Explore this ÌÇÐÄvlog essay series that explains the basics of statistical techniques used in clinical research, to help clinicians interpret and critically appraise the medical literature.
This JAMA Guide to Statistics and Methods article explains the test-negative study design, an observational study design routinely used to estimate vaccine effectiveness, and examines its use in a study that estimated the performance of messenger RNA boosters against the Omicron variant.
This JAMA Guide to Statistics and Methods article discusses accounting for competing risks in clinical research.
This JAMA Guide to Statistics and Methods article explains effect score analyses, an approach for evaluating the heterogeneity of treatment effects, and examines its use in a study of oxygen-saturation targets in critically ill patients.
This Guide to Statistics and Methods describes ethical considerations when a study population includes learner participants.
This Guide to Statistics and Methods describes common methods for building evidence of validity for a program within health professional education and provides a framework for program evaluation.
This Guide to Statistics and Methods provides an overview of performing curricular development research.
This Guide to Statistics and Methods describes the process of validation and gathering validity evidence for assessment tool development for surgical education research.
This Guide to Statistics and Methods describes the methods and pitfalls of experimental and quasi-experimental study designs in surgical education.
This Guide to Statistics and Methods provides an overview of the key features of pragmatic trials within the context of surgical education research using examples from the Flexibility in Duty-Hour Requirements for Surgical Trainees trial.
This Guide to Statistics and Methods provides an overview of simulation-based education and its impact on surgeon performance.
This Guide to Statistics and Methods provides an overview of the selection and application of qualitative research in surgical education.
This Guide to Statistics and Methods describes aspects of methods of survey research in surgical education, important considerations, and pitfalls and limitations.
This Guide to Statistics and Methods provides an overview of common flaws with surgical education research, including how to recognize and avoid them.
This Guide to Statistics and Methods gives an overview of artificial intelligence techniques and tools in surgical education research.
This JAMA Guide to Statistics and Methods explains the use of historical controls—persons who had received a specific control treatment in a previous study—when randomizing participants to that control treatment in a subsequent trial may not be practical or ethical.
This JAMA Guide to Statistics and Methods discusses the early stopping of clinical trials for futility due to lack of evidence supporting the desired benefit, evidence of harm, or practical issues that make successful completion unlikely.
This Special Communication describes the different types of effect size measures, and the selection of the appropriate effect size measure among the most frequently used effect sizes in clinical research.
This JAMA Guide to Statistics and Methods explains sequential, multiple assignment, randomized trial (SMART) study designs, in which some or all participants are randomized at 2 or more decision points depending on the participant’s response to prior treatment.
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