April 11, 2017 Issue of JAMA

April 11, 2017, Vol 317, No. 14, Pages 1391-1490

This Week in JAMA

Highlights

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2017;317(14):1391-1393. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.13075

Podcast: Norepinephrine shortage and sepsis mortality, vascular risk factors and dementia risk, spinal manipulation for acute low back pain, and more

Original Investigation

Caring for the Critically Ill Patient

Association Between US Norepinephrine Shortage and Mortality Among Patients With Septic Shock

Emily Vail, MD; Hayley B. Gershengorn, MD; May Hua, MD, MSc; et al.

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JAMA. 2017;317(14):1433-1442. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.2841

This cohort study evaluated whether a national shortage of norepinephrine in the United States in 2011 was associated with increased mortality among adults with septic shock.

Editorial
National Shortages of Generic Sterile Injectable Drugs: Norepinephrine as a Case Study of Potential Harm
Julie M. Donohue, PhD; Derek C. Angus, MD, MPH

JAMA

Association Between Midlife Vascular Risk Factors and Estimated Brain Amyloid Deposition

Rebecca F. Gottesman, MD, PhD; Andrea L. C. Schneider, MD, PhD; Yun Zhou, PhD; et al.

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JAMA. 2017;317(14):1443-1450. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.3090

This cohort study investigates associations between vascular risk factors in midlife and late-life positron emission tomography鈥搈easured brain amyloid deposition.

Association of Spinal Manipulative Therapy With Clinical Benefit and Harm for Acute Low Back Pain: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Neil M. Paige, MD, MSHS; Isomi M. Miake-Lye, BA; Marika Suttorp Booth, MS; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2017;317(14):1451-1460. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.3086

This meta-analysis summarizes the effectiveness and harms of spinal manipulative therapy for acute (鈮�6 weeks) low back pain.

Editorial
The Role of Spinal Manipulation in the Treatment of Low Back Pain
Richard A. Deyo, MD, MPH

JAMA

Preliminary Communication

Caring for the Critically Ill Patient

Effect of Intensive vs Moderate Alveolar Recruitment Strategies Added to Lung-Protective Ventilation on Postoperative Pulmonary Complications: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Alcino Costa Leme, RRT, PhD; Ludhmila Abrahao Hajjar, MD, PhD; Marcia S. Volpe, MS, RRT, PhD; et al.

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2017;317(14):1422-1432. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.2297

This randomized clinical trial compares the effects of adding an intensive vs moderate alveolar recruitment strategy to protective ventilation on the number and severity of pulmonary complications following cardiac surgery.

Editorial
Optimizing the Settings on the Ventilator: High PEEP for All?
Ary Serpa Neto, MD, MSc, PhD; Marcus J. Schultz, MD, PhD

JAMA

Research Letter

Potential Number of Organ Donors After Euthanasia in Belgium

Jan Bollen, LLM, MD; Tim van Smaalen, MD; Rankie ten Hoopen, JSD; et al.

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JAMA. 2017;317(14):1476-1477. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.0729

This study estimates the number of patients undergoing euthanasia in Belgium who could potentially donate at least 1 organ.

Special Communication

Vital Directions for Health and Health Care: Priorities From a National Academy of Medicine Initiative

Victor J. Dzau, MD; Mark B. McClellan, MD, PhD; J. Michael McGinnis, MD, MPP; et al.

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JAMA. 2017;317(14):1461-1470. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.1964

In this Special Communication, the president of the National Academy of Medicine (NAM) and colleagues describe the findings of NAM鈥檚 2016 Vital Directions for Health and Health Care initiative, which convened experts and opinion leaders to identify infrastructure and policy priorities essential to improving health and health care in the United States.

Editorial
Vital Directions and National Will
Donald M. Berwick, MD

JAMA

Viewpoint

The Risk of Expanding the Uninsured Population by Repealing the Affordable Care Act

Adam E. M. Eltorai, MSc; Mahmoud I. Eltorai, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2017;317(14):1407-1408. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.2042

This Viewpoint discusses the risk of expanding the uninsured population by repealing the Affordable Care Act.

Achieving Universal Coverage Without Turning to a Single Payer: Lessons From 3 Other Countries

Regina E. Herzlinger, DBA; Barak D. Richman, JD, PhD; Richard J. Boxer, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2017;317(14):1409-1410. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.1475

This Viewpoint references national health insurance mandates in Switzerland, Singapore, and Germany as examples of how to achieve universal health care coverage with private-sector insurance systems.

A Piece of My Mind

The Evidence-Based Metaphor

Brit Trogen, MS

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2017;317(14):1411-1412. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.17219

Editorial

Optimizing the Settings on the Ventilator: High PEEP for All?

Ary Serpa Neto, MD, MSc, PhD; Marcus J. Schultz, MD, PhD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2017;317(14):1413-1414. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.2570

National Shortages of Generic Sterile Injectable Drugs: Norepinephrine as a Case Study of Potential Harm

Julie M. Donohue, PhD; Derek C. Angus, MD, MPH

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2017;317(14):1415-1417. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.2826

The Role of Spinal Manipulation in the Treatment of Low Back Pain

Richard A. Deyo, MD, MPH

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2017;317(14):1418-1419. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.3085

Vital Directions and National Will

Donald M. Berwick, MD

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA. 2017;317(14):1420-1421. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.2962

JAMA Clinical Challenge

Acute Anuric Renal Failure in an 80-Year-Old Man

Keith C. Summa, MD, PhD; Bijal Jain, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2017;317(14):1471-1472. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.0704

An 80-year-old man with stage 4 chronic kidney disease, 2 days of anuria, and an elevated serum 魏 to 位 free light chain ratio had a bone marrow biopsy that stained positive for the plasma cell marker CD138. What would you do next?

From The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics

Lifitegrast (Xiidra) for Dry Eye Disease

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2017;317(14):1473-1474. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.12872

This Medical Letter review summarizes the mechanism of action, adverse effects, and prescribing information for lifitegrast, a lymphocyte function鈥揳ssociated antigen-1 antagonist approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for treatment of dry eye disease.

Medical News & Perspectives

Barry Marshall, MD: H pylori 35 Years Later

Jennifer Abbasi

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JAMA. 2017;317(14):1400-1402. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.2629

This Medical News article is an interview with Barry Marshall, MD, who codiscovered the stomach bug H pylori in 1982.

Podcast: Barry Marshall, MD: H pylori 35 Years Later

The JAMA Forum

Politics, Policy, and Medicaid Reform

Gail Wilensky, PhD

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JAMA. 2017;317(14):1402-1403. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.2836

News From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention

Asbestos Exposure Still Poses Occupational Health Risks

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2017;317(14):1405. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.2935

Cancer Screenings Lag Behind National Goals Set for 2020

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JAMA. 2017;317(14):1405. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.3178

Capitol Health Call

Congress Urged to Promote Immunization

Jeff Lyon

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2017;317(14):1404. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.3203

Vets Still Face Challenges in Receiving Timely Medical Care

Jeff Lyon

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2017;317(14):1404. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.3569

Concern Over Family Planning Clinics

Jeff Lyon

Abstract Full Text

JAMA. 2017;317(14):1404. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.3571

The Arts and Medicine

Homecoming鈥擳he Podcast

David M. Benedek, MD; Gary H. Wynn, MD; Robert J. Ursano, MD

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JAMA. 2017;317(14):1398-1399. doi:10.1001/jama.2017.3031

This Arts and Medicine essay discusses Homecoming, a serial podcast psychological drama that tells the story of combat soldiers dealing with the effects of war and PTSD in a mysterious government rehabilitation program.