In Reply We agree with Rubin and Xue that frailty and dementia may confer independent prognostic information for mortality after major surgery. However, the objective of our article1 was not to identify independent risk factors for mortality. In our analytic sample, which included 1193 major surgeries from participants in the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS) from 2011 to 2017, the prevalence of having dementia without frailty, frailty without dementia, and both dementia and frailty was less than 1.0% (n鈥�<鈥�11), 15.4% (n鈥�=鈥�184), and 7.0% (n鈥�=鈥�84), respectively. These values, derived from a surgical subset of NHATS participants, differ considerably from those reported in the earlier cross-sectional study that included all 7609 community-living NHATS participants in 2011.2 Given the small cell sizes, power was insufficient to evaluate for an interaction between frailty and dementia in our analytic sample. In addition, the data policy of the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services and NHATS does not permit publication of any cell size less than 11.3