ONLINE FIRST
Desiree Leek, BS; Jordan A. Carlson, MA; Kelli L. Cain, MA; et al.
free access
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2011;165(4):294-299. doi:10.1001/archpediatrics.2010.252
ObjectiveTo document physical activity (PA) during organized youth soccer and baseball/softball practices.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingCommunity sports leagues in San Diego County, California.ParticipantsTwo hundred youth aged 7 to 14 years were recruited from 29 teams in 2 youth sports in middle-income cities with an approximately equal distribution across sports, sex, and age groups.Main ExposureYouth sports practices.Outcome MeasuresA sample of players wore accelerometers during practices. Minutes of PA at multiple intensity levels were calculated using established cutoff points. Participants were categorized as meeting or not meeting guidelines of at least 60 minutes of moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) during practice.ResultsThe overall mean for MVPA was 45.1 minutes and 46.1% of practice time. Participants on soccer teams (+13.7 minutes, +10.6% of practice time), boys (+10.7 minutes, +7.8% of practice time), and those aged 7 to 10 years (+7.0 minutes, +5.8% of practice time) had significantly more MVPA than their counterparts. Participants on soccer teams spent an average of 17.0 more minutes and 15.9% more of practice time in vigorous-intensity PA than those on baseball/softball teams. Overall, 24% of participants met the 60-minute PA guideline during practice, but fewer than 10% of 11-to 14-year-olds and 2% of girl softball players met the guideline.ConclusionsParticipation in organized sports does not ensure that youth meet PA recommendations on practice days. The health effects of youth sports could be improved by adopting policies that ensure participants obtain PA during practices.
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Editorial
Online First: Publishing Results Quickly
Frederick P. Rivara, MD, MPH
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med
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Youth Sports Programs: Contribution to Physical Activity
Russell R. Pate, PhD; Jennifer R. O鈥橬eill, PhD, MPH
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med
ONLINE FIRST
David Martínez-Gómez, MSc; Jonatan R. Ruiz, PhD; Sonia Gómez-Martínez, PhD; et al.
free access
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2011;165(4):300-305. doi:10.1001/archpediatrics.2010.244
ObjectiveTo examine the associations between active commuting to school and cognitive performance in adolescents.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingFive cities (Granada, Madrid, Murcia, Santander, and Zaragoza) in Spain.ParticipantsA total of 1700 adolescents (892 girls) aged 13 to 18.5 years.Main ExposuresMode and duration of transportation to school and participation in extracurricular physical activity were self-reported.Main Outcome MeasuresCognitive performance (verbal, numeric, and reasoning abilities and an overall score) was measured by the Spanish version of the SRA Test of Educational Ability.ResultsActive commuting to school was associated with better cognitive performance (all P聽<聽.05) in girls but not in boys, independent of potential confounders including participation in extracurricular physical activity. In addition, adolescent girls who spent more than 15 minutes actively commuting to school had better scores in 3 of the 4 cognitive performance variables (all P聽<聽.05) than those who spent less time actively commuting to school (鈮�15 minutes) as well as better scores in all of the cognitive performance variables (all P聽<聽.001) than girls inactively commuting.ConclusionActive commuting to school and its duration may positively influence cognitive performance in adolescent girls.
Journal Club
Deborah Koniak-Griffin, EdD, RNC; Janna Lesser, PhD, RN; Sumiko Takayanagi, PhD; et al.
free access
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2011;165(4):306-312. doi:10.1001/archpediatrics.2011.28
Marina Catallozzi, MD; Peter J. Simon, MD, MPH; Leslie L. Davidson, MD, MSc; et al.
free access
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2011;165(4):313-319. doi:10.1001/archpediatrics.2011.32
David S. Black, MPH; Ping Sun, PhD; Louise A. Rohrbach, PhD; et al.
free access
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2011;165(4):320-325. doi:10.1001/archpediatrics.2011.17
ONLINE FIRST
Mark Hamer, PhD; Tamsin Ford, PhD; Emmanuel Stamatakis, PhD; et al.
free access
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2011;165(4):326-331. doi:10.1001/archpediatrics.2010.243
ObjectiveTo examine the association between objectively assessed secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure and mental health in a representative sample of British children.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingCommunity-based population sample from the 2003 Scottish Health Survey.ParticipantsNine hundred one nonsmoking children (mean [SD] age, 8.3 [2.5] years).Main ExposureExposure to SHS was determined from salivary cotinine level and self-report.Main Outcome MeasurePsychological distress assessed using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ).ResultsForty percent of the sample demonstrated high SHS exposure (cotinine level >0.70 ng/mL). Children with higher cotinine levels were more likely to live in areas of greater socioeconomic deprivation. Participants in the highest cotinine quartile (>0.70 ng/mL) had significantly higher total SDQ scores compared with those in the lowest quartile (age- and sex-adjusted mean difference聽=聽2.8; 95% confidence interval, 1.6 to 3.9). There was evidence of a dose-response effect across the cotinine group (P trend聽=聽.001). Of the SDQ subscales, the strongest associations with cotinine levels emerged for hyperactivity and conduct disorder. These associations remained statistically significant after adjustment for possible confounders including social deprivation, single-parent status, body mass index, chronic illness, and physical activity.ConclusionObjectively assessed SHS exposure was associated with poorer mental health among children.
Frank C. Bandiera, MPH; Amanda Kalaydjian Richardson, PhD; David J. Lee, PhD; et al.
free access
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2011;165(4):332-338. doi:10.1001/archpediatrics.2011.30
Kieran J. Phelan, MD, MS; Jane Khoury, PhD; Yingying Xu, MS; et al.
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Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2011;165(4):339-345. doi:10.1001/archpediatrics.2011.29
ONLINE FIRST
Daphne C. Hernandez, PhD, MSEd; Lori A. Francis, PhD; Emily A. Doyle, MS
free access
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2011;165(4):346-353. doi:10.1001/archpediatrics.2010.253
ObjectivesTo investigate participation patterns in the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) among low-income children from kindergarten to fifth grade and to examine the ways in which participation influences sex differences in the trajectories of body mass index (BMI) through the eighth grade.DesignLongitudinal, secondary data analysis.SettingSample of low-income US children who entered kindergarten in 1998.ParticipantsGirls (n聽=聽574) and boys (n聽=聽566) from low-income families who participated in the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Kindergarten Cohort.Main ExposureParticipation in the NSLP.Main Outcome MeasuresTemporary and persistent patterns of NSLP participation, and age-specific and sex-specific BMI raw scores calculated at 5 data points.ResultsAmong the low-income children who attended schools that participated in the NSLP, both the children who persistently participated in the program and those who temporarily participated in the program displayed similar socioeconomically disadvantaged factors. Nonlinear mixed models indicated a larger rate of change in BMI (ie, an increase) among low-income, participating girls than among low-income, nonparticipating girls; however, mean BMIs did not significantly differ between low-income girls who participated and those who did not participate. No significant differences were observed among low-income boys.ConclusionsResults suggest that participation in the NSLP is associated with rapid weight gain for low-income girls but not for low-income boys.
Tumaini R. Coker, MD, MBA; Marc N. Elliott, PhD; Jan L. Wallander, PhD; et al.
free access
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2011;165(4):354-359. doi:10.1001/archpediatrics.2011.13
Brian A. Primack, MD, EdM, MS; Jennifer S. Silk, PhD; Christian R. DeLozier, BS; et al.
free access
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2011;165(4):360-365. doi:10.1001/archpediatrics.2011.27