HEALTH POLICY
Caila Brander, MSc; Jessica Nouhavandi, PharmD; Terri-Ann Thompson, PhD
This cross-sectional study describes trends in fulfillment patterns for medication abortion prescriptions from 1 online pharmacy 1 year before to 1 year after the US Supreme Court Dobbs v Jackson Women鈥檚 Health Organization decision.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2434675. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.34675
PUBLIC HEALTH
Elisabeth O鈥橰egan, MMedSc; Lampros Spiliopoulos, MSc; Ingrid Bech Svalgaard, MSc; et al.
This cohort study evaluates the association of SARS-CoV-2 infection with self-reported fatigue and postexertional malaise over time.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2434863. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.34863
PEDIATRICS
Faith Summersett Williams, PhD; Isabella Zaniletti, PhD; Abbey R. Masonbrink, MD, MPH; et al.
This cohort study analyzes changes in pediatric emergency department (ED) visits for substance use before and during the COVID-19 pandemic among youths with chronic medical conditions in the US.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2435059. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.35059
OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
Lyndsey S. Benson, MD, MS; Navya Gunaje, MSPH; Sarah K. Holt, PhD; et al.
This cohort study uses commercial claims data to examine differences in outcomes after early pregnancy loss management with mifepristone plus misoprostol compared with misoprostol alone.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2435906. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.35906
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Invited Commentary
Changing the Landscape of Early Pregnancy Loss Care
Sarita Sonalkar, MD, MPH; Rachel McKean, MD, MPH
JAMA Netw Open
HEALTH INFORMATICS
Murad Alam, MD; Victoria J. Shi, BA; Amanda Maisel-Campbell, MD; et al.
This survey study examines the opinions of US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) panel members regarding the premarket approval process for devices.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2436066. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.36066
ONCOLOGY
Alex Pizzo, MSc; Wendy M. Leisenring, ScD; Kayla L. Stratton, MSc; et al.
This cross-sectional study of adult survivors of childhood cancer examines reported fear of cancer recurrence and associations with chronic health conditions, mental health, and perceived health status.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2436144. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.36144
ONCOLOGY
Sunny Siddique, MPH; Rong Wang, PhD; Faiza Yasin, MD, MHS; et al.
This cohort study examines whether the 2021 US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommendation for colorectal cancer screening among individuals aged 45 to 49 years with average risk was associated with changes in screening uptake.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2436358. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.36358
OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
Isabelle Malhamé, MD; Kara Nerenberg, MD; Kelsey McLaughlin, PhD; et al.
This cohort study investigates whether there is an association between individual subtypes of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and cardiovascular severe maternal morbidity, in addition to overall SMM, in a large, nationally representative sample.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2436478. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.36478
SUBSTANCE USE AND ADDICTION
Rachael K. Ross, PhD; Shodai Inose, MS; Matisyahu Shulman, MD; et al.
This cohort study estimates disparities in doses of opioid agonist medication to treat opioid use disorder among Black, Hispanic, and White patients in 3 clinical trials.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2436612. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.36612
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Invited Commentary
Dosing Inequities in Opioid Use Disorder Treatment Trials
Davida M. Schiff, MD, MSc; Nichole Nidey, PhD; Max Jordan Nguemeni Tiako, MD, MS
JAMA Netw Open
ORTHOPEDICS
Sean Docking, PhD; Zanfina Ademi, PhD; Christian Barton, PhD; et al.
This economic evaluation estimates the lifetime cost-effectiveness of implementing a structured education and therapy program for knee osteoarthritis in Australian adults.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2436715. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.36715
OTOLARYNGOLOGY
Baptiste Grenier, MD; Claudine Berr, MD, PhD; Marcel Goldberg, MD, PhD; et al.
This cohort study examines cognitive function in middle-aged adults with hearing loss, both with and without use of hearing aids.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2436723. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.36723
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Thomas Guttuso Jr, MD; Jingtao Zhu, MA; Gregory E. Wilding, PhD
This randomized clinical trial and subsequent dose-finding study examine the use and dosage of lithium aspartate therapy in patients with neurologic post-COVID condition symptoms of fatigue and cognitive dysfunction.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2436874. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.36874
GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
Jing Cheng, PhD; Carl Gao, PhD; Reeta Ala-Jaakkola, PhD; et al.
This randomized clinical trial evaluates the effect of HN019 supplementation in the management of functional constipation in a Chinese population as determined by complete spontaneous bowel movements per week.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2436888. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.36888
PSYCHIATRY
Anny H. Xiang, PhD; Mayra P. Martinez, MPH; Ting Chow, MPH; et al.
This cohort study assesses changes in the incidence and prevalence of clinically diagnosed depression and anxiety without depression among US children, adolescents, and young adults aged 5 to 22 years from 2017 to 2021.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2436906. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.36906
PUBLIC HEALTH
Lijun Bai, MM; Yunxing Jiang, MM; Kai Wang, BS; et al.
This case-crossover study of patients in China examines the association between short-term increases in air pollution levels and additional risk of hospitalizations for schizophrenia episodes.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2436915. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.36915
NEUROLOGY
Jessica W. Lo, MSc; John D. Crawford, PhD; Darren M. Lipnicki, PhD; et al.
This cohort study evaluates the trajectory of cognitive function before any stroke and after stroke in global cognition and in 4 cognitive domains.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2437133. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.37133
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Invited Commentary
Understanding Cognitive Decline After Stroke in the Acute Setting
Yasmin Sadigh, MSc; Victor Volovici, MD, PhD
JAMA Netw Open
PULMONARY MEDICINE
Olawale Amubieya, MD, PhD; Sam Weigt, MD; Michael Y. Shino, MD; et al.
This cohort study investigates the association of neighborhood fine particulate matter air pollution exposure with death or graft failure among lung transplant recipients.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2437148. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.37148
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Invited Commentary
Air Pollution Exposure at Time of Lung Transplant and Survival: Can We Do Better?
Natalia Belousova, MD; Chung-Wai Chow, MD, PhD
JAMA Netw Open
CARDIOLOGY
David Koeckerling, MD; Rohin K. Reddy, MBBS; Joseph Barker, MBBS; et al.
This meta-analysis assesses the prevalence of ventricular and supraventricular arrhythmias, left ventricular dysfunction, heart failure, myocardial infarction, and death among patients who were treated with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell products.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2437222. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.37222
SUBSTANCE USE AND ADDICTION
Avik Chatterjee, MD, MPH; Emily A. Stewart, BS; Sabrina A. Assoumou, MD, MPH; et al.
This economic evaluation study uses a simulation model to assess clinical and economic outcomes of a statewide shelter-based opioid treatment program among people experiencing homelessness in Massachusetts.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2437233. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.37233
HEALTH POLICY
Huey-Ming Tzeng, PhD; Mukaila A. Raji, MD, MS; Yong Shan, PhD; et al.
This cohort study assesses the association of an incident annual wellness visit with the first diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer disease and related dementias among older adults with Medicare fee-for-service benefits.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2437247. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.37247
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Invited Commentary
Maximizing Early Dementia Detection Through Medicare Annual Wellness Visits
Márlon Juliano Romero Aliberti, MD, PhD; Thiago J. Avelino-Silva, MD, PhD; Claudia Kimie Suemoto, MD, PhD, MSc
JAMA Netw Open
PEDIATRICS
Christina Hartje-Dunn, MD; Kimberlee Gauvreau, ScD; Heather Bastardi, PNP; et al.
This cohort study evaluates the association of socioeconomic status with major adverse transplant events among pediatric heart transplant recipients.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2437255. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.37255
PUBLIC HEALTH
Margaret B. Nolan, MD, MS; Ella Chrenka, MS; Malini B. DeSilva, MD, MPH
This cohort study evaluates whether time to COVID-19 vaccine uptake differs by primary language and country of origin among patients in a health care system serving Minnesota and western Wisconsin.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2437388. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.37388
ONCOLOGY
Jonas Gjesvik, MSc; Nataliia Moshina, MD, PhD; Christoph I. Lee, MD, MS; et al.
This cohort study examines whether a commercial artificial intelligence algorithm for breast cancer detection could estimate the development of cancer years before diagnosis.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2437402. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.37402
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Brittany J. Lehrer, MD, MPH; Glodi Mutamba, MD, MPH; Katie A. Thure, MD, MPH; et al.
This cross-sectional study examines the factors associated with optimal antibiotic choice, duration, and both choice and duration among outpatients younger than 20 years in Tennessee.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2437409. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.37409
PUBLIC HEALTH
Tamara Schroeder, MD; Mukoso N. Ozieh, MD, MSCR; Abigail Thorgerson, MPH; et al.
This cross-sectional study examines the independent associations of social risk factor domains with odds of receiving preventive care services among US adults.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2437492. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.37492
PUBLIC HEALTH
Alhaji Cherif, PhD; Olga Ovcinnikova, MS; Cody Palmer, PhD; et al.
This economic evaluation assesses the lifetime outcomes, costs, and cost-effectiveness of integrating peritreatment 9-valent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination into posttreatment surveillance for patients surgically treated for high-risk cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) in the UK.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2437703. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.37703
ONCOLOGY
David Chen, BMSc; Ryan S. Huang, MSc; Jane Jomy, MSc; et al.
This cross-sectional study assesses the ability of unimodal and multimodal artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots to generate medically accurate responses to questions about clinical oncology cases.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2437711. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.37711
PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION
Rebecca M. Bollinger, OTD; Melissa J. Krauss, MPH; Emily K. Somerville, OTD; et al.
This randomized clinical trial of stroke survivors compares the efficacy of a rehabilitation transition program with attentional control to improve community participation.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2437758. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.37758
CARDIOLOGY
Janica A. Adams, MSc; Cara Spence, PhD; Esfandiar Shojaei, MD; et al.
This cohort study examines the clinical characteristics and outcomes of infective endocarditis among women who inject drugs.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2437861. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.37861
ONCOLOGY
Amir Goldkorn, MD; Catherine Tangen, DrPH; Melissa Plets, MS; et al.
This prognostic study examines the prognostic value of circulating tumor cell count in patients with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC).
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2437871. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.37871
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Maheen Z. Abidi, MD; Rocio Lopez, MS; Susana Arrigain, MA; et al.
This cross-sectional study compares cytomegalovirus (CMV) seroprevalence across solid organ transplant recipients at the time of transplant, assesses the the association of recipient characteristics with CMV seropositivity, and investigates associations between area-level social deprivation and the risk of CMV seropositivity among solid organ transplant recipients.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2437878. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.37878
PUBLIC HEALTH
Julie Ayre, PhD; Carissa Bonner, PhD; Danielle M. Muscat, PhD; et al.
This randomized clinical trial investigates whether an online text editing tool is effective in helping health information providers simplify written health information according to health literacy and plain language guidelines.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2437955. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.37955
ONCOLOGY
Matthew Kulchycki, MD; Henry Ratul Halder, MSc; Nicole Askin, MLIS; et al.
This systematic review and meta-analysis examines the association between aerobic physical activity and depression severity among patients with cancer.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2437964. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.37964
ONCOLOGY
Alex P. Sanchez-Covarrubias, MD, MSc; Maurice J. Chery, MD; Priscilla Barreto-Coehlo, MD; et al.
This cross-sectional study examines changes over 4 decades in factors related to reproduction in women in Caribbean countries with a diagnosis of invasive breast cancer.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2438091. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.38091
SUBSTANCE USE AND ADDICTION
Tessa L. Steel, MD, MPH; Theresa E. Matson, PhD, MPH; Kevin A. Hallgren, PhD; et al.
This cohort study evaluates the incidence of hospitalizations involving alcohol withdrawal syndrome among adult primary care patients.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2438128. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.38128
HEALTH POLICY
Emna Bakillah, MD; Sean Harbison, MD, MSEd; Francis E. Rosato, MD; et al.
This pilot randomized clinical trial compares the effectiveness of telemedicine consultation with in-person visits and the association of scheduling navigation assistance vs no assistance with improving access to elective outpatient surgical care among socially vulnerable adults with symptomatic cholelithiasis.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2438137. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.38137
PSYCHIATRY
Fuchiang Tsui, PhD; Victor M. Ruiz, PhD; Neal D. Ryan, MD; et al.
This cohort study compares performance of the 13-item Patient Health Questionnaire鈥�9 (PHQ-9) modified for teens and the 9-item PHQ-9 for subsequent first suicide attempt within 1 year of screening among US adolescents aged 12 to 17 years.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2438144. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.38144
PHARMACY AND CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
Carolyn E. Cesta, PhD; Johan Reutfors, MD, PhD; Jacqueline M. Cohen, PhD; et al.
This cohort study investigates the association of discontinuing selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) or serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) during pregnancy with postpartum psychiatric outcomes and sick leave absence after childbirth among women in Sweden.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2438269. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.38269
PSYCHIATRY
Kester B. B. Tindi, MSc, MPH; Allan Kalungi, PhD; Eugene Kinyanda, PhD; et al.
This case-control study evaluates the prevalence of and factors associated with psychological distress among an ethnically diverse population of individuals from Eastern and Southern Africa.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2438304. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.38304
CARDIOLOGY
Britton Scheuermann, MS; Alexandra Brown, PhD; Trenton Colburn, PhD; et al.
This prognostic study assesses the prognostic capabilities, calibration, and discrimination of the American Heart Association鈥檚 Predicting Risk of Cardiovascular Disease Events (PREVENT) equations using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999 to 2010 data cycles.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2438311. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.38311
HEALTH POLICY
Andrew Quanbeck, PhD; James Robinson, PhD; Nora Jacobson, PhD; et al.
This cluster randomized clinical trial tests a multilevel deimplementation strategy consisting of system-level educational meetings with audit and feedback reports, clinic-level practice facilitation, and prescriber peer consulting to treat patients prescribed opioids for pain management.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2438325. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.38325
GERIATRICS
Andrew R. Zullo, PharmD, PhD; Melissa R. Riester, PharmD; Adam M. D鈥橝mico, MPH; et al.
This cohort study quantifies use of and changes in potentially driver-impairing medications (benzodiazepines, nonbenzodiazepine hypnotics, and opioid analgesics) among older adults before and after a motor vehicle crash.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2438338. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.38338
PSYCHIATRY
Annabelle M. Mournet, MS; John K. Kellerman, MS; Roscoe C. Garner, BA; et al.
This cross-sectional study characterizes the associations of transgender or gender-nonconforming identity and autism with suicidal thoughts and behaviors among a large, nationally representative sample of US college students.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2438345. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.38345
MEDICAL EDUCATION
Stijn A. A. Massar, PhD; Xin Yu Chua, BSocSci; Ruth Leong, PhD; et al.
This cohort study evaluates sleep, well-being, and cognition between interns working irregular, extended shifts and those working a more regular schedule with restricted hours.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2438350. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.38350
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Editorial
Sleep and Wellness in Residency鈥擡mbracing the Shift
Bharati Prasad, MD, MS; Vineet M. Arora, MD, MAPP
JAMA Netw Open
PSYCHIATRY
Aleksi Hamina, PhD (Pharm); Heidi Taipale, PhD (Pharm); Johannes Lieslehto, MD, PhD; et al.
This comparative effectiveness research study examines whether different antipsychotics differ in their effectiveness compared with oral olanzapine to prevent relapse and treatment failure in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2438358. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.38358
PSYCHIATRY
Dong Yun Lee, MD; Chungsoo Kim, PharmD, PhD; Yunmi Shin, MD; et al.
This cohort study assesses 17 outcomes associated with use of combined methylphenidate with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and depressive disorder.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2438398. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.38398
PUBLIC HEALTH
Derek Miketinas, PhD, RD; Hanqi Luo, PhD; Josh A. Firth, PhD; et al.
This cross-sectional study uses data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey to describe secular trends in nutrient intake from foods, beverages, and supplements among pregnant and nonpregnant women of reproductive age in the US.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2438460. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.38460
CARDIOLOGY
Mau T. Nguyen, BMedSci(Hons), MBBS; Kristina Lambrakis, BSc; Sam Lehman, MBBS, PhD; et al.
This cohort study assesses the association of reporting high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T level to the lowest limit of quantification vs conventional reporting with clinical outcomes and resource use.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2438541. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.38541
EQUITY, DIVERSITY, AND INCLUSION
Courtney R. Lee, MD, MPH, MSHP; Jaya Aysola, MD, DTMH, MPH; Xinwei Chen, MS; et al.
This cohort study investigates the association of patient race and ethnicity with clinician expressions of doubt in hospital admission notes.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2438550. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.38550
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Invited Commentary
The Credibility Deficit Experienced by Black Patients
Mary Catherine Beach, MD, MPH; Somnath Saha, MD, MPH
JAMA Netw Open
EQUITY, DIVERSITY, AND INCLUSION
Laurent G. Glance, MD; Karen E. Joynt Maddox, MD, MPH; Patricia W. Stone, PhD, RN; et al.
This cross-sectional study examines morbidity and mortality in older racially and ethnically minoritized patients with sepsis who were hospitalized during the COVID-19 pandemic at various states of hospital burden.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2438563. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.38563
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Invited Commentary
Hospital Strain and Disparities in Sepsis Outcomes
Sahil Angelo, MD; Sameer S. Kadri, MD, MS
JAMA Netw Open
CARDIOLOGY
Geert A. A. Versteeg, MD; Maxim J. P. Rooijakkers, MD; Kimberley I. Hemelrijk, MD; et al.
This randomized clinical trial compares the safety and efficacy of an upper- vs a lower-extremity approach for clinically relevant secondary access site鈥搑elated bleeding in patients undergoing transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve implantation.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2438578. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.38578
PUBLIC HEALTH
Pablo Ryan, PhD; Jorge Valencia, PhD; Daniel Sepúlveda-Crespo, PhD; et al.
This cross-sectional study examines risk factors associated with, prevalence of, and trends in active hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among people experiencing homelessness in Madrid, Spain.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2438657. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.38657
PEDIATRICS
Omid Kohandel Gargari, MD; Sepehr Aghajanian, MD; Mansoureh Togha, MD; et al.
This meta-analysis evaluates the efficacy and safety associated with various pharmacological treatments for pediatric migraine.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2438666. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.38666
PHARMACY AND CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
Elisabeth M. Smale, PhD; Anne B. Ottenbros, MSc; Bart J. F. van den Bemt, PhD; et al.
This quality improvement study assesses the environmental outcomes of redispensing quality-assured oral anticancer drugs compared with the standard practice of disposal and examines how redispensing could be environmentally optimized.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2438677. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.38677
CARDIOLOGY
Yanji Qu, PhD; Xiaoqing Liu, MD; Shao Lin, PhD; et al.
This case-control study evaluates the association of maternal serum folate levels at early to midpregnancy with congenital heart disease risk in offspring.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2438747. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.38747
PUBLIC HEALTH
Helena Honkaniemi, PhD; Sol P. Juárez, PhD
This cohort study assesses the association between concurrent postpartum work leave among parents and their likelihood to participate in mental health services in Sweden.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2438755. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.38755
PUBLIC HEALTH
Jeremy Samuel Faust, MD, MS; Benjamin Renton, BA; Tasce Bongiovanni, MD, MPP, MHS; et al.
This cross-sectional study describes overall and age-specific all-cause excess mortality by race and ethnicity during the COVID-19 public health emergency and assesses whether measured differences were associated with prepandemic disparities.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2438918. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.38918
HEALTH INFORMATICS
Dana P. Edelson, MD, MS; Matthew M. Churpek, MD, MPH, PhD; Kyle A. Carey, MPH; et al.
This cohort study compares 3 proprietary artificial intelligence early warning score and 3 publicly available simple aggregated weighted scores for identifying clinical deterioration in hospitalized patients.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2438986. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.38986
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Invited Commentary
Toward the Rigorous Evaluation of Early Warning Scores
Amol A. Verma, MD, MPhil
JAMA Netw Open
HEALTH POLICY
Geronimo Bejarano, MPH; Andrew Ryan, PhD; Amal Trivedi, MD, MPH; et al.
This cross-sectional study uses beneficiary survey data to explore the association between care experience and enrollment in integrated, legacy-integrated, non鈥搇egacy-integrated, and nonintegrated Medicare Advantage plans.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2438994. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.38994
HEALTH POLICY
Xingxian Luo, PhD; Xin Du, MSc; Xufeng Lv, MSc; et al.
This cross-sectional study examines the implementation of a breakthrough therapy designation policy for cancer drugs in China based on clinical benefit, clinical development time, novelty, and price.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2439080. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.39080
OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
Anu Manchikanti Gomez, PhD; Ariana H. Bennett, DrPH; Alex Schulte, BA, BSPH; et al.
This survey study describes the use of preferred source of contraception and assesses associations between prior reproductive health care experiences and preference for traditional in-person sources or alternative sources.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2439191. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.39191
CARDIOLOGY
Emelie Dillenbeck, MD; Leif Svensson, MD, PhD; Araz Rawshani, MD, PhD; et al.
This cohort study examines the associations of neurologic recovery at hospital discharge after cardiac arrest with long-term survival among patients with in-hospital and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in Sweden.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2439196. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.39196
ONCOLOGY
Uriel Kim, MD, PhD, MBA; Johnie Rose, MD, PhD; Bryan T. Carroll, MD, PhD; et al.
This cross-sectional study compares observed vs expected rates of cancer diagnosis in the US during the first and second years of the COVID-19 pandemic to assess disruptions to and recovery in cancer detection.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2439263. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.39263
EQUITY, DIVERSITY, AND INCLUSION
Emily E. Haroz, PhD; Paul Rebman, MPH; Novalene Goklish, DrBH; et al.
This prognostic study examines how well existing suicide risk models perform in a majority American Indian population.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2439269. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.39269
PEDIATRICS
Catherine C. McDonald, PhD, RN; Kevin Rix, PhD, MPH; Jeffrey P. Ebert, PhD; et al.
This cross-sectional study examines kinematic risky driving events (hard braking and rapid acceleration) associated with handheld cellphone use among adolescents while driving.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2439328. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.39328
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Invited Commentary
Technology as a Problem and Potential Solution in Teen Driving Safety
Cara Hamann, PhD, MPH; Jingzhen Yang, PhD, MPH
JAMA Netw Open
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Russell L. Rothman, MD, MPP; Thomas G. Stewart, PhD; Ahmad Mourad, MD; et al.
This randomized clinical trial compares the effectiveness of montelukast vs placebo to reduce time to recovery from mild to moderate symptoms of COVID-19 among US adult outpatients.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2439332. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.39332
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Maria C. Thurnheer, MD; Astrid Schürmann, MD; Markus Huber, PhD; et al.
This randomized clinical trial compares 24-hour vs extended perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent surgical site infection in patients undergoing cystectomy with urinary diversion.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2439382. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.39382
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Invited Commentary
24-Hour Perioperative Antibiotic Prophylaxis for Cystectomy and Urinary Diversions鈥擫ess Is More
Peyton A. Skupin, MD; Vanessa N. Peña, MD; Bruce L. Jacobs, MD, MPH
JAMA Netw Open
EMERGENCY MEDICINE
Christopher B. Gage, MHS, NRP; Jonathan R. Powell, MPA, NRP; Alexander Ulintz, MD; et al.
This cross-sectional study investigates changes in the rate of layperson-administered naloxone using data from a national US database of emergency medical services (EMS) activations.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2439427. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.39427
ONCOLOGY
Soumyajit Roy, MBBS, MSc; Shawn Malone, MD; Kevin Wing, PhD; et al.
This secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial examines the association of prior prostate-directed local therapy and first-line apalutamide with survival among patients with nonmetastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (nmCRPC).
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2439434. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.39434
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Margaret G. Miller, MS; Pauline Terebuh, MD, MPH; David C. Kaelber, MD, PhD, MPH; et al.
This cohort study assesses the risk of development of type 2 diabetes in pediatric patients aged 10 to 19 years after receiving a COVID-19 diagnosis compared with the risk after other non鈥揅OVID-19 respiratory infections during the first 2 years of the pandemic.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2439444. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.39444
PUBLIC HEALTH
Momotazur Rahman, PhD; Bishnu Bahadur Thapa, PhD; Christopher Santostefano, MPH, RN; et al.
This cohort study examines whether a diagnosis of dementia is associated with the likelihood of migration between counties or states compared with other major illnesses, including colon cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and myocardial infarction.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2439499. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.39499
HEALTH POLICY
Jiuying Han, PhD; Neng Wan, PhD; Joshua J. Horns, PhD; et al.
This cross-sectional study uses network analysis methods to identify emergency general surgery (EGS) care regions in New York and California and compares this method of identification with Dartmouth health referral regions.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2439509. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.39509
NEUROLOGY
Simon Fandler-Höfler, PhD; Sebastian Eppinger, MD; Gareth Ambler, PhD; et al.
This cohort study investigates whether the frequency, severity, and distribution of cerebral microbleeds and other magnetic resonance imaging findings differ by sex in a large combined cohort from 38 studies in 18 countries.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2439571. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.39571
CARDIOLOGY
Scott Leezer, BS; Rittal Mehta, MS; Anushree Agarwal, MD; et al.
This cohort study reports the initial findings of patient-reported outcomes for adult patients with congenital heart disease from the first 3 years of the Congenital Heart Initiative registry.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2439629. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.39629
CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
Judith B. Vick, MD, MPH; Benjamin T. Berger, MD; Peter A. Ubel, MD; et al.
This cohort study evaluates whether shared decision-making鈥揳ligned communication is associated with prognostic misunderstanding between physicians and surrogates of adult patients in the intensive care unit (ICU).
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2439715. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.39715
MEDICAL EDUCATION
Shruthi Venkataraman, MD, MSc; Mytien Nguyen, MS; Sarwat I. Chaudhry, MD; et al.
This cross-sectional study assesses how racial and ethnic discrimination in medical school is associated with personal and professional development of medical students.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2439727. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.39727
PEDIATRICS
Eleni G. Jaswa, MD, MSc, MAS; Heather G. Huddleston, MD; Karla J. Lindquist, PhD; et al.
This cohort study examines whether in utero exposure to maternal SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with risk of neurodevelopmental impairment in children through age 24 months.
has audio
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2439792. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.39792
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Podcast:
Exposure to Maternal COVID-19 and Offspring Neurodevelopment Through Age 24 Months
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Invited Commentary
SARS-CoV-2 and Offspring Neurodevelopment鈥擶e Don鈥檛 Know Yet
Andrea G. Edlow, MD, MSc
JAMA Netw Open
HEALTH POLICY
Nicolas S. Rinella, MS; William Charlton, BS; Gautham Reddy, MD; et al.
This cohort study assesses temporal trends and geographic variance in liver-related mortality and access to liver transplant in the US.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2439846. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.39846
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Invited Commentary
Disparities in Outcomes of Liver-Related Waiting List for Transplant鈥擨s There an End in Sight?
Ashley Spann, MD, MSACI; Christine Lopez, MD; Manhal Izzy, MD
JAMA Netw Open
HEALTH POLICY
Brittany N. Watson, MD, MPH; Lilly Estenson, MSW; Aimee R. Eden, PhD, MPH; et al.
This qualitative study describes opinions, strategies, and facilitators and barriers to implementation of person-centered care planning from individuals and organizations who identify as, provide care for, or seek to improve care for individuals living with or at risk for multiple chronic conditions.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2439851. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.39851
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Invited Commentary
Challenges in Health Care for Persons With Multiple Chronic Conditions鈥擶here to Go and How to Get There?
Gregory M. Ouellet, MD, MHS; Jennifer A. Ouellet, MD, MHPE; Mary E. Tinetti, MD
JAMA Netw Open
MEDICAL JOURNALS AND PUBLISHING
Sawsan Abdel-Razig, MD, MEHP; Dora Stadler, MD; Leen Oyoun Alsoud, MSc; et al.
This cross-sectional study examines characteristics and publishing models of journals in health professions education research and assesses the implications of open access publishing.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2439932. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.39932
PUBLIC HEALTH
Eugene R. Declercq, PhD; Chia-Ling Liu, ScD, MPH; Howard J. Cabral, PhD, MPH; et al.
This cohort study identifies patterns of emergency care visits during pregnancy among individuals in Massachusetts and assesses the association of such visits with severe maternal morbidity.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2439939. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.39939
SUBSTANCE USE AND ADDICTION
Bridget Freisthler, PhD; Rouba A. Chahine, PhD; Jennifer Villani, PhD, MPH; et al.
This randomized clinical trial examines the effectiveness of a coordinated intervention to lower drug overdose deaths at the community level with evidence-based practices, with a specific focus on polysubstance overdoses.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2440006. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.40006
ONCOLOGY
Valerie Gunchick, MS; Edward Brown, MS; Juan Liu, PhD; et al.
This cohort study analyzes associations of body composition variables with metabolites and survival outcomes among patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2440047. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.40047
EQUITY, DIVERSITY, AND INCLUSION
Michelle Ko, MD, PhD; Kevin Dinh, MS; Sarah Iv, BS; et al.
This serial cross-sectional study evaluates trends in Asian American diversity among physicians, registered nurses, nursing assistants, and home health aides to characterize subgroup representation within professions.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2440071. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.40071
SURGERY
Marty T. Sellers, MD, MPH; Jennifer L. Philip, MD; Aleah L. Brubaker, MD, PhD; et al.
This survey study investigates organ procurement organizations鈥� experience, operational practices, and needs related to normothermic regional perfusion (NRP).
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2440130. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.40130
HEALTH POLICY
Q. Wilton Sun, BA; Howard P. Forman, MD, MBA; Logan Stern, DNP, APRN; et al.
This cross-sectional study examines whether predominant clinician staffing patterns in US health centers are associated with specific metrics for quality of clinical care.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2440140. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.40140
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Invited Commentary
Striking the Right Staffing Balance in Health Centers
Bianca K. Frogner, PhD
JAMA Netw Open
SURGERY
Kyle J. Van Arendonk, MD, PhD; Elisabeth T. Tracy, MD; Jonathan S. Ellison, MD; et al.
This cross-sectional study examines whether transfers and travel distance have changed for children with 4 time-sensitive surgical conditions from 2002 to 2017 and whether these changes have differed by rural vs urban status.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2440251. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.40251
PEDIATRICS
Jiaoyang Cai, MD, PhD; Sara Malone, PhD, LCSW; Nickhill Bhakta, MD; et al.
This survey study examines the perceptions of clinicians and caregivers regarding accessibility of and adherence to long-term follow-up care for childhood cancer survivors in China.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2440258. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.40258
PEDIATRICS
Tracey Covassin, PhD, ATC; Alyssa M. Pollard-McGrandy, PhD, ATC; Lilian A. Klein, BS; et al.
This cohort study evaluates the association between missed school days in high school athletes with sport-related concussion and authorized clearance to return to competition.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2440264. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.40264
PUBLIC HEALTH
Lisa Zubkoff, PhD; Andrew J. Zimolzak, MD, MMSc; Ashley N. D. Meyer, PhD; et al.
This stepped-wedge cluster-randomized clinical trial evaluates the effect of a quality improvement collaborative, the Virtual Breakthrough Series, on the follow-up rate of 2 types of test results prone to being missed: chest imaging suspicious for malignant neoplasms and laboratory findings suggestive of colorectal cancer.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2440269. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.40269
ONCOLOGY
Tsion A. Armidie, MPH; Elisa V. Bandera, MD, PhD; Courtney E. Johnson, MS; et al.
This cohort study investigates the association of adherence to dietary guidelines with survival among Black women with epithelial ovarian cancer.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2440279. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.40279
NEPHROLOGY
Jefferson L. Triozzi, MD, MSCI; Zhihong Yu, MS, PhD; Ayush Giri, MS, PhD; et al.
This genetic association study investigates whether GLP1R gene expression as a proxy for glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists is associated with reductions in kidney disease progression.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2440286. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.40286
SUBSTANCE USE AND ADDICTION
Lyndsay A. Avalos, PhD, MPH; Nina Oberman, MPH; Stacey E. Alexeeff, PhD; et al.
This cohort study examines associations between maternal prenatal cannabis use in early pregnancy and early child developmental delays.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2440295. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.40295
PEDIATRICS
Lyndsay A. Avalos, PhD, MPH; Mahlet Shenkute, MS; Stacey E. Alexeeff, PhD; et al.
This cohort study examines the association of maternal prenatal cannabis use in early pregnancy and child autism spectrum disorder.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2440301. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.40301
SUBSTANCE USE AND ADDICTION
Matthew C. Nali, BA; Joshua S. Yang, PhD, MPH; Zhuoran Li, MS; et al.
This qualitative study develops a schema to classify and describe the breadth of cannabis products commercially available in the US.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2440376. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.40376
PUBLIC HEALTH
Mandi Li, MM; Meijing Hu, MB; Lin Jiang, MM; et al.
This cohort study examines changes in the overall incidence and type of cancer in China between 1983 and 2017 and estimates further changes until 2032.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2440381. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.40381
PUBLIC HEALTH
Andreas Bauer, PhD; Rafaela Costa Martins, PhD; Gemma Hammerton, PhD; et al.
This cohort study of a 1993 Brazilian birth cohort examines the associations between adverse childhood experiences and gang membership.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2440393. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.40393
PUBLIC HEALTH
Carrie L. Nieman, MD, MPH; Emmanuel E. Garcia Morales, PhD; Alison R. Huang, PhD; et al.
This cross-sectional study estimates the prevalence of hearing loss and hearing aid use among a nationally representative sample of older adults living with dementia in the US.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2440400. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.40400
GERIATRICS
Ambar Kulshreshtha, MD, PhD; Erik S. Parker, PhD; Nicole R. Fowler, PhD; et al.
This cross-sectional study examines the prevalence of unrecognized cognitive impairment among adults aged 65 years and older receiving primary care from federally qualified health centers in Indianapolis, Indiana.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2440411. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.40411
EQUITY, DIVERSITY, AND INCLUSION
Giridhar Mohan, MPH; Darrell J. Gaskin, PhD, MS
This cross-sectional study analyzes associations of various social determinants of health with health care expenditures among individuals with Medicare, Medicaid, or private insurance.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2440467. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.40467
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Invited Commentary
Reforms to Support the Health Care Industry to Address Adverse Health鈥揜elated Social Factors
Marshall H. Chin, MD, MPH; Karen Dale, RN, MSN; Sinsi Hernández-Cancio, JD
JAMA Netw Open
PSYCHIATRY
Glenn Kiekens, PhD; Laurence Claes, PhD; Evan M. Kleiman, PhD; et al.
This cohort study examines the association of nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) cognition and behavior, reported using ecological momentary assessment, with subsequent NSSI.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2440510. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.40510
PSYCHIATRY
Ida A. K. Nilsson, PhD; Judit Ozsvar, MSc; Mika Gissler, PhD; et al.
This cohort study examines whether there is an association between maternal eating disorders or prepregnancy body mass index and psychiatric diagnoses in offspring.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2440517. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.40517
ONCOLOGY
Won Jin Jeon, MD; Daniel Park, DO; Farris Al-Manaseer, MD; et al.
This cohort study examines the association of neoadjuvant chemoradiation with surgical resection, definitive chemoradiation, radiotherapy alone, and perioperative chemotherapy with overall survival among patients with stage II to III esophageal cancer.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2440568. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.40568
NEUROLOGY
Linda Al-Hassany, MSc; Antoinette MaassenVanDenBrink, PhD; Tobias Kurth, MD, ScD
This cohort study evaluates the association pattern between a cardiovascular risk score and migraine activity status in a large cohort of men and women from the Netherlands.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2440577. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.40577
DIABETES AND ENDOCRINOLOGY
Mohd Ashraf Ganie, DM; Subhankar Chowdhury, DM; Neena Malhotra, MD; et al.
This cross-sectional study of women with polycystic ovary syndrome in India assesses the prevalence, phenotypes, and associated comorbidities of the syndrome.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2440583. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.40583
HEALTH POLICY
Natalia Kunst, PhD; Jessica B. Long, MPH; Sarah Westvold, MPH; et al.
This decision analytic modeling study estimates the long-term outcomes of prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography (PSMA-PET) for staging recurrent prostate cancer.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2440591. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.40591
ONCOLOGY
Michael K. Farris, MD; Michael D. Mix, MD; Xiaofei Wang, PhD; et al.
This secondary analysis of the CALGB (Cancer and Leukemia Group B) 30610 randomized clinical trial assesses the association of demographic, disease-related, treatment, and social factors with survival outcomes among patients with limited-stage small cell lung cancer.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2440673. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.40673
ONCOLOGY
Sagar A. Patel, MD, MSc; Dattatraya Patil, MBBS, MPH; Joseph Smith, MD; et al.
This cohort study examines health-related quality of life in men with prostate cancer who have undergone prostatectomy only vs prostatectomy with radiotherapy within or beyond 1 year following surgery.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2440747. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.40747
HEALTH POLICY
Nolan M. Kavanagh, MPH; Margaret McConnell, PhD; Natalie Slopen, ScD
This cross-sectional study examines the association between minimum wages and the mental health of children and adolescents in the US.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2440810. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.40810
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Kenneth E. Schmader, MD; Emmanuel B. Walter, MD, MPH; Kawsar R. Talaat, MD; et al.
This randomized clinical trial compares the safety and reactogenicity after simultaneous doses of adjuvanted recombinant zoster vaccine and adjuvanted inactivated influenza vaccine vs simultaneous doses of adjuvanted recombinant zoster vaccine and high-dose inactivated influenza vaccine.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2440817. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.40817
MEDICAL EDUCATION
Jasmine Weiss, MD, MHS; Max Jordan Nguementi Tiako, MD, MS; Ngozi D. Akingbesote, BS; et al.
This qualitative study assesses perspectives of premedical student advisers from Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) on the barriers to and facilitators of medical school matriculation among Black students.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2440887. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.40887
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Invited Commentary
HBCUs Are an Undervalued Resource for Addressing the US Physician Shortage
Mytien Nguyen, MS; Erica H. Sutton, MD; Hyacinth R. C. Mason, PhD, MPH, CHES
JAMA Netw Open
HEALTH INFORMATICS
Ethan Goh, MBBS, MS; Robert Gallo, MD; Jason Hom, MD; et al.
This randomized clinical trial evaluates the diagnostic performance of physicians with use of a large language model compared with conventional resources.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2440969. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.40969
ONCOLOGY
Sarah J. Mah, MD, MSc; Daniel M. Carter Ramirez, MD, PhD; Kara Schnarr, MD, PhD; et al.
This cohort study investigates whether the timing of palliative care initiation is associated with the aggressiveness of end-of-life care among patients with ovarian cancer.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2440977. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.40977
PEDIATRICS
Theony Deshommes, MD, MSc; Gabrielle Freire, MDCM, MSc; Natalie Yanchar, MD, MSc; et al.
This cohort study examines low-value clinical practices, ie, those with the potential for harm exceeding the potential for benefit, in pediatric trauma centers.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2440983. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.40983
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Invited Commentary
Reducing Low-Value Care in Pediatric Trauma
Jillian M. Cotter, MD, MSCS; Eric R. Coon, MD
JAMA Netw Open
PEDIATRICS
Omer S. Ashruf, BS; Zaid Ashruf; Valerie Luyckx, MBBCh, MSc, PhD; et al.
This cohort study examines clinical outcomes at 1 year among children with community-acquired acute kidney injury (AKI), stratified by age, race, and ethnicity.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2440988. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.40988
PEDIATRICS
Alice Shanklin, MD; Taylor Olson, MD; Anita K. Patel, MD; et al.
This cross-sectional study examines the potential association of novel respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) prevention strategies with pediatric intensive care unit utilization among children younger than 18 years of age.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2440997. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.40997
GERIATRICS
Anne-Marie Hill, PhD; Wendy Moyle, PhD; Susan Slatyer, PhD; et al.
This randomized clinical trial evaluates whether a telephone-based service, the Further Enabling Care at Home+ program, which supports home-based informal caregivers after hospital discharge of their older care recipients, improves caregivers鈥� health-related quality of life.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2441019. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.41019
ONCOLOGY
Brenda S. Castillo, MD; Taussia Boadi, BA; Xiaoyan Han, MS; et al.
This cohort study examines the association of non-Hispanic Black or non-Hispanic White race with receipt of guideline-concordant care among older adults with stage I to III breast cancer.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2441056. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.41056
PSYCHIATRY
Andrew S. Huhn, PhD, MBA; Penn Whitley, BA; B. Levi Bolin, PhD; et al.
This cross-sectional study examines patterns of illicit or nonmedical drug exposure detected in urine samples from patients in substance use disorder treatment clinics across the US.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2441063. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.41063
SURGERY
Christina A. Minami, MD, MS; Tanujit Dey, PhD; Yu-Jen Chen, MPH; et al.
This cohort study evaluates whether regional differences are associated with the likelihood of older patients receiving deescalated care for early-stage breast cancer.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2441152. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.41152
PSYCHIATRY
Taro Kishi, MD, PhD; Toshikazu Ikuta, PhD; Kenji Sakuma, MD, PhD; et al.
This systematic review and meta-analysis examines which theta burst stimulation protocols are associated with symptom improvements and tolerability among adults with schizophrenia.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2441159. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.41159
OPHTHALMOLOGY
Jingya Wang, PhD; Christina Antza, PhD; Wen Hwa Lee, PhD; et al.
This cohort study investigates whether dementia medications memantine and donepezil are associated with the risk of developing age-related macular degeneration.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2441166. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.41166
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Invited Commentary
Dementia Drugs and Age-Related Macular Degeneration
Louay Almidani, MD, MSc; Pradeep Y. Ramulu, MD, MHS, PhD
JAMA Netw Open
PUBLIC HEALTH
Elizabeth H. Weybright, PhD; Heather F. Terral, PhD; Ashley Hall, PhD; et al.
This cross-sectional study describes rural adolescents鈥� experiences with firearms and perceptions of firearm-related social norms within their communities, peer groups, and families.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2441203. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.41203
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Invited Commentary
Collaboration for Firearm Injury Prevention鈥擜sking Questions to Save Lives
Marian E. Betz, MD, MPH; Megan L. Ranney, MD, MPH
JAMA Netw Open
PUBLIC HEALTH
Nathaniel J. Glasser, MD, MPP; Jacob C. Jameson, MS; Elbert S. Huang, MD, MPH; et al.
This cohort study examines the association between male gender expressivity--a measure reflecting sociocultural pressures to convey male gender identity--during adolescence and adulthood and diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risks in men.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2441281. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.41281
EMERGENCY MEDICINE
Gina Agarwal, MBBS, PhD; Melissa Pirrie, PhD; Ricardo Angeles, PhD; et al.
This randomized clinical trial of social housing building residents in Ontario, Canada, evaluates the effects of a community paramedicine program vs usual care on health service use.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2441288. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.41288
ETHICS
Henna Shaikh, MD, MPH; Allison N. J. Lyle, MD, MA; Ellie Oslin, BA; et al.
This systematic review assesses participant flow in neonatal clinical trials and reasons for noninclusion of eligible participants.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2441372. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.41372
NEUROLOGY
Yuto Uchida, MD, PhD; Kei Nishimaki; Anja Soldan, PhD; et al.
This cohort study examines risk factors associated with the acceleration of brain volume change and progression from normal cognition to mild cognitive impairment among middle-aged and older adults.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2441505. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.41505
MEDICAL EDUCATION
Lucy W. Kibe, DrPH, MS, MHS, PA-C; Katrina M. Schrode, PhD; Samuel Paik, MPAS, PA-C; et al.
This cohort study examines the pipelines that funnel Black men to the physician assistant or associate workforce and disparities in applications and matriculation compared with other groups in US programs.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2441531. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.41531
DIABETES AND ENDOCRINOLOGY
Hsuan-Yu Su, MS; Chen-Yi Yang, MS; Yu-Hsuan Lee, MS; et al.
This cohort study compares the effectiveness associated with sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor vs dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitor therapies on total cardiovascular disease risk and risk of atrial fibrillation, coronary heart disease, heart failure, stroke, myocardial infarction, and transient ischemic attack among patients with type 2 diabetes.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2441765. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.41765
PEDIATRICS
Amy D. DiVasta, MD, MMSc; Catherine Stamoulis, PhD; Clinton T. Rubin, PhD; et al.
This randomized clinical trial of female adolescents with anorexia nervosa examines whether low-magnitude mechanical signals could preserve bone mineral density.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2441779. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.41779
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Invited Commentary
Addressing Bone Health in Adolescents With Anorexia Nervosa鈥擭o Bones About It
Jason M. Nagata, MD, MSc; Seohyeong Lee, BS; Amanda E. Downey, MD
JAMA Netw Open
PEDIATRICS
Daniel J. Shapiro, MD, MPH; Matt Hall, PhD; Mark I. Neuman, MD, MPH; et al.
This cohort study examines the frequency with which children diagnosed with pneumonia in outpatient settings do not receive antibiotics and compares the risk of treatment failure and severe outcomes between children who receive antibiotics and those who do not.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2441821. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.41821
PSYCHIATRY
Zaba Valtuille, MSc; Vincent Trebossen, MD; Naim Ouldali, MD, PhD; et al.
This cross-sectional study examines rates of hospitalizations and emergency department (ED) visits related to mental health and self-harm among children aged 6 to 17 years in France before and after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2441874. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.41874
NUTRITION, OBESITY, AND EXERCISE
Ting Zhou, MD, PhD; Bingyu Zhang, MS; Dazheng Zhang, MS; et al.
This cohort study analyzes associations of body mass index (BMI) with development of postacute sequalae of SARS-CoV-2 among children and young adults.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2441970. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.41970
HEALTH INFORMATICS
Juliet Beni Edgcomb, MD, PhD; Loes Olde Loohuis, PhD; Chi-hong Tseng, PhD; et al.
This cross-sectional study compares the detection of self-injurious thoughts and behaviors among youths with emergency department visits by manual electronic health record vs random forest classifier review and by demographic group.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2442091. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.42091
PSYCHIATRY
Erin Spike, MD; Preeyaporn Srasuebkul, PhD; Tony Butler, PhD; et al.
This cohort study analyzes associations of criminal sanctions with mortality among people with psychosis in the criminal legal system of New South Wales, Australia.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2442146. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.42146
EQUITY, DIVERSITY, AND INCLUSION
Deborah A. Taira, ScD; Mona Shing Ranken, MD; Brendan K. Seto, MD; et al.
This cross-sectional study evaluates representation of Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander Individuals in clinical trials that led to the first US Food and Drug Administration approval for 10 widely used drugs.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2442204. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.42204
ANESTHESIOLOGY
Mark D. Neuman, MD, MSc; Rui Feng, PhD; Aesha S. Shukla, MBA, MHA; et al.
This randomized clinical trial examines the efficacy of 3 clinician- and patient-facing strategies to reduce the use of benzodiazepines in anesthesia among older adults undergoing surgery.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2442207. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.42207
PSYCHIATRY
Luke P. Grosvenor, PhD; Lisa A. Croen, PhD; Frances L. Lynch, PhD; et al.
This cross-sectional study examines relative increases in autism diagnosis rates in US health and insurance claims records from 2011 to 2022 by age, gender, race, and ethnicity.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2442218. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.42218
PEDIATRICS
Emily Ana Butler, MSc; Joel G. Ray, MD, MSc; Eyal Cohen, MD, MSc
This cohort study evaluates the risk of bacterial infection onset at 7, 30, and 90 days after birth of neonates with dissimilar ABO blood group from their mother.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2442227. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.42227
CARDIOLOGY
Vidhushei Yogeswaran, MD; Kerri L. Wiggins, MS, RD; Colleen M. Sitlani, PhD; et al.
This cohort study examines the association between resting heart rate and new-onset atrial fibrillation in a large community-based sample of Black adults in Jackson, Mississippi.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2442319. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.42319
GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
Lia C. M. J. Goltstein, MD; Maxim J. P. Rooijakkers, MD; Naomi D. E. Thierens, MD; et al.
This cohort study examines the association of transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) with gastrointestinal vascular lesions among patients with aortic stenosis and gastrointestinal bleeding secondary to vascular lesions.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2442324. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.42324
PEDIATRICS
Daniel J. Corwin, MD, MSCE; Daniele Fedonni, MS; Catherine C. McDonald, PhD, RN; et al.
This cross-sectional study analyzes whether sociodemographic and community characteristics are associated with the health care setting in which pediatric patients with concussion receive initial care.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2442332. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.42332
EQUITY, DIVERSITY, AND INCLUSION
Patricia G. Synnott, MS, MALD; Thomas Majda, PharmD, MS; Pei-Jung Lin, PhD; et al.
This economic evaluation estimates the health equity impact of a hypothetical disease-modifying treatment for early Alzheimer disease (AD) in the US and examines policies designed to mitigate health care inequities.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2442353. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.42353
PEDIATRICS
Thibault Plouchart, MD; Thibaut Sabatier, MD; Jean-Baptiste Muller, MD, PhD; et al.
This cohort study investigates the association of tocolysis with risk of neurodevelopmental disabilities at 5.5 years among infants born very preterm.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2442602. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.42602
PUBLIC HEALTH
Jennifer L. Marino, PhD; Aliza Werner-Seidler, PhD; Kate Maston, MPsychol; et al.
This cohort study explores the prevalence of and factors associated with sexuality and gender diversity in a population-representative cohort of younger adolescents in Australia from 2019 to 2021.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2444187. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.44187
HEALTH INFORMATICS
Catherine M. DesRoches, DrPH; Deborah Wachenheim, MPH; Annalays Garcia, MD; et al.
This qualitative study engages with clinicians, patients, and care partners to better understand the experience of collecting, documenting, and sharing social determinant of health data.
JAMA Netw Open. 2024;7(10):e2444376. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.44376