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November 2024 - July 1883

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February 18, 2020, Vol 323, No. 7, Pages 587-676

This Week in JAMA

Audio Highlights

Abstract Full Text
free access online only has audio
JAMA. 2020;323(7):e200009. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.0009
Original Investigation

Caring for the Critically Ill Patient

Effect of Stress Ulcer Prophylaxis With Proton Pump Inhibitors vs Histamine-2 Receptor Blockers on In-Hospital Mortality Among ICU Patients Receiving Invasive Mechanical Ventilation: The PEPTIC Randomized Clinical Trial

Abstract Full Text
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JAMA. 2020;323(7):616-626. doi:10.1001/jama.2019.22190

This cluster randomized trial compares the effects of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) vs histamine-2 receptor blockers (H2RBs) on 90-day mortality among patients requiring invasive mechanical ventilation within 24 hours of admission to the intensive care unit (ICU).

Predictive Accuracy of a Polygenic Risk Score Compared With a Clinical Risk Score for Incident Coronary Heart Disease

Abstract Full Text
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JAMA. 2020;323(7):627-635. doi:10.1001/jama.2019.21782

This pooled cohort involving US adults with white European ancestry compares the accuracy of a polygenic risk score vs 2013 ACC/AHA pooled cohort equations for predicting 10-year risk of coronary heart disease.

Predictive Accuracy of a Polygenic Risk Score–Enhanced Prediction Model vs a Clinical Risk Score for Coronary Artery Disease

Abstract Full Text
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JAMA. 2020;323(7):636-645. doi:10.1001/jama.2019.22241

This study uses UK Biobank data to examine whether adding polygenic risk information to the pooled cohort equations improves the accuracy of risk prediction for coronary artery disease (CAD).

Association Between Genetically Proxied Inhibition of HMG-CoA Reductase and Epithelial Ovarian Cancer

Abstract Full Text
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JAMA. 2020;323(7):646-655. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.0150

This study uses mendelian randomization to estimate the associations between genetic variants related to reduced HMG-CoA reductase activity and epithelial ovarian cancer in the general population and in BRCA1/2 mutation carriers.

Research Letter

Private Equity Acquisitions of Physician Medical Groups Across Specialties, 2013-2016

Abstract Full Text
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JAMA. 2020;323(7):663-665. doi:10.1001/jama.2019.21844

This study characterizes practice characteristics and specialties of physicians and medical groups acquired by private equity firms between 2013 and 2016.

Viewpoint

Ethical and Legal Aspects of Ambient Intelligence in Hospitals

Abstract Full Text
has audio
JAMA. 2020;323(7):601-602. doi:10.1001/jama.2019.21699

This Viewpoint reviews the ethical and legal implications of using ambient intelligence, the use of artificial intelligence–based technologies to monitor health care and quality measures like handwashing and patient falls in health care setting.

Incidental Imaging Findings in Clinical Trials

Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2020;323(7):603-604. doi:10.1001/jama.2019.21813

This Viewpoint characterizes incidental radiographic findings from clinical trial–related imaging as an underrecognized potential harm of trial participation and proposes practices and standards to more systematically include them as a trial safety end point.

The Use and Misuse of Transparency in Research: Science and Rulemaking at the Environmental Protection Agency

Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2020;323(7):605-606. doi:10.1001/jama.2019.22026

This Viewpoint discusses the 2019 proposed rule at the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) requiring data underlying regulations to be publicly available for independent validation in the context of 2019 NASEM standards for reproducibility, suggesting that the proposal misinterprets those standards to give policy opponents greater latitude to question the EPA’s rationale for new rules and thereby hamper rulemaking.

Evolving Issues in Oxygen Therapy in Acute Care Medicine

Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2020;323(7):607-608. doi:10.1001/jama.2019.22029

This Viewpoint reviews the accumulating evidence about the harms of hypoxia and hyperoxemia and cautions against indiscriminate oxygen use for most acute conditions.

A Piece of My Mind

Finding Faith

Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2020;323(7):609-610. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.0580

In this narrative medicine essay, a pediatric palliative oncologist meditates on the intersection of faith and medicine and of varying expressions of spirituality in the face of abject pain and suffering among her pediatric patients with cancer.

Editorial

Proton Pump Inhibitors vs Histamine-2 Receptor Blockers for Stress Ulcer Prophylaxis in Critically Ill Patients: Issues of Interpretability in Pragmatic Trials

Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2020;323(7):611-613. doi:10.1001/jama.2019.22436

Do Polygenic Risk Scores Improve Patient Selection for Prevention of Coronary Artery Disease?

Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2020;323(7):614-615. doi:10.1001/jama.2019.21667
JAMA Insights

Clinical Update

First-line Psychotherapies for Military-Related PTSD

Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2020;323(7):656-657. doi:10.1001/jama.2019.20825

This JAMA Insights Clinical Update reviews psychotherapy treatments for military-related posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and discusses that psychotherapies do not outperform non–trauma-focused interventions and that attention should be paid to managing nonresponse to treatment, addressing posttreatment residual symptoms, and identifying patients with complex presentations who likely require individualized treatment.

Women's Health

Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections in Adult Women

Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2020;323(7):658-659. doi:10.1001/jama.2019.21377

This JAMA Insights summarizes prevention and management recommendations for women with recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) and proposes individualizing approaches by age and menopausal status, underlying conditions (eg, diabetes), risk of pyelonephritis/sepsis, and patient preferences.

JAMA Clinical Challenge

Dysphagia in a 34-Year-Old Woman

Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2020;323(7):660-661. doi:10.1001/jama.2019.19121

A 34-year-old woman had worsening intermittent retrosternal dysphagia but no heartburn, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, weight loss, or changes in bowel habits; ranitidine (150 mg twice daily) provided no relief. CBC results were normal; esophagogastroduodenoscopy showed esophageal furrows and rings, and esophageal biopsy showed intraepithelial eosinophils. What is the diagnosis and what would you do next?

Medical News & Perspectives

Trauma-Informed Care May Ease Patient Fear, Clinician Burnout

Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2020;323(7):595-597. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.0052

This Medical News article discusses how physicians can take an empathetic approach to caring for patients with a history of trauma.

Quick Uptakes

Concussions Linked With Erectile Dysfunction in Football Player Study

Abstract Full Text
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JAMA. 2020;323(7):597-598. doi:10.1001/jama.2019.21883

This Medical News article discusses a recent JAMA Neurology study that found an association between concussion symptoms and later indicators of erectile dysfunction and low testosterone in former National Football League players.

News From the Food and Drug Administration

FDA Says It Supports Cannabis Drug Development via Regulatory Pathways

Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2020;323(7):600. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.0833

Drug Approved for Rare Mutation in Gastrointestinal Tumor

Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2020;323(7):600. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.0642

FDA Assesses Potential Cancer Risk Associated With Weight Loss Drug

Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2020;323(7):600. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.0834
Global Health

Dial-In Mobile Service Enables Patient Feedback on Community Health Care

Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2020;323(7):599. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.0201

Poor Infection Control Led to Child HIV Outbreak in Pakistan

Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2020;323(7):599. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.0831

Zoonotic Virus Linked to Severe Encephalitis in Southern Germany

Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2020;323(7):599. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.0832
Poetry and Medicine

He Who Keeps Going

Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2020;323(7):671. doi:10.1001/jama.2019.21492
JAMA Revisited

Book Notices

Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2020;323(7):672. doi:10.1001/jama.2019.13312
JAMA Patient Page

Aspirin for Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease

Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA. 2020;323(7):676. doi:10.1001/jama.2019.18425

This JAMA Patient Page describes new guideline recommendations on the use of aspirin for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease.

Comment & Response

Unmeasured Confounding in Observational Studies of Management of Cerebellar Intracranial Hemorrhage

Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2020;323(7):665-666. doi:10.1001/jama.2019.20851

Unmeasured Confounding in Observational Studies of Management of Cerebellar Intracranial Hemorrhage—Reply

Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2020;323(7):666. doi:10.1001/jama.2019.20857

Selepressin for Patients With Septic Shock

Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2020;323(7):667. doi:10.1001/jama.2019.20848

Selepressin for Patients With Septic Shock—Reply

Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2020;323(7):667-668. doi:10.1001/jama.2019.20863

Risk of Offspring Birth Defects in Women After Bariatric Surgery

Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2020;323(7):668. doi:10.1001/jama.2019.20977

Risk of Offspring Birth Defects in Women After Bariatric Surgery—Reply

Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2020;323(7):668-669. doi:10.1001/jama.2019.20980

Error in USPSTF Report on Statin Use

Abstract Full Text
JAMA. 2020;323(7):669. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.0298
Correction

Incorrect Data in Text

Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA. 2020;323(7):669. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.0180

Incorrect Data in Text, Table, Figure, and Supplement

Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA. 2020;323(7):669-670. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.0182

Incorrect Data in Text

Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA. 2020;323(7):670. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.0372

Incorrect Percent Values Reported in Text and Table 1

Abstract Full Text
free access
JAMA. 2020;323(7):670. doi:10.1001/jama.2020.0520
JAMA Masthead

JAMA

Abstract Full Text
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JAMA. 2020;323(7):587-588. doi:10.1001/jama.2019.13305
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