Gestational Weight Gain and Outcomes for Mothers and Infants
Aaron B. Caughey, MD, PhD

JAMA

Research Letter

Trends in Use of the US Medicare Annual Wellness Visit, 2011-2014

Ishani Ganguli, MD, MPH; Jeffrey Souza, MA; J. Michael McWilliams, MD, PhD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2017;317(21):2233-2235. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.4342

This study uses Medicare claims data to describe the use of annual wellness visits among Medicare beneficiaries in the United States from 2011 through 2014.

Distribution of Physicians With H-1B Visas By State and Sponsoring Employer

Peter A. Kahn, MPH, ThM; Tova M. Gardin, MPP

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2017;317(21):2235-2237. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.4877

This study describes the number of H-1B visa physician applications and active care H-1B visa applications physicians by state and employer in 2016.

Viewpoint

Breaking the Rules for Better Care

Donald M. Berwick, MD, MPP; Saranya Loehrer, MD, MPH; Christina Gunther-Murphy, MBA

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2017;317(21):2161-2162. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.4703

This Viewpoint summarizes rules in health care organizations that their own leaders identified as ones that contribute little or no value to care, impede the work of clinicians, frustrate patients and families, and waste time and resources.

Obstacles to the Adoption of Biosimilars for Chronic Diseases

Aaron Hakim, MS; Joseph S. Ross, MD, MHS

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2017;317(21):2163-2164. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.5202

This Viewpoint explores why biosimilars for chronic diseases, the largest category of biological therapies, are unlikely to yield cost savings.

A Piece of My Mind

It鈥檚 a Beautiful Thing

Shaurya Taran, MD; Allan S. Detsky, MD, PhD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2017;317(21):2165-2166. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.3102

Editorial

Home Noninvasive Ventilation to Reduce Readmissions for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Nicholas S. Hill, MD; Aylin Ozsancak Ugurlu, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2017;317(21):2167-2169. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.5226

Making Recommendations for Limiting Care in the ICU Based on Sound Prognosis

Jesse B. Hall, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2017;317(21):2170-2171. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.4327

Progress Toward Achieving UNAIDS 90-90-90 in Rural Communities in East Africa

Carlos del Rio, MD; Wendy S. Armstrong, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2017;317(21):2172-2174. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.5704

Gestational Weight Gain and Outcomes for Mothers and Infants

Aaron B. Caughey, MD, PhD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2017;317(21):2175-2176. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.6265

From the 糖心vlog

Dietary Intake of Omega-3 Fatty Acids From Fish and Risk of Diabetic Retinopathy

Emily Y. Chew, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2017;317(21):2226-2227. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.1926

This commentary discusses an observational study within a randomized clinical trial published in JAMA Ophthalmology that found intake of at least 500 mg/d of dietary long-chain 蠅-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (2 weekly servings of oily fish) is associated with a decreased risk of sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy among middle-aged and older individuals with type 2 diabetes.

JAMA Diagnostic Test Interpretation

JAK2 V617F Mutation Testing in Patients Presenting With Hepatic and Portal Vein Thrombosis

Charles Elliott Foucar, MD; Brady Lee Stein, MD, MHS

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2017;317(21):2228-2229. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.2329

A 27-year-old woman with pain in the right upper quadrant underwent a laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Lab tests were positive for JAK2 V617F, confirming the presence of clonal hematopoiesis. How would you proceed?

From The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics

Prevention of Migraine

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2017;317(21):2230-2231. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.1680

This Medical Letter review summarizes classes of drugs and other treatments approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the prevention of migraine.

Medical News & Perspectives