STATISTICS AND RESEARCH METHODS
Yongqi Zhong, PhD, MPH, MB; Maria M. Brooks, PhD; Edward H. Kennedy, PhD; et al.
This secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial uses machine learning methods to estimate the per-protocol effects of a low-dose aspirin regimen on pregnancy in the Effects of Aspirin in Gestation and Reproduction trial.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e2143414. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.43414
PEDIATRICS
Josephine Barbaro, PhD; Nancy Sadka, DEd; Melissa Gilbert, PhD; et al.
This diagnostic study assesses the accuracy of the Social Attention and Communication Surveillance鈥揜evised and Social Attention and Communication Surveillance鈥揚reschool in identifying children aged 11 to 42 months on the autism spectrum.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e2146415. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.46415
PUBLIC HEALTH
Yaohua Yang, PhD; Ran Tao, PhD; Xiang Shu, PhD; et al.
This diagnostic study develops and tests breast cancer risk prediction models for Asian women, incorporating polygenic risk scores (PRSs) and nongenetic risk factors.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e2149030. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.49030
ONCOLOGY
Yu-Jing Liang, MD, PhD; Li-Ting Liu, MD, PhD; Yang Li, MD, PhD; et al.
This cohort study investigates the association of advances in imaging diagnosis, radiotherapy techniques, and treatment methods with survival among pediatric patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma in China from 1989 to 2020.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e220173. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.0173
CARDIOLOGY
Rebecca C. Rossom, MD, MS; A. Lauren Crain, PhD; Patrick J. O鈥機onnor, MD, MA, MS; et al.
This randomized clinical trial assesses whether a clinical decision support system aimed at primary care clinicians improves cardiovascular health for adult primary care patients with serious mental illness.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e220202. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.0202
HEALTH POLICY
Jesus Gomez Rossi, DMD, MSc; Natalia Rojas-Perilla, PhD; Joachim Krois, PhD; et al.
This economic evaluation examines the cost-effectiveness of artificial intelligence (AI) assistance in common diagnostic tests in dermatology, dentistry, and ophthalmology compared with specialist diagnosis without AI assistance.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e220269. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.0269
ONCOLOGY
Jian-Ying Xu, MSc; Xiao-Li Wei, MD; Chao Ren, MD; et al.
This prognostic study evaluates the role of plasma Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA titers in prognosis prediction and surveillance of disease progression for patients with recurrent or metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma who are receiving anti鈥損rogrammed cell death 1 (anti鈥揚D-1) monotherapy.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e220587. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.0587
GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
Rahma Elmahdi, MD, PhD; Camilla E. Lemser, MSc; Sandra B. Thomsen, MD, PhD; et al.
This meta-analysis evaluates the relative rate of cancer among patients with pediatric-onset inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e220595. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.0595
PULMONARY MEDICINE
Richard Beasley, DSc; Tim Harrison, MD; Stefan Peterson, PhD; et al.
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluates whether, for patients with poorly controlled asthma, switching to single inhaler combination budesonide-formoterol maintenance and reliever therapy is associated with longer time to first severe asthma exacerbation compared with a step up or continuation of Global Initiative for Asthma treatment step with maintenance inhaled corticosteroid鈥搇ong-acting 尾2-agonist plus short-acting 尾2-agonist reliever.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e220615. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.0615
EMERGENCY MEDICINE
Vivien Karl, MSc; Sophie Thorn, MBBS; Tim Mathes, PhD; et al.
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluates the association of tranexamic acid administration with mortality and thromboembolic events among patients with traumatic injury.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e220625. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.0625
RHEUMATOLOGY
Allen D. Sawitzke, MD; Christopher G. Jackson, MD; Kimberly Carlson, MS; et al.
This randomized clinical trial evaluates the use of pulsed low-intensity ultrasonography for symptom relief and cartilage loss in individuals with osteoarthritis of the knee.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e220632. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.0632
NEUROLOGY
Jagan A. Pillai, MBBS, PhD; James Bena, MS; Kasia Rothenberg, MD, PhD; et al.
This cohort study assesses whether different initial cognitive phenotypes have distinct associated behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia and whether the risk of onset for specific symptoms differs by neuropathology in the clinical course among patients with dementia.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e220729. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.0729
NUTRITION, OBESITY, AND EXERCISE
Rita Nagy, MD; Noémi Gede, PhD; Klementina Ocskay, MD; et al.
This systematic review and meta-analysis compares the clinical outcomes of patients with cystic fibrosis by body mass index.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e220740. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.0740
DIABETES AND ENDOCRINOLOGY
Nikhil Tandon, PhD; Yashdeep Gupta, DM; Deksha Kapoor, MSc; et al.
This randomized clinical trial examines a lifestyle intervention vs usual care for prevention of glycemic deterioration among South Asian women with recent gestational diabetes.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e220773. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.0773
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Zachary R. Bergman, MD; Michael Usher, MD; Andrew Olson, MD; et al.
This cohort study compares the mortality rate and complications associated with treatment in hospitals dedicated to the care of patients with COVID-19 vs other hospitals.
has active quiz
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e220873. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.0873
PEDIATRICS
Patrick M. Kochanek, MD; P. David Adelson, MD; Bedda L. Rosario, PhD; et al.
This comparative effectiveness research study of children with traumatic brain injury (TBI) compares intracranial pressure and cerebral perfusion pressure outcomes of bolus administration of hypertonic saline and mannitol.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e220891. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.0891
NEUROLOGY
Iris Kleerekooper, PhD; Sharon Chua, PhD; Paul J. Foster, PhD; et al.
This cross-sectional study investigates the associations of alcohol consumption and smoking with a diagnosis of multiple sclerosis and thickness of the macular ganglion cell layer and inner plexiform layer in a community-based sample from the UK Biobank study.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e220902. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.0902
PEDIATRICS
Carlos R. Oliveira, MD, PhD; Linda M. Niccolai, PhD; Hassan Sheikha, MD; et al.
This case-control study estimates the effectiveness of the BNT162b2 vaccine in adolescents aged 12 to 18 years.
has active quiz
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e220935. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.0935
DIABETES AND ENDOCRINOLOGY
Yan Zhao, PhD; Yongbo Zhao, MS; Kechen Fan, MS; et al.
This cohort study examines whether a history of spontaneous or induced abortion is associated with increased risk of gestational diabetes in subsequent pregnancies.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e220944. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.0944
PSYCHIATRY
Andrea King, PhD; Ashley Vena, PhD; Harriet de Wit, PhD; et al.
This randomized clinical trial assesses whether combined treatment with varenicline tartrate and nicotine patch improves continuous abstinence from cigarette smoking among smokers who drink heavily.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e220951. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.0951
CARDIOLOGY
Michael Persson, MD; Natalie Glaser, MD, PhD; Johan Nilsson, MD, PhD; et al.
This cohort study assesses the reintervention, all-cause mortality, and heart failure hospitalization rates for each type of bioprosthetic aortic valve used in Sweden.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e220962. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.0962
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Jiaqi Wei, BS; Jianhua Hou, MS; Tingting Mu, BS; et al.
This meta-analysis uses data from randomized clinical trials to assess the association of computerized cognitive training programs with cognitive and daily function among people living with HIV.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e220970. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.0970
DIVERSITY, EQUITY, AND INCLUSION
Qinyun Lin, PhD; Susan Paykin, MPP; Dylan Halpern, MCP; et al.
This cross-sectional study uses spatial analysis to evaluate social determinants of health and COVID-19-related mortality rates among Black, Hispanic, and White populations living in rural, suburban, and urban communities.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e220984. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.0984
GENETICS AND GENOMICS
Girish N. Nadkarni, MD, MPH; Kezhen Fei, MS; Michelle A. Ramos, MPH; et al.
This randomized clinical trial determines the effects of testing and disclosing APOL1 genetic results on patients of African ancestry with hypertension and their clinicians.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e221048. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.1048
ONCOLOGY
Bobby Daly, MD, MBA; Kevin Nicholas, MPA; Jessica Flynn, MS; et al.
This quality improvement study assesses the clinical value of a daily cadence of electronic patient-reported outcomes for patients undergoing antineoplastic treatment.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e221078. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.1078
ONCOLOGY
Marwan Fakih, MD; Jaideep Sandhu, MBBS, MPH; Chongkai Wang, MD, MS; et al.
This cohort study compares the sensitivity and specificity of a circulating tumor DNA assay with imaging, measurement of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels, and imaging plus CEA measurement for surveillance in patients with resected colorectal cancer as recommended by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e221093. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.1093
NEUROLOGY
Daniel Woo, MD; Mary E. Comeau, MA; Simone Uniken Venema, MD; et al.
This cohort study assesses risk factors associated with 3-month neurologic and mortality outcomes after intracerebral hemorrhage in a racially and ethnically diverse cohort.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e221103. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.1103
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Invited Commentary
The Never-Ending Quest of Intracerebral Hemorrhage Outcome Prognostication
J. Claude Hemphill III, MD, MAS; Wendy Ziai, MD, MPH
JAMA Netw Open
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Amber Hsiao, MPH; John Hansen, MPH; Julius Timbol, MS; et al.
This cohort study estimates the association between vaccination with 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine and hospitalizations for all-cause pneumonia and lower respiratory tract infection among older adults in a large health care system in California.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e221111. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.1111
DIABETES AND ENDOCRINOLOGY
Jia-Jin Chen, MD; Chao-Yi Wu, MD, PhD; Chang-Chyi Jenq, MD; et al.
This cohort study assesses whether treatment with glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists is associated with better outcomes than treatment with dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors among patients with type 2 diabetes and advanced-stage chronic kidney disease (CKD) or end-stage kidney disease.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e221169. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.1169
NEUROLOGY
Yi-Han Hu, PhD; Michael R. Halstead, MD, MPH; R. Nick Bryan, MD, PhD; et al.
This cohort study of US adults using data from a longitudinal coronary study examines the association of trajectories of mean arterial pressure with brain health over 30 years of follow-up examination.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e221175. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.1175
GLOBAL HEALTH
Jewel Gausman, ScD; Rockli Kim, ScD; Zhihui Li, ScD; et al.
This cross-sectional study of children in 56 low- and middle-income countries compares global estimates of undernutrition using conventionally defined classifications of anthropometric failure and alternative classification systems, including the Composite Index of Anthropometric Failure and Categories of Anthropometric Failure.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e221223. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.1223
NEUROLOGY
Andrée-Anne Ledoux, PhD; Richard J. Webster, PhD; Anna E. Clarke, MSc; et al.
This cohort study investigates the associations between concussion and risk of subsequent mental health issues, psychiatric hospitalizations, self-harm, or suicides among pediatric patients.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e221235. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.1235
PEDIATRICS
Michael J. McNeil, MD; Bella S. Ehrlich, BA; Huiqi Wang, MS; et al.
This survey study of physicians in Latin America who care for children with cancer investigates their perceptions about and comfort with pediatric palliative care and how their perceptions align with World Health Organization guidance.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e221245. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.1245
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Invited Commentary
Achieving Global Pediatric Palliative Care Equity鈥擶hat We Have Yet to Learn
Puja J. Umaretiya, MD; Joanne Wolfe, MD, MPH
JAMA Netw Open
PUBLIC HEALTH
Donghao Lu, MD, PhD; Jurate Aleknaviciute, PhD; Astrid M. Kamperman, PhD; et al.
This cohort study of female participants in the Growing Up Today Study assesses whether body size in childhood and adolescence is associated with the future risk of premenstrual disorders.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e221256. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.1256
EMERGENCY MEDICINE
Linda Papa, MDCM, MSc; Jay G. Ladde, MD; John F. O鈥橞rien, MD; et al.
This cohort study compares the performance of validated clinical decision rules vs levels of US Food and Drug Administration鈥揳pproved biomarkers glial fibrillary acidic protein and ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase in detecting traumatic intracranial injuries on computed tomography in patients presenting to a level I trauma center with suspected mild traumatic brain injury.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e221302. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.1302
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Zheng Quan Toh, PhD; Jeremy Anderson, BSc; Nadia Mazarakis, PhD; et al.
This household cohort study compares seroconversion and cellular immunity in children and adults after infection with the ancestral (Wuhan) strain of SARS-CoV-2 and investigates the factors associated with this response in Melbourne, Australia.
has active quiz
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e221313. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.1313
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Cheng-Wei Huang, MD; Albert S. Yu, MD, PhD; Hubert Song, MS; et al.
This cohort study examines the continued use of dexamethasone therapy following discharge in patients with COVID-19.
has active quiz
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e221455. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.1455
PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION
Christelle Nguyen, MD, PhD; Isabelle Boutron, MD, PhD; Alexandra Roren, PT, PhD; et al.
This randomized clinical trial of older patients with knee osteoarthritis evaluates the effect of prehabilitation on functional independence and activity limitations after total knee replacement surgery.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e221462. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.1462
ONCOLOGY
Tomer Meirson, MD, PhD; Francesca Pentimalli, PhD; Francesco Cerza, PhD; et al.
This comparative effectiveness study analyzes the designs, conduct, and outcomes of the Mesothelioma Cisplatin Pemetrexed Study, Mesothelioma Avastin Cisplatin Pemetrexed Study, and CheckMate743 clinical trial to achieve a better understanding of the association of the studied therapies with clinical outcomes among patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e221490. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.1490
GLOBAL HEALTH
Asya Agulnik, MD, MPH; Gia Ferrara, MSGH; Maria Puerto-Torres, BA; et al.
This qualitative study examines issues reported by health care professionals regarding implementation of pediatric early warning systems in resource-limited pediatric oncology facilities in 4 Latin American countries.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e221547. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.1547
ONCOLOGY
Xiaochen Zhang, MPH; Eric M. McLaughlin, MS; Jessica L. Krok-Schoen, PhD; et al.
This cohort study investigates the association of lower extremity lymphedema with physical functioning and the need for assistance with activities of daily living among older female survivors of colorectal, endometrial, and ovarian cancer.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e221671. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.1671
CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
Elisabeth D. Riviello, MD, MPH; Tenzin Dechen, MPH; Ashley L. O鈥橠onoghue, PhD; et al.
This cohort study analyzes the association of a crisis standards of care scoring system with resource prioritization and estimated excess mortality by race, ethnicity, and residence in a socially vulnerable area.
has active quiz
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e221744. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.1744
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Alexander Dang, MD; Ravi Thakker, MD; Shuang Li, PhD; et al.
This cohort study investigates how hospitalizations and mortality rates for non鈥揝ARS-CoV-2 conditions have changed during the COVID-19 pandemic.
has active quiz
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e221754. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.1754
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Invited Commentary
The COVID-19 Pandemic Strikes Again and Again and Again
Laura C. Myers, MD, MPH; Vincent X. Liu, MD, MSc
JAMA Netw Open
STATISTICS AND RESEARCH METHODS
Arin L. Madenci, MD, PhD; Kerollos Nashat Wanis, MD; Zara Cooper, MD; et al.
This cohort study analyzes 4 hypothetical target trials of Medicare beneficiaries with pancreatic malignant neoplasms to analyze postoperative mortality differences across surgical and hospital operative volumes.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e221766. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.1766
NEPHROLOGY
Xingxing S. Cheng, MD, MS; Jialin Han, MS; Jennifer L. Braggs-Gresham, PhD; et al.
This economic evaluation describes temporal trends in mean Organ Acquisition Cost Center costs per kidney transplantation and identifies the factors most associated with cost.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e221847. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.1847
PEDIATRICS
Meaghann S. Weaver, MD, MPH, PhD; Shana S. Jacobs, MD; Janice S. Withycombe, PhD, RN; et al.
This cohort study applies latent profile analysis methods to symptom reports from caregivers of children with cancer to document the number and characteristics of symptom profiles and compare these to previously described symptom profile findings from reports from the patients themselves.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e221855. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.1855
DIVERSITY, EQUITY, AND INCLUSION
Cherri Hobgood, MD; Claire Draucker, PhD, RN
This qualitative study examines differences in the experience of leadership emergence among men and women emergency department chairs.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e221860. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.1860
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
JaHyun Kang, PhD, MPH; Eunjeong Ji, PhD; Junghee Kim, MSN; et al.
This cohort study compares the incidence of adverse events between a contact isolation group with vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus and a matched comparison group using full electronic medical records of adults in Korea.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e221865. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.1865
PUBLIC HEALTH
Caroline Cawley, MPH; Hemal K. Kanzaria, MD, MSc; Barry Zevin, MD; et al.
This cross-sectional study quantifies and describes deaths among people experiencing homelessness in San Francisco during the COVID-19 pandemic and compares the characteristics of these deaths with those in prior years.
has active quiz
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e221870. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.1870
HEALTH POLICY
Lucinda B. Leung, MD, PhD, MPH; Karen Chu, MS; Danielle Rose, PhD; et al.
This cohort study examines adherence to guidelines for follow-up and treatment among primary care patients who newly screened positive for depression in the Veterans Health Administration (VA).
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e221875. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.1875
NUTRITION, OBESITY, AND EXERCISE
Tingxi Long, BS; Kehan Zhang, BS; Yan Chen, MS; et al.
This cross-sectional study uses data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey to characterize trends in overall dietary quality and key food components and nutrients among older US adults, by age, sex, race and ethnicity, marital status, educational level, and income.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e221880. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.1880
ANESTHESIOLOGY
Bradley A. Fritz, MD; Christopher R. King, MD, PhD; Divya Mehta, MD; et al.
This cohort study assesses whether a multicomponent intervention incorporating education, home medication review, and home safety assessment is associated with reductions in the incidence of postoperative falls among patients receiving elective inpatient surgical procedures.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e221938. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.1938
PEDIATRICS
Mihai Puia-Dumitrescu, MD, MPH; Thomas R. Wood, BM, BCh, PhD; Bryan A. Comstock, MS; et al.
This cohort study describes the use of corticosteroids in extremely preterm infants and the association of corticosteroid exposure with neurodevelopmental outcomes at 2 years.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e221947. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.1947
PSYCHIATRY
Henri M. Garrison-Desany, MSPH; Xiumei Hong, MD, PhD; Brion S. Maher, PhD; et al.
This cohort study uses data from the Boston Birth Cohort to assess whether prenatal exposure to multiple substances, alone or in combination, is associated with the risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in childhood.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e221957. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.1957
PSYCHIATRY
Lina Lundström, MSc; Oskar Flygare, MSc; Erik Andersson, PhD; et al.
This randomized clinical trial investigates whether unguided and therapist-guided internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) are noninferior to face-to-face CBT for adults with obsessive-compulsive disorder.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e221967. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.1967
CARDIOLOGY
Kosuke Inoue, MD, PhD; Karol E. Watson, MD, PhD; Naoki Kondo, MD, PhD; et al.
This post hoc analysis of the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial examines whether the association of intensive blood pressure control with cardiovascular events differs by living arrangement among Black individuals and non-Black individuals (eg, individuals who identified as Alaskan Native, American Indian, Asian, Native Hawaiian, Pacific Islander, White, or other).
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e222037. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.2037
HEALTH POLICY
Dana B. Mukamel, PhD; Debra Saliba, MD, MPH; Heather Ladd, MS; et al.
This quality improvement study examines daily variation in staffing, its association with quality, and whether daily variation provides information regarding quality ranking of nursing homes over and above the information provided by average staffing levels.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e222051. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.2051
NUTRITION, OBESITY, AND EXERCISE
Néma D. McGlynn, MSc, RD; Tauseef Ahmad Khan, MBBS, PhD; Lily Wang, BSc; et al.
This systematic review and meta-analysis assesses the outcomes of 3 types of substitution for sugar-sweetened beverages in adults with overweight or obesity and with or without diabetes.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e222092. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.2092
PSYCHIATRY
Allison E. Bond, MA; Shelby L. Bandel, MS; Taylor R. Rodriguez, MS; et al.
This cross-sectional study uses data from the National Violent Death Reporting System to evaluate differences in treatment seeking and suicidality between suicide decedents who died by firearm and those who died by other methods.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e222101. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.2101
PSYCHIATRY
Jodi M. Gilman, PhD; Randi M. Schuster, PhD; Kevin W. Potter, PhD; et al.
This randomized clinical trial examines the risks and benefits of a medical marijuana card, including the development of cannabis use disorder and improvement of insomnia symptoms.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e222106. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.2106
ALLERGY
Margaret G. Taylor, MD; Torsten Joerger, MD, MSCE; Yun Li, PhD; et al.
This cohort study examines the epidemiology and factors associated with penicillin allergy labels among pediatric patients across 2 large US pediatric primary care networks.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e222117. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.2117
OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
Jennia Michaeli, MD; Ofir Michaeli, MBA; Ariel Rozitzky, MD; et al.
This cohort study investigates the association of antenatal fetal growth restriction with mode of delivery and outcomes among neonates who are small or appropriate for gestational age.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e222177. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.2177
PEDIATRICS
Tamar Sudry, MD; Deena R. Zimmerman, MD, MPH; Hadar Yardeni, MD; et al.
This cross-sectional study aims to establish milestone norms and build an updated developmental scale for children from birth to age 6 years.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e222184. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.2184
UROLOGY
Mihir M. Desai, MD, MPH; Giovanni E. Cacciamani, MSc, MD; Karanvir Gill, MS; et al.
This cohort study examines the incidence rate of prostate cancer in men aged 45 years and older to determine whether rates of cancer increased after US Preventive Services Task Force recommendations against routine screening.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e222246. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.2246
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Invited Commentary
Striking the Right Balance With Prostate Cancer Screening
Richard M. Hoffman, MD, MPH
JAMA Netw Open
NEPHROLOGY
Susan P. Y. Wong, MD, MS; Tamara Rubenzik, MD; Leila Zelnick, PhD; et al.
This systematic review assesses cohort studies reporting survival, use of health care resources, quality of life, and end-of-life care among patients with advanced chronic kidney disease who forgo maintenance dialysis.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e222255. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.2255
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Invited Commentary
Conservative Care for Kidney Failure鈥擳he Other Side of the Coin
Christine K. Liu, MD, MS; Manjula Kurella Tamura, MD, MPH
JAMA Netw Open
ONCOLOGY
David J. Benjamin, MD; Alexander Xu, BA; Mark P. Lythgoe, MBBS; et al.
This cross-sectional study investigates the number of US Food and Drug Administration鈥揳pproved cancer drugs that displaced standard-of-care therapies between 2016 and 2021.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e222265. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.2265
RHEUMATOLOGY
Runsheng Wang, MD, MHS; Abhijit Dasgupta, PhD; Michael M. Ward, MD, MPH
This cohort study develops and validates models of the probability of short-term response to tumor necrosis factor inhibitor treatment in individual patients with active ankylosing spondylitis.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e222312. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.2312
PUBLIC HEALTH
Sadiya S. Khan, MD, MSc; Amy E. Krefman, MS; Lihui Zhao, PhD; et al.
This cohort study uses Medicare claims data to investigate the association between body mass index midlife and morbidity burden, longevity, and health care costs in adults 65 years or older.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e222318. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.2318
HEALTH POLICY
Shivan J. Mehta, MD, MBA, MSHP; Jessie Torgersen, MD, MHS, MSCE; Dylan S. Small, PhD; et al.
This stepped-wedge randomized clinical trial evaluates whether a default order embedded into the admissions order set increases ordering and completion of hepatitis C virus screening among eligible hospitalized patients.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e222427. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.2427
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Invited Commentary
Default Nudges in Medicine鈥擠esigning the Right Choice
Jenny Jia, MD, MSc; Jeffrey A. Linder, MD, MPH
JAMA Netw Open
ONCOLOGY
Thao-Quyen H. Ho, MD, PhD; Michael C. S. Bissell, PhD; Karla Kerlikowske, MD; et al.
This comparative effectiveness study examines the probability of false-positive results associated with the use of digital breast tomosynthesis vs digital mammography.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e222440. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.2440
SURGERY
Molly P. Jarman, PhD, MPH; Ginger Jin, MS; Joel S. Weissman, PhD; et al.
This cohort study assesses the association between mortality rates of older adults with injuries and the treating hospital鈥檚 trauma center level.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e222448. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.2448
OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
Cheng-I. Liao, MD; Alex Andrea Francoeur, MD; Daniel S. Kapp, MD, PhD; et al.
This cross-sectional study examines changes in the incidence of human papillomavirus鈥揳ssociated cancers in the US and the rate of screening and vaccination before and after approval of the vaccine.
has audio
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e222530. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.2530
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Podcast:
Trends in Human Papillomavirus鈥揂ssociated Cancers, Demographic Characteristics, and Vaccinations
EMERGENCY MEDICINE
Devin Singh, MBBS; Sujay Nagaraj, BSCH; Pouria Mashouri, MSc; et al.
This decision analytical modeling study assesses the use of machine learning鈥揵ased medical directives to automate diagnostic testing at triage for patients in a pediatric emergency department.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e222599. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.2599
CARDIOLOGY
Akl C. Fahed, MD, MPH; Minxian Wang, PhD; Aniruddh P. Patel, MD; et al.
This cross-sectional study uses 2 data sets from the UK Biobank to assess the association of the interaction between familial hypercholesterolemia variants and adherence to a healthy lifestyle with risk of coronary artery disease (CAD).
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e222687. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.2687
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Michael A. Puskarich, MD, MS; Nicholas E. Ingraham, MD; Lisa H. Merck, MD, MPH; et al.
This randomized clinical trial tests the efficacy of losartan to reduce lung injury in hospitalized patients with COVID-19.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e222735. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.2735
EMERGENCY MEDICINE
Aaron E. Kornblith, MD; Newton Addo, BS; Monica Plasencia, MTM; et al.
This qualitative study describes the use of a modified Delphi process for soliciting the input of a panel of experts in defining a standardized examination protocol for pediatric patients with a blunt torso trauma.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e222922. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.2922
HEALTH POLICY
Nora V. Becker, MD, PhD; Monita Karmakar, PhD, MS; Renuka Tipirneni, MD, MSc; et al.
This cross-sectional study describes trends in hospital admissions for ambulatory care鈥搒ensitive conditions in the prepandemic period (March 2019 to February 2020) compared with the pandemic period (March 2020 to February 2021).
has active quiz
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e222933. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.2933
NEUROLOGY
Tian Ming Tu, MRCP; Shen Jia Yi, MRCP; Jasmine Shimin Koh, MRCP; et al.
This cohort study examines the incidence rates and clinical characteristics of cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) following either SARS-CoV-2 infection or mRNA-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.
has active quiz
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e222940. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.2940
SUBSTANCE USE AND ADDICTION
Ian C. Parsley, MD, MPH; Ann Marie Dale, PhD; Sherri L. Fisher, MS; et al.
This cross-sectional study using data from a national survey of US adults examines the association of alcohol use disorder with days missed from work.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e222954. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.2954
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Jennifer M. Polinski, ScD, MPH, MSc; Andrew R. Weckstein, BA; Michael Batech, DrPH; et al.
This cohort study assesses the association between receiving the Ad26.COV2.S vaccine and COVID-19鈥搑elated infections and hospitalizations before and during the Delta variant surge.
has active quiz
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e222959. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.2959
PUBLIC HEALTH
Takahiro Itaya, RN, MPH; Yotsuha Isobe, RN, BHS; Sayoko Suzuki, RN, BHS; et al.
This cross-sectional study evaluates the robustness of statistically significant findings from randomized clinical trials for COVID-19 using the fragility index.
has active quiz
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e222973. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.2973
PUBLIC HEALTH
Pablo Martinez-Amezcua, MD, PhD; Erin E. Dooley, PhD; Nicholas S. Reed, AuD; et al.
This cross-sectional study evaluates whether hearing loss is associated with lower levels of physical activity.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e222983. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.2983
SURGERY
Brittany L. Willer, MD; Christian Mpody, MD, PhD, MPH, MBA; Joseph D. Tobias, MD; et al.
This cohort study uses data from the Pediatric Health Information System to assess whether increasing family socioeconomic status is associated with lower pediatric postoperative mortality and, if so, whether this association is equitable among Black and White children.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e222989. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.2989
ONCOLOGY
Marielle Jensen-Battaglia, PT, DPT; Lianlian Lei, PhD; Huiwen Xu, PhD, MHA; et al.
This secondary analysis of a cluster randomized clinical trial examines the association between providing oncologists with a geriatric assessment summary with recommendations and having oncologist-patient conversations about functional and physical performance.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e223039. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.3039
UROLOGY
Kelly K. Bree, MD; Yong Shan, PhD; Patrick J. Hensley, MD; et al.
This cohort study uses data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results鈥搇inked Medicare database to describe current surveillance testing and treatment practices, cancer outcomes, and costs of care among older adults with low-grade papillary stage Ta non鈥搈uscle-invasive bladder cancer.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e223050. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.3050
HEALTH POLICY
Sarah H. Gordon, PhD; Alex Hoagland, BA; Lindsay K. Admon, MD; et al.
This cross-sectional study of Medicaid-paid births in Colorado compares health care use and spending among individuals with continuous Medicaid coverage vs those with commercial insurance in the postpartum year.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e223058. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.3058
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
June Young Chun, MD; Hwichang Jeong, BS; Yongdai Kim, PhD
This decision analytic model investigates susceptibility to the Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2 vs previous variants by age group.
has active quiz
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e223064. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.3064
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Avi Bitterman, MD; Caitlin Pestana Martins, BS; Ahuva Cices, MD; et al.
This meta-analysis assesses the association between regional prevalence of strongyloidiasis and the finding of reduced COVID-19 mortality in ivermectin trials.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e223079. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.3079
SURGERY
Guillaume Kugener, MEng; Dhiraj J. Pangal, BS; Tyler Cardinal, BS; et al.
This quality improvement study evaluates the utility of a publicly available surgical video data set of hemorrhage complication management with instrument annotations and task outcomes.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e223177. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.3177
COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE
J. Matt McCrary, PhD; Eckart Altenmüller, MD; Clara Kretschmer; et al.
This systematic review and meta-analysis examines the association of a range of therapeutic music interventions with positive changes in health-related quality of life.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e223236. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.3236
PUBLIC HEALTH
Roy H. Perlis, MD, MSc; Matthew D. Simonson, PhD; Jon Green, PhD; et al.
This cross-sectional survey study assesses the prevalence of firearm ownership among individuals with major depressive symptoms in the United States.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e223245. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.3245
NEUROLOGY
Andrea L. Roberts, PhD; Ross Zafonte, DO; Lori B. Chibnik, PhD, MPH; et al.
This cross-sectional study investigates the association of adverse childhood experiences with poor neuropsychiatric health and dementia among former National Football League players and whether football-related concussions accounted for the association.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e223299. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.3299
RHEUMATOLOGY
Seung Hoon Kim, MD, JD; Sung Hoon Jeong, MPH; Hyunkyu Kim, MD; et al.
This cohort study examines whether seropositive rheumatoid arthritis is associated with an increased risk of subsequently developing primary open-angle glaucoma among adults in Korea.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e223345. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.3345
SURGERY
Jayer Chung, MD, MSc; Nikki L. B. Freeman, MS; Michael R. Kosorok, PhD; et al.
This cohort study uses topic model cluster analysis to evaluate a risk stratification scheme for chronic limb-threatening ischemia.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e223424. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.3424
CARDIOLOGY
Ryan T. Borne, MD; Paul Varosy, MD; Zhou Lan, PhD; et al.
This cross-sectional study compares the use of single- vs dual-chamber implantable cardioverter-defibrillators over time in patients without an indication for an atrial lead.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e223429. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.3429
ONCOLOGY
Sara J. Schonfeld, PhD; Margaret A. Tucker, MD; Eric A. Engels, MD; et al.
This cohort study examines the association between use of immune checkpoint inhibitors and development of immune-related adverse events in older adults with melanoma.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e223461. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.3461
SUBSTANCE USE AND ADDICTION
Patricia Simon, PhD; Yannuo Jiang, MPH; Eugenia Buta, PhD; et al.
This survey study develops a comprehensive model of the association of a range of intrapersonal, family, and environmental factors with longitudinal patterns of multiple nicotine product use by US adolescents in a trajectory analysis framework.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e223549. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.3549
GERIATRICS
Pankaja Desai, PhD; Klodian Dhana, MD, PhD; Charles DeCarli, MD; et al.
This cohort study uses data from the Chicago Health and Aging Project to examine associations between physical activity and cognitive decline by serum concentrations of neurofilament light (NfL) chain among older adults.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e223596. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.3596
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Invited Commentary
A Blood-Based Biomarker of Cognitive Decline and Interaction With Lifestyle
Joel Simrén, MD; Deborah R. Gustafson, PhD
JAMA Netw Open
STATISTICS AND RESEARCH METHODS
Angela K. Green, MD, MSc; Sara M. Tabatabai, BS; Xing Bai, MS; et al.
This cohort study evaluates the validity linking fee-for-service Medicare claims and ClinicalTrials.gov through National Clinical Trial identifiers for patients with cancer enrolled in clinical trials.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e223687. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.3687
SUBSTANCE USE AND ADDICTION
Pia M. Mauro, PhD; Sarah Gutkind, MSPH; Erin M. Annunziato, MPH; et al.
This cross-sectional study of respondents to the National Survey on Drug Use and Health evaluates rates of medication for opioid use disorder receipt among people with need for treatment as well as associated sociodemographic characteristics.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e223821. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.3821
GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
Sang Yoon Kim, MD; Jae Myung Park, MD; Hyun Sun Cho, MD; et al.
This cohort study assesses whether the use of an antispasmodic agent, cimetropium bromide, as premedication is associated with increases in gastric neoplasm detection rates during esophagogastroduodenoscopic examination.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e223827. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.3827
CARDIOLOGY
Kiran J. Biddinger; Connor A. Emdin, MD, DPhil; Mary E. Haas, PhD; et al.
This cohort study assesses the association between habitual alcohol intake and cardiovascular disease risk and evaluates the direction and relative magnitude of cardiovascular risk associated with different amounts of alcohol consumption.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e223849. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.3849
DIABETES AND ENDOCRINOLOGY
Juliana C. N. Chan, MD; Yotsapon Thewjitcharoen, MD; Thy Khue Nguyen, MD; et al.
This randomized clinical trial examines the use of a web portal combined with a physician-and-nurse care team approach in improving patient involvement and treatment outcomes for type 2 diabetes and diabetic kidney disease.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e223862. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.3862
CARDIOLOGY
Yuan Lu, ScD; Mui Van Zandt, BS; Yun Liu, PhD; et al.
This cohort study investigates differences in dual combination therapy use for hypertension in 8 countries and territories by country and patient demographic group.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e223877. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.3877
MEDICAL EDUCATION
Megha Garg, MD, MPH; Tejaswi Kompala, MD; Michael Hurley, MD, MS; et al.
This cross-sectional survey study assesses the perceptions of internal medicine chief residents regarding their administrative, educational, and clinical experiences in the chief residency role.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e223882. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.3882
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Invited Commentary
Time to Reengineer the Internal Medicine Chief Residency
Katherine A. Julian, MD; Lurit Bepo, MD, MPH; Catherine Reinis Lucey, MD
JAMA Netw Open
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Jonathan H. Chow, MD; Ali Rahnavard, PhD; Mardi Gomberg-Maitland, MD, MSc; et al.
This cohort study investigates whether early aspirin use is associated with lower 28-day in-hospital mortality among patients with moderate COVID-19.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e223890. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.3890
SUBSTANCE USE AND ADDICTION
Anish K. Agarwal, MD, MPH, MSHP; Hareena K. Sangha, BA; Anthony Spadaro, MD, MPH; et al.
This cohort study uses a text messaging system to survey behavior in patients with naloxone prescriptions after discharge from emergency departments in Philadelphia.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e223986. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.3986
HEALTH POLICY
Tze-Woei Tan, MD; Elizabeth A. Calhoun, PhD; Shannon M. Knapp, PhD; et al.
This cohort study explores the association of early Medicaid expansion with outcomes of diabetic foot ulcerations (DFUs).
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e223991. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.3991
PUBLIC HEALTH
Gabriel Rainisch, MPH; Seonghye Jeon, PhD; Danielle Pappas, MPH; et al.
This decision analytical model estimates the numbers of COVID-19 cases and hospitalizations averted nationwide by US states鈥� case investigation and contact tracing programs.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e224042. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.4042
NEUROLOGY
Matthew P. Pase, PhD; Ella Rowsthorn, BSc; Marina G. Cavuoto, PhD; et al.
This cross-sectional study examines whether neighborhood-level socioeconomic status is associated with differences in cognitive performance and dementia risk scores among Australian adults aged 40 to 70 years enrolled in the Healthy Brain Project.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e224071. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.4071
GLOBAL HEALTH
Jean-Francois Trani, PhD; Jacqueline Moodley, PhD; May Thu Thu Maw, MBBS, MPH; et al.
This cross-sectional study investigates the association between multidimensional poverty and dementia among adults aged 50 years or older living in South Africa.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e224160. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.4160
CARDIOLOGY
Huijie Wang, MSc; Mary Cushman, MD, MSc; Frits R. Rosendaal, MD, PhD; et al.
This case-control study evaluates the association between a remote history of venous thrombosis and later risk of venous thrombosis in older adults.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e224205. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.4205
HEALTH POLICY
Ilana B. Richman, MD, MHS; Jessica B. Long, MPH; Kelly A. Kyanko, MD, MHS; et al.
This cohort study assesses the association of state-level mandates requiring coverage of digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) for breast cancer screening with DBT use, price, and out-of-pocket payments.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e224208. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.4208
ORTHOPEDICS
Erland Hermansen, PhD; Ivar Magne Austevoll, PhD; Christian Hellum, PhD; et al.
This randomized clinical trial compares the effectiveness of 3 minimally invasive posterior decompression techniques for lumbar spinal stenosis at 16 public hospitals in Norway.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e224291. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.4291
ONCOLOGY
Julie Fu, MD, MA; Sonya A. Reid, MD, MPH; Benjamin French, PhD; et al.
This cohort study investigates racial disparities in the severity of COVID-19 presentation, clinical complications, and outcomes between non-Hispanic Black and non-Hispanic White patients with cancer and COVID-19.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e224304. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.4304
ONCOLOGY
Liyan Zhang, MS; Xiaotian Zhang, MD; Lin Shen, MD; et al.
This randomized clinical trial investigates the efficiency of an application for an electronic patient-reported outcome follow-up system compared with a traditional model for safety and quality of life among patients receiving cancer immunotherapy.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e224427. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.4427
HEMATOLOGY
Asad H. Arastu, MD; Benjamin K. Elstrott, BA; Kylee L. Martens, MD; et al.
This cohort study evaluates rates of infusion reactions among 4 commonly used intravenous iron repletion strategies and how readministration was managed in patients with history of reaction.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e224488. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.4488
RHEUMATOLOGY
Zhaohui Zheng, MD; Haitao Zhang, MD; Xiaomei Peng, MD; et al.
This randomized clinical trial assesses the efficacy and safety of tacrolimus vs intravenous cyclophosphamide as an initial treatment for lupus nephritis in China.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e224492. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.4492
NEUROLOGY
Aristeidis H. Katsanos, MD; Klearchos Psychogios, MD; Guillaume Turc, MD; et al.
The systematic review and meta-analysis compares the use of tenecteplase vs alteplase in the treatment of patients with acute ischemic stroke.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e224506. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.4506
PEDIATRICS
Nicole R. van Veenendaal, MD, MSc; Anne A. M. W. van Kempen, MD, PhD; Birit F. P. Broekman, MD, PhD; et al.
This cohort study of Dutch mothers with infants born preterm compares stress and participation levels of mothers treated in family integrated care units with mothers receiving standard neonatal care.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e224514. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.4514
GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
Akinbowale Oyalowo, MD, MSHP; Kimberly A. Forde, MD, MHS, PhD; Alicia Lamanna, MA; et al.
This randomized clinical trial evaluates the effectiveness of tailored or generic telephone messages in motivating patients to schedule and complete colorectal cancer screening compared with usual care.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e224529. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.4529
GERIATRICS
Hikaru Ihira, PT, PhD; Norie Sawada, MD, PhD; Manami Inoue, MD, PhD; et al.
This cohort study assesses the association between physical activity and risk of disabling dementia in Japan.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e224590. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.4590
NEUROLOGY
Pamela R. Bosch, PT, PhD; Amol M. Karmarkar, PhD; Indrakshi Roy, MS, PhD; et al.
This cross-sectional study examines whether Medicare-Medicaid dual eligibility and race and ethnicity are associated with stroke severity in Medicare beneficiaries admitted to acute hospitals with ischemic stroke.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e224596. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.4596
GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
Na Zhuo, MS; Chang Liu, PhD; Qi Zhang, PhD; et al.
This cohort study examines patients with gastrointestinal cancer to evaluate the characteristics of acquired resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e224637. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.4637
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Invited Commentary
Acquired Immunotherapy Resistance in Gastrointestinal Cancers
Mojun Zhu, MD; Tanios S. Bekaii-Saab, MD
JAMA Netw Open
PEDIATRICS
Lori Uscher-Pines, PhD; Colleen McCullough, MPA; Michael S. Dworsky, PhD; et al.
This cohort study of 8 large pediatric medical groups in California examines trends in pediatric subspecialty telehealth use during the COVID-19 pandemic.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e224759. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.4759
PUBLIC HEALTH
Leslie A. Musshafen, PhD, MBA, CRA, CPRA; Lamees El-Sadek, MHS; Seth T. Lirette, PhD; et al.
This cross-sectional study assesses comorbidity risks and in-hospital outcomes of American Indian and Alaska Native patients with COVID-19 compared with patients of other races and ethnicities.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e224822. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.4822
ONCOLOGY
Jeng-Sen Tseng, MD, PhD; Chun-Ju Chiang, PhD; Kun-Chieh Chen, MD, PhD; et al.
This cohort study examines characteristics of patients with small cell lung carcinoma who had a history of cigarette smoking vs never smoking between 1996 and 2018.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e224830. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.4830
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Invited Commentary
Small Cell Lung Cancer鈥擜 Neglected Disease With More Data Needed
Alberto Ruano-Raviña, MPH, PhD; Mariano Provencio-Pulla, MD, PhD; Mónica Pérez-Ríos, MPH, PhD
JAMA Netw Open
ONCOLOGY
Michael G. Milligan, MD, MBA; Inga T. Lennes, MD, MBA, MPH; Saif Hawari, MBBS; et al.
This cohort study of patients referred to a pulmonary nodule and lung cancer screening clinic assesses the value of radiation therapy and the role of radiation oncologists in this patient population.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e224840. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.4840
PUBLIC HEALTH
Sara Mazzilli, MSc; Lara Tavoschi, PhD; Alessandro Soria, MD; et al.
This cross-sectional study examines the incidence of COVID-19 in the prison population vs the general population in Lombardy, Italy.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e224862. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.4862
NUTRITION, OBESITY, AND EXERCISE
Rupak Shivakoti, PhD; Mary L. Biggs, PhD; Luc Djoussé, MD; et al.
This cohort study evaluates the association between total fiber and fiber source and inflammation in older patients from the Cardiovascular Health Study.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e225012. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.5012
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Tyler N. A. Winkelman, MD, MSc; Nayanjot K. Rai, MPH; Peter J. Bodurtha, MPP; et al.
This cohort study reports statewide trends in vaccine administration and vaccine effectiveness in Minnesota.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e225018. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.5018
OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
Monique M. Hedderson, PhD; Sylvia E. Badon, PhD; Noel Pimentel, BA; et al.
This cohort study compares the perinatal outcomes associated with initiating glyburide vs insulin among individuals with gestational diabetes.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e225026. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.5026
OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
Sujatha Srinivasan, PhD; Xing Hua, PhD; Michael C. Wu, PhD; et al.
This secondary analysis of a random clinical trial compares changes in the vaginal microbiota, metabolome, and pH among women using a vaginal estradiol tablet, moisturizer, or placebo.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e225032. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.5032
ONCOLOGY
Alison S. Rustagi, MD, PhD; Amy L. Byers, PhD, MPH; Salomeh Keyhani, MD, MPH
This cross-sectional, population-based study examines rates of lung cancer screening to evaluate whether health status and racial and ethnic disparities are associated with rates of screening.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e225318. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.5318
ONCOLOGY
Ryon P. Graf, PhD; Virginia Fisher, PhD; Janick Weberpals, RPh, PhD; et al.
This comparative effectiveness study assesses outcomes among patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) vs taxane chemotherapy, stratified by tumor mutational burden (TMB).
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e225394. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.5394
HEALTH POLICY
Kathleen Y. Li, MD, MS; Sophia Ng, PhD; Ziwei Zhu, MS; et al.
This cohort study evaluates the association between practice-level telehealth use and access to care for ambulatory care鈥搒ensitive conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e225484. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.5484
GERIATRICS
Sarinnapha M. Vasunilashorn, PhD; Tamara G. Fong, MD, PhD; Benjamin K. I. Helfand, MSc; et al.
This cohort study examines the internal consistency, reliability, and validity for clinical outcomes of a measure of delirium severity that was developed using advanced psychometric approaches.
JAMA Netw Open. 2022;5(3):e226129. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.6129