PUBLIC HEALTH
Holli A. Loomans-Kropp, PhD, MPH; Asad Umar, PhD, DVM
This cohort study of Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial data examined the association between gastrointestinal cancer and body mass index in adulthood and the association between changing body mass index and cancer risk.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2310002. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.10002
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Invited Commentary
Obesity and Gastrointestinal Cancer: A Life Course Perspective
Mengyao Shi, MBBS, MPH; Yin Cao, ScD, MPH
JAMA Netw Open
NEUROLOGY
Tobias D. Faizy, MD; Gabriel Broocks, MD; Jeremy J. Heit, MD, PhD; et al.
This cohort study investigates the potential treatment benefit of intravenous thrombolysis in patients with acute ischemic stroke due to large-vessel occlusion in whom successful mechanical reperfusion was not achieved.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2310213. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.10213
PSYCHIATRY
Julia A. Golier, MD; Xue Li, PhD; Marcel Bizien, PharmD; et al.
This phase 2a randomized clinical trial compares the clinical response to mifepristone and placebo in male veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder to determine whether there is a signal for clinical efficacy.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2310223. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.10223
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Ehsan Mostafavi, PhD; Sana Eybpoosh, PhD; Mohammad Karamouzian, PhD; et al.
This randomized clinical trial evaluates the efficacy and safety of the FINLAY-FR-2 and FINLAY-FR-1A COVID-19 vaccines in the Iranian population.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2310302. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.10302
HEALTH POLICY
Teri Fritsma, PhD; Carrie Henning-Smith, PhD, MPH, MSW; Jacqueline L. Gauer, MA; et al.
This cross-sectional survey study identifies factors associated with health care professionals choosing to practice in rural areas and how these factors vary across different profession types.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2310332. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.10332
GENETICS AND GENOMICS
Emily G. Miller, BA; Jennifer L. Young, PhD; Anoushka Rao; et al.
This systematic review examines demographic characteristics of participants in research studies on the personal utility of genetic and genomic testing in health care.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2310367. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.10367
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Francesco Menegale, MSc; Mattia Manica, PhD; Agnese Zardini, PhD; et al.
This systematic review and meta-analysis of studies reporting vaccine effectiveness at different time points since vaccine administration estimates the waning of protection provided by a variety of COVID-19 vaccine products.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2310650. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.10650
ETHICS
Kelly Thai, MPH; Kate H. Tsiandoulas, BA; Elizabeth A. Stephenson, MD; et al.
This qualitive study evaluates the opinions of individuals aged 10 to 18 years on the use of artificial intelligence in research, clinical trials, and therapeutic intervention.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2310659. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.10659
EQUITY, DIVERSITY, AND INCLUSION
Adeola Ayedun, MPH; Victoria Agbelese, MPH; Leslie Curry, PhD, MPH; et al.
This qualitative study investigates how administrators and faculty perceive the impact of MSTP status on MD-PhD program matriculant racial and ethnic diversity.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2310795. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.10795
PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION
Ida M. H. Borgen, PhD; Marianne Løvstad, PhD; Solveig L. Hauger, PhD; et al.
This randomized clinical trial assesses the effect of a home-based, individualized, and goal-oriented rehabilitation intervention among adult patients with chronic traumatic brain injury.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2310821. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.10821
ONCOLOGY
Masakazu Abe, MD; Takuhiro Yamaguchi, PhD; Yukiyoshi Fujita, PhD; et al.
This secondary analysis of the J-FORCE randomized clinical trial examines the effect of olanzapine plus triplet antiemetic therapy on chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in patients with a malignant tumor, stratified by 6 risk factors.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2310894. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.10894
NEPHROLOGY
Haitao Zhang, MD; Guisen Li, MD; Xueqing Yu, MD, PhD; et al.
This cohort study evaluates the progression of vascular calcification at different anatomical sites, identifies risk factors for vascular progression, and assesses the association of vascular progression with the risk of cardiovascular events and death among Chinese patients receiving maintenance dialysis.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2310909. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.10909
NEUROLOGY
Dongni Buvarp, MD, PhD; Adam Viktorisson, MD; Felix Axelsson, MSc; et al.
This cohort study examines whether increasing and decreasing physical activity or exercise is associated with functional recovery at 6 months after a stroke.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2310919. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.10919
PUBLIC HEALTH
Leah M. Santacroce, MS; Nancy E. Avis, PhD; Alicia B. Colvin, PhD; et al.
This cohort study uses data from the Study of Women鈥檚 Health Across the Nation to identify factors associated with improvements in physical health and function among women during midlife.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2311012. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.11012
NEUROLOGY
Danielle M. Ransom, PsyD, ABPP-CN; Luis M. Ahumada, PhD, MSCS; P. Patrick Mularoni, MD; et al.
This longitudinal cohort study investigates whether cumulative impact exposure is associated with oculomotor functioning in motorsport drivers from the INDYCAR professional open-wheel automobile racing series.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2311086. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.11086
IMAGING
Stanislas Roche, MD; Amandine Crombé, MD, PhD; Axel Benhamed, MD, MSc; et al.
This cohort study examines the types, frequencies, and risk factors for traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) on head computed tomography (CT) in children referred to emergency departments.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2311092. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.11092
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Dielle J. Lundberg, MPH; Elizabeth Wrigley-Field, PhD; Ahyoung Cho, MPP; et al.
This cross-sectional study examines contributions to decreases in racial and ethnic disparities in COVID-19 mortality among US adults from the initial wave to Omicron wave.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2311098. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.11098
ONCOLOGY
Charu Aggarwal, MPH, MD; Rotem Ben-Shachar, PhD; Yinjie Gao, MS; et al.
This cohort study evaluates tumor mutational burden and outcomes in patients with diverse advanced cancers treated with immunotherapy.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2311181. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.11181
ONCOLOGY
Joseph Arthur, MD; Varsha Pawate, MD; Zhanni Lu, DrPh; et al.
This randomized clinical trial compares patient perceptions of a question prompt sheet vs a general information sheet for facilitating patient-physician communication among patients with advanced cancer.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2311189. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.11189
HEALTH POLICY
Courtney R. Lee, MD, MPH; Elizabeth Taggert, MPH; Norma B. Coe, PhD; et al.
This cohort study examines whether passage of the Caregiver Advise, Record, Enable (CARE) Act was associated with improvements in patient experience.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2311253. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.11253
SUBSTANCE USE AND ADDICTION
Ryan S. Sultan, MD; Alexander W. Zhang, BA; Mark Olfson, MD, MPH; et al.
This cross-sectional study assesses the prevalence of nondisordered cannabis use among adolescents and associations of varying degrees of cannabis use with adverse psychosocial events among adolescents in the US.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2311294. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.11294
OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
Siwen Wang, MD; Lidia Minguez-Alarcon, PhD; Melissa Perez Capotosto, PhD; et al.
This cohort study of reproductive-age nurses evaluates the association of pregnancy intention and changes in pregnancy intention with the probability of pregnancy during a 12-month period.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2311301. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.11301
PUBLIC HEALTH
Charles A. Popkin, MD; Cole R. Morrissette, MD; Thomas A. Fortney, MD; et al.
This matched cohort study examines the mortality rates and causes of death among National Hockey League enforcers compared with matched controls from 1967 to 2022.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2311308. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.11308
EMERGENCY MEDICINE
Connor O鈥橦are, MD; Kelsey A. Grace, MD; William J. Schaeffer, DO; et al.
This cohort study evaluates the association of concerning computed tomography (CT) findings with outcomes and treatment of patients in the emergency department with acute, low-risk pulmonary embolism (PE).
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2311455. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.11455
PEDIATRICS
Patricia Chu, MD; Arya Patel, BS; Vicki Helgeson, PhD; et al.
This cross-sectional study examines whether there are associations between diabetes risk perception and/or awareness and health behaviors in youth.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2311466. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.11466
PUBLIC HEALTH
Amanda M. Fretts, PhD, MPH; David S. Siscovick, MD, MPH; Kimberly Malloy, PhD; et al.
This cohort study examines the association of objectively measured ambulatory activity with risk of premature death among young and middle-aged American Indian individuals.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2311476. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.11476
DIABETES AND ENDOCRINOLOGY
Ashu Rastogi, MD, DM; Sudhir A. Kulkarni, PhD; Sanjay Agarwal, MD; et al.
This randomized clinical trial evaluates the use of topical esmolol hydrochloride combined with standard of care treatment vs standard care alone in patients with diabetic foot ulcers.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2311509. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.11509
PSYCHIATRY
Tanya St. John, PhD; Annette M. Estes, PhD; Heather C. Hazlett, PhD; et al.
This cohort study investigates the association of sex, likelihood of autism based on family history, and structural brain alterations with executive function in children aged 2 years with high and low familial likelihood of autism.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2311543. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.11543
NUTRITION, OBESITY, AND EXERCISE
Rikki A. Cannioto, PhD, EdD; Kristopher M. Attwood, PhD; Evan W. Davis, MPH; et al.
This cohort study investigates whether adherence to overlapping cancer prevention lifestyle recommendations before, during, and after treatment was associated with recurrence or mortality among patients with high-risk breast cancer.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2311673. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.11673
OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
Isabelle Thomassin-Naggara, MD, PhD; Michele Monroc, MD; Benoit Chauveau, MD; et al.
This cohort study examines the use of the Deep Pelvic Endometriosis Index in staging deep pelvic endometriosis based on magnetic resonance imaging findings.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2311686. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.11686
HEALTH POLICY
Alexander Pomerantz, MD, MPP; Heidi G. De Souza, MPH; Matthew Hall, PhD; et al.
This cohort study simulates the outcomes of an algorithm identifying nonemergent emergency department (ED) visits to model racial and ethnic differences in classification of visits by pediatric patients.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2311752. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.11752
PEDIATRICS
Brynne A. Sullivan, MD; Ayush Doshi, BA; Pavel Chernyavskiy, PhD; et al.
This cohort study investigates the association of the Area Deprivation Index with in-hospital mortality of extremely premature infants and 3 key morbidities, including late-onset sepsis, necrotizing enterocolitis, and severe intraventricular hemorrhage.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2311761. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.11761
NEUROLOGY
Hassan Kobeissi, BS; Sherief Ghozy, MD; Gautam Adusumilli, MD; et al.
This systematic review and meta-analysis examines outcomes after endovascular therapy for acute ischemic stroke presenting after 24 hours.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2311768. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.11768
ONCOLOGY
Florent de Vathaire, PhD; Monia Zidane, MD, PhD; Constance Xhaard, PhD; et al.
This case-control study examines the association of radiation exposure from French atmospheric nuclear tests and risk of thyroid cancer among French Polynesia residents.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2311908. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.11908
PEDIATRICS
Melissa K. Cousino, PhD; Victoria A. Miller, PhD; Cynthia Smith, RN; et al.
This cross-sectional study evaluates the medical decision-making preferences of adolescents and young adults with advanced heart disease and their parents.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2311957. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.11957
ONCOLOGY
Xinan Wang, PhD, MS; Christopher W. Romero-Gutierrez, MS; Jui Kothari, MS; et al.
This cohort study examines the association of years since smoking cessation before diagnosis and cumulative smoking pack-years with overall survival in patients with non鈥搒mall cell lung cancer.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2311966. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.11966
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Teresa C. Liu, MD, MPH; Sun M. Yoo, MD, MPH; Myung S. Sim, DrPH; et al.
This cohort study assesses patients with perceived cognitive deficits following SARS-CoV-2 infection and the association of those deficits with post鈥揅OVID-19 condition (PCC).
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2311974. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.11974
SURGERY
Dong Tian, MD, PhD; Hao-Ji Yan, MD; Heng Huang, MD; et al.
This prognostic study evaluates a machine learning鈥揵ased prognostic model for predicting the survival of patients after lung transplantation.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2312022. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.12022
SUBSTANCE USE AND ADDICTION
Peter Treitler, MSW; Molly Nowels, MA, MS; Hillary Samples, PhD; et al.
This cross-sectional study assesses buprenorphine prescribing trends after the implementation of initiatives in New Jersey Medicaid designed to improve access.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2312030. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.12030
ONCOLOGY
Larry G. Kessler, ScD; Brian D. Nicholson, MBChB, DPhil; Hannah A. Burkhardt, PhD; et al.
This case-control study of US adults examines the association of weight loss with future lung cancer diagnosis.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2312042. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.12042
PEDIATRICS
Nansi S. Boghossian, PhD; Marco Geraci, PhD; Ciaran S. Phibbs, PhD; et al.
This cohort study examines the distribution of extremely preterm births between 2009 and 2020 stratified by neonatal intensive care resources at the delivery hospital in the US.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2312107. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.12107
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Daniel M. Weinberger, PhD; Liam Rose, PhD; Christopher Rentsch, PhD; et al.
This cohort study quantifies and compares the increase in death rates during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic betweeen individuals who received comprehensive medical care through the Veterans Affairs health care system and those in the general US population.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2312140. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.12140
DIABETES AND ENDOCRINOLOGY
Catherine Pihoker, MD; Barbara H. Braffett, PhD; Thomas J. Songer, PhD; et al.
This cohort study examines health, socioeconomic, structural, and other factors associated with access to and use of diabetes care in younger adults.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2312147. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.12147
PEDIATRICS
Sudhin Thayyil, MD, PhD; Paolo Montaldo, PhD; Vaisakh Krishnan, MD; et al.
This nested cohort study within a clinical trial assesses the association of whole-body hypothermia with magnetic resonance biomarkers and outcomes among neonates born at a tertiary care center vs other facilities in South Asia.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2312152. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.12152
PEDIATRICS
Nina B. Gold, MD; Sophia M. Adelson, BA; Nidhi Shah, MD; et al.
This survey study examines rare disease expert perspectives on newborn genome sequencing and which gene-disease pairs they consider appropriate for screening in newborns.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2312231. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.12231
EMERGENCY MEDICINE
Christian Dameff, MD, MS; Jeffrey Tully, MD; Theodore C. Chan, MD; et al.
This cohort study examines a hospital鈥檚 emergency department (ED) patient volume and stroke care metrics during a month-long ransomware attack on a geographically proximal but separate health care delivery organization.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2312270. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.12270
PEDIATRICS
Erik A. Jensen, MD, MSCE; Laura Elizabeth Wiener, DrPH; Matthew A. Rysavy, MD, PhD; et al.
This cohort study examines the association between postnatal corticosteroid therapy to prevent bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and risk of death or neurodevelopmental impairment and death or cerebral palsy in infants born at less than 27 weeks鈥 gestation.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2312277. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.12277
PSYCHIATRY
Cornelis F. Vos, MD; Sophie E. ter Hark, PharmD; Arnt F. A. Schellekens, MD, PhD; et al.
This randomized clinical trial examines whether tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) dosing based on pharmacogenetics according to the Dutch Pharmacogenetics Working Group guidelines results in faster attainment of therapeutic TCA plasma concentrations compared with usual treatment.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2312443. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.12443
HEALTH POLICY
Samyukta Mullangi, MD, MBA; Xiaoxue Chen, MPH; Timothy Pham, PharmD, PhD; et al.
This cohort study of claims and administrative data from US adults with cancer examines patient and physician factors associated with compliance with a payer-led program to standardize prescription practices and control drug costs.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2312461. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.12461
PUBLIC HEALTH
Charles C. Lanfear, PhD; Rebecca Bucci, PhD; David S. Kirk, PhD; et al.
This cohort study examines race, sex, and cohort differences in exposure to firearm violence in a representative longitudinal study of children who grew up in a large US city during periods with varying rates of firearm violence.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2312465. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.12465
PUBLIC HEALTH
Tianwei Xu, PhD; Reiner Rugulies, PhD; Jussi Vahtera, PhD; et al.
This cohort study examines whether clustering of and changes in workplace psychosocial resources are associated with sleep disturbances among workers concurrently and over the long term.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2312514. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.12514
HEALTH POLICY
Thomas R. Arkell, PhD; Luke A. Downey, PhD; Amie C. Hayley, PhD; et al.
This case series investigates whether patients using medical cannabis report improvements in health-related quality of life over time.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2312522. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.12522
NUTRITION, OBESITY, AND EXERCISE
Brittany Galuppo, BS; Giuseppina Rosaria Umano, MD, PhD; Zhongyao Li, RD; et al.
This cross-sectional study compares metabolic response to colonic fermentation in lean youth and youth with obesity.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2312530. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.12530
ONCOLOGY
Xin Wang, MD; Weiming Han, MD; Wencheng Zhang, MD; et al.
This randomized clinical trial compares the efficacy and safety of simultaneous integrated boost radiotherapy with concurrent and consolidated oral S-1 chemotherapy vs radiotherapy alone for patients aged 70 years and older with inoperable esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2312625. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.12625
OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
David Huang, MD; Brady Magaoay, MD; Mitchell P. Rosen, MD, HCLD; et al.
This cross-sectional study estimates the prevalence of fibroids in female participants from the 4 largest racial and ethnic groups in the United States.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2312701. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.12701
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Invited Commentary
Fibroid Prevalence鈥擲till So Much to Learn
Quaker E. Harmon, MD, PhD; Ky鈥橢ra V. Actkins, PhD; Donna D. Baird, PhD
JAMA Netw Open
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
Anish K. Agarwal, MD, MPH, MS; Juhi Mittal, MSc; Annie Tran, BS; et al.
This cross-sectional study analyzes social media content from academic emergency medicine physicians and resident physicians to investigate changes in content and language, from before vs during the COVID-19 pandemic, as indicators of their emotional well-being.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2312708. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.12708
SUBSTANCE USE AND ADDICTION
Kimberly L. Sue, MD, PhD; Marek Chawarski, PhD; Leslie Curry, PhD, MPH; et al.
This qualitative study evaluates the perspectives of clinicians and staff at community-based opioid use disorder treatment settings on linkages with emergency department鈥搃nitiated buprenorphine programs.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2312718. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.12718
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Invited Commentary
Identifying Barriers to OUD Treatment Linkage From the Emergency Department to the Community
Susan L. Calcaterra, MD, MPH; Marlene Martin, MD; Honora Englander, MD
JAMA Netw Open
EMERGENCY MEDICINE
Dong Hyun Choi, MD; Young Sun Ro, MD, DrPH; Jeong Ho Park, MD, PhD; et al.
This cohort study evaluates the association and mediating pathways between individual socioeconomic position and survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) among adults in Korea.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2312722. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.12722
PSYCHIATRY
Nilakshi Vaidya, MSc; Bharath Holla, MD; Jon Heron, PhD; et al.
This cohort study investigates potential arsenic-related syndromic alterations across multiple cognitive domains and associations of arsenic exposure with brain structure and function among children, adolescents, and young adults in India.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2312810. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.12810
ONCOLOGY
Mark A. D鈥橝ndrea, MD; Noam A. VanderWalde, MD, MS; Matthew T. Ballo, MD; et al.
This cohort study evaluates the feasibility and safety of diffusing alpha-emitter radiation therapy to treat recurrent or unresectable skin cancers.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2312824. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.12824
PSYCHIATRY
Alexandra Rouquette, MD, PhD; Arthur Descarpentry, MSc; Fallou Dione, MSc; et al.
This cohort study investigates the association between self-reported COVID-19鈥搇ike symptoms vs SARS-CoV-2 seropositivity and subsequent depression or anxiety in a nationally representative French population.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2312892. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.12892
ONCOLOGY
Tezer Kutluk, MD, PhD; Berksoy 艦ahin, MD; Meral Kirazl谋, MSc; et al.
This cross-sectional study examines the incidence and survival rates for Syrian adults and children with cancer residing in Turkey as refugees.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2312903. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.12903
EQUITY, DIVERSITY, AND INCLUSION
Danielle M. Krobath, PhD; Elena N. Naumova, PhD; Adolfo G. Cuevas, PhD; et al.
This cross-sectional study examines the utility of Bland-Altman analysis in quantifying the racial and ethnic representativeness of community-based populations in pediatric health research.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2312920. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.12920
OPHTHALMOLOGY
Youjuan Zhang, PhD; Xiu Juan Zhang, PhD; Nan Yuan, PhD; et al.
This cross-sectional study examines the association between secondhand smoke exposure and myopia among children aged 6 to 8 years in Hong Kong.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2313006. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.13006
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Edward Stenehjem, MD, MSc; Anthony Wallin, MD; Park Willis, MD; et al.
This quality improvement study compares antibiotic prescribing rates for respiratory conditions before, during, and after implementation of a multifaceted antibiotic stewardship initiative in a large urgent care network.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2313011. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.13011
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Invited Commentary
The Challenge of Outpatient Antibiotic Stewardship
Sena Sayood, MD; Michael J. Durkin, MD, MPH
JAMA Netw Open
ONCOLOGY
Jason A. Mouabbi, MD; Akshara Singareeka Raghavendra, MBBS, MS; Roland L. Bassett Jr, MS; et al.
This cohort study of women with hormone receptor鈥損ositive metastatic breast cancer treated with targeted therapy in combination with endocrine therapy compares the outcomes for those with low vs no ERBB2 expression.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2313017. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.13017
PEDIATRICS
Nikolaos G. Papadopoulos, MD, PhD; Alexander G. Mathioudakis, MD, PhD; Adnan Custovic, MSc, DM, MD, PhD; et al.
This survey study of health care professionals and clinical academics examines how asthma monitoring practices diverge internationally and to what extent these practices fall short of an ideal monitoring care pathway.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2313120. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.13120
PEDIATRICS
Yllza Xerxa, PhD; Tonya White, MD, PhD; Samantha Busa, PsyD; et al.
This cross-sectional study examines brain morphology correlates of gender diversity among adolescents from a general pediatric population in the Netherlands.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2313139. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.13139
PSYCHIATRY
Mei Elansary, MD, MPhil; Caroline J. Kistin, MD, MSc; Jocelyn Antonio, MPH; et al.
This randomized clinical trial compares the effectiveness of immediate referral strategy with short-term management of symptoms among pregnant and peripartum persons with screen-detected depression.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2313151. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.13151
OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
James Hong, MD; Jessica Atkinson, BBiomedSc; Alexandra Roddy Mitchell, MPH; et al.
This systematic review and meta-analysis assesses maternal labor-related and neonatal outcomes associated with elective induction of labor at 39 weeks of gestation compared with expectant management.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2313162. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.13162
PEDIATRICS
Claire de Oliveira, PhD; Tomisin Iwajomo, MPH; Paul Kurdyak, MD, PhD
This cohort study examines the characteristics and costs of children and adolescents in Canada with high health care costs who use mostly mental health care, the proportion of patients with persistently highest costs, and the factors associated with persisting in a high-cost state.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2313172. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.13172
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
Alexis Amano, MS; Cati G. Brown-Johnson, PhD; Marcy Winget, PhD; et al.
This qualitative study examines the perspectives of attending physicians and resident physicians on the use of electronic health records.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2313178. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.13178
PUBLIC HEALTH
Shaopeng Yang, MD; Zhuoting Zhu, MD, PhD; Yixiong Yuan, MD; et al.
This cohort study of health data from British adults that was validated with a cohort of Chinese adults examines the use of using retinal ganglion cell鈥搃nner plexiform layer thickness metabolic profiles to estimate risk of mortality and 6 common diseases vs clinical indicators.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2313220. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.13220
NEUROLOGY
Mona Ameri Chalmer, MD, PhD; Lisette J. A. Kogelman, MSc, PhD; Henrik Ullum, MD, PhD; et al.
This case-control study assesses the clinical characteristics of menstrual migraine and proposes new diagnostic criteria for menstrual migraine and menstrually related migraine.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2313235. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.13235
PEDIATRICS
Paul L. Aronson, MD, MHS; Jeffrey P. Louie, MD; Ellen Kerns, PhD, MPH; et al.
This cross-sectional study examines the prevalence of urinary tract infection (UTI), bacteremia, and bacterial meningitis among febrile infants aged 8 to 60 days with SARS-CoV-2.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2313354. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.13354
NEPHROLOGY
Yunlin Feng, MD; Amanda Y. Wang, MD, PhD; Min Jun, PhD; et al.
This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluates published acute kidney injury prediction models across all clinical subsettings.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2313359. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.13359
GERIATRICS
Nancy L. Schoenborn, MD, MHS; Cynthia M. Boyd, MD, MPH; Craig E. Pollack, MD, MHS
This survey study examines how different ways of presenting patients鈥 health information are associated with physician decision-making about cancer screening cessation for older adults.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2313367. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.13367
EMERGENCY MEDICINE
Giacomo Strapazzon, MD, PhD; Simon Rauch, MD, PhD; Sandro Malacrida, PhD; et al.
This comparative effectiveness study assesses an artificial air-pocket device vs a placebo control to delay onset of hypoxia during snow burial in a supine position.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2313376. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.13376
PEDIATRICS
Prasanna Ananth, MD, MPH; Meghan Lindsay, MPH; Sophia Mun, MPH; et al.
This survey study investigates the quality measures prioritized by parents of children who died from cancer.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2313503. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.13503
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Invited Commentary
Quantitative Assessment of Parent and Patient Preferences
Ahmed M. Bayoumi, MD, MSc
JAMA Netw Open
PUBLIC HEALTH
Karen L. Schneider, PhD; Elizabeth J. Bell, MPH, PhD; Cindy. K. Zhou, PhD; et al.
This cohort study assesses whether adding Immunization Information System vaccination data to administrative claims data can help improve ascertainment of COVID-19 vaccination status among commercially insured US adults.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2313512. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.13512
NEUROLOGY
Richard L. Nahin, MPH, PhD; Termeh Feinberg, MPH, PhD; Flavia P. Kapos, DDS, MS, PhD; et al.
This cohort study uses data from the 2019-2020 National Health Interview Survey Longitudinal Cohort to assess rates of incident and persistent chronic pain and high-impact chronic pain among US adults across demographic groups.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2313563. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.13563
SURGERY
Deepika Mohan, MD, MPH; Jonathan Elmer, MD; Robert M. Arnold, MD; et al.
This pilot randomized clinical trial conducted among emergency physicians tests the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effect of a novel deliberate practice intervention to improve diagnostic reasoning in trauma triage.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2313569. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.13569
HEALTH POLICY
So-Yeon Kang, PhD, MBA; Angela Liu, MPH; Gerard Anderson, PhD; et al.
This cohort study examines when and how frequently patients use manufacturer coupons during a treatment episode for a chronic condition and examines the factors associated with more frequent use.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2313578. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.13578
PUBLIC HEALTH
Meagan C. Fitzpatrick, PhD; Seyed M. Moghadas, PhD; Thomas N. Vilches, PhD; et al.
This decision analytical model estimates whether increases in COVID-19 bivalent booster vaccination uptake in the eligible US population would be associated with reduced hospitalizations and school absenteeism among children.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2313586. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.13586
GERIATRICS
Sara D. Turbow, MD, MPH; Mohammed K. Ali, MD, MSc, MBA; Steven D. Culler, PhD; et al.
This cohort study uses Medicare data to examine the association of fragmented hospital readmissions and information sharing with discharge destination in older adults.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2313592. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.13592
ONCOLOGY
Min Ho An, MD; Min Seo Kim, MD; Chungsoo Kim, PharmD; et al.
This cohort study examines the risk of all-cause mortality, bladder instillation, and radical cystectomy in older males with filled prescriptions for a 5伪-reductase inhibitor 1 year before a bladder cancer (BC) diagnosis.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2313667. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.13667
IMAGING
Wen-Juan Tong, MM; Shao-Hong Wu, MM; Mei-Qing Cheng, MM; et al.
This diagnostic study describes the development of an optimized integration of artificial intelligence decision aids for reducing radiologists鈥 workload while maintaining diagnostic performance compared with traditional artificial intelligence鈥揳ssisted strategy.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2313674. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.13674
GENETICS AND GENOMICS
European Alzheimer鈥檚 & Dementia Biobank Mendelian Randomization (EADB-MR) Collaboration
This genetic association study uses mendelian randomization to examine potentially causal aspects of modifiable genetic risk factors for Alzheimer disease.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2313734. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.13734
MEDICAL JOURNALS AND PUBLISHING
Marcus A. Florez, PhD; Joseph Abi Jaoude, MD; Roshal R. Patel, MD; et al.
This cross-sectional study assesses the frequency of reporting of primary end point changes among active oncology phase 3 randomized clinical trials.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2313819. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.13819
ONCOLOGY
Wei-Ting Chang, MD; Hui-Wen Lin, BSc; Ting-Chia Chang, MD; et al.
This cohort study compares risk of death and major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events among patients with non鈥搒mall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) receiving tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) vs those not receiving TKIs in a nationwide cohort in Taiwan.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2313824. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.13824
NEUROLOGY
Deborah A. Levine, MD, MPH; Bingxin Chen, MS; Andrzej T. Galecki, MD, PhD; et al.
This cohort study evaluates associations of poststroke systolic blood pressure, glucose, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels with cognitive decline among survivors of stroke.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2313879. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.13879
PHARMACY AND CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
Nancy E. Morden, MD, MPH; Weiping Zhou, MS; Ziad Obermeyer, MD, MPhil, PhD; et al.
This cohort study examines changes in prescription fill rates of 5 groups of medications for chronic diseases during the first 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic among enrollees in fee-for-service Medicare.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2313919. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.13919
HEALTH INFORMATICS
Samira Reyes Dassum, MD; Hillary J. Mull, PhD; Samuel Golenbock, MSc; et al.
This cohort study describes the development of an informatics tool to improve detection of periprocedural antibiotic allergy adverse events.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2313964. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.13964
EMERGENCY MEDICINE
Matthew Hansen, MD, MCR; Grace Walker-Stevenson, MS; Nathan Bahr, PhD; et al.
This cross-sectional simulation study compares the quality of pediatric and adult resuscitation from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) in a controlled environment and evaluates whether teamwork, knowledge, experience, and cognitive load are associated with resuscitation performance.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2313969. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.13969
ONCOLOGY
Samilia Obeng-Gyasi, MD, MPH; Mohamed I. Elsaid, PhD, MPH; Yurong Lu, MA; et al.
This cohort study evaluates the association of allostatic load with all-cause mortality in patients with breast cancer.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2313989. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.13989
HEMATOLOGY
Kelly M. Harris, PhD, CCC-SLP; Liliana Preiss, MS; Taniya Varughese, MSOT; et al.
This cross-sectional study examines the associations of educational attainment, employment status, and mental health with pain episode frequency and severity among individuals with sickle cell disease.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2314070. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.14070
PEDIATRICS
Terri Voepel-Lewis, PhD; Thea Senger-Carpenter, MSN; Bingxin Chen, MA; et al.
This cohort study assesses co-occurring pain, psychological, and sleep disturbance symptom trajectories in a diverse cohort of children and the association of symptom trajectory with health care utilization
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2314135. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.14135
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Barbara E. Jones, MD, MS; Aaron L. Sarvet, PhD; Jian Ying, PhD; et al.
This cohort study examines the incidence, variability, outcomes, and population attributable mortality of non鈥搗entilator-associated hospital-acquired pneumonia in the US.
has audio
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2314185. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.14185
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Podcast:
Non鈥揤entilator-Associated Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia in US Hospitals
PEDIATRICS
Simone Kaltenhauser; Clara F. Weber; Huang Lin; et al.
This cross-sectional study evaluates the association of body mass index and waist circumference with imaging metrics that approximate brain health among participants from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2314193. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.14193
HEALTH POLICY
Stacie B. Dusetzina, PhD; Robert J. Besaw, MPH; Christine C. Whitmore, PhD; et al.
This survey study evaluates cost-related medication nonadherence and desire for medication cost information among adults aged 65 years and older in the US in 2022.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2314211. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.14211
PEDIATRICS
Harsita Patel, MBBS; Amalia Sintou, MSc; Rasheda A. Chowdhury, PhD; et al.
This diagnostic study assesses the presence of anticardiac autoantibodies in children with multisystem inflammatory syndrome and COVID-19 vaccine鈥搃nduced myocarditis.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2314291. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.14291
PEDIATRICS
Samuel Sandboge, MD, PhD; Katri Räikkönen, PhD; Marius Lahti-Pulkkinen, PhD; et al.
This secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial investigates the effect of increased vitamin D supplementation up to age 2 years on the risk of internalizing, externalizing, and total psychiatric problems at ages 6 to 8 years.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2314319. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.14319
HEALTH POLICY
Erin A. Taylor, MSPH, PhD; Jonathan H. Cantor, PhD; Ashley C. Bradford, MPA; et al.
This cross-sectional study explores changes in methadone and buprenorphine dispensing after the implementation of Medicare policy changes regarding payment and access in 2020.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2314328. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.14328
NEUROLOGY
Marc S. Weinberg, MD, PhD; Affan Zafar, MD; Colin Magdamo, BS; et al.
This cohort study evaluates the use of BCG vaccine in patients with non鈥搈uscle-invasive bladder cancer who were at risk for Alzheimer disease and related dementias.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2314336. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.14336
PUBLIC HEALTH
Elyse O. Kharbanda, MD, MPH; Jacob Haapala, MPH; Heather S. Lipkind, MD, MS; et al.
This cross-sectional study assesses whether COVID-19 booster vaccination of pregnant people is associated with spontaneous abortion.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2314350. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.14350
PHARMACY AND CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
David T. W. Lui, MBBS; Matthew S. H. Chung, BSc; Eric H. Y. Lau, PhD; et al.
This cohort study examines the effectiveness of molnupiravir and nirmatrelvir-ritonavir in nonhospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes and SARS-CoV-2 infection during the Omicron wave in Hong Kong.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2314393. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.14393
ANESTHESIOLOGY
Marion Voute, MSc; Céline Lambert, MSc; Bruno Pereira, PhD; et al.
This cohort study examines clinical pain trajectories with repeated ketamine administration to explore whether racemic ketamine dose, pretreatment depressive, or pretreatment anxiety symptoms mediate pain relief in patients with treatment-resistant chronic pain.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2314406. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.14406
PEDIATRICS
Sharon Levy, MD, MPH; Melissa Brogna, MSW; Machiko Minegishi, MD, MSW, MPH; et al.
This cross-sectional study evaluates the psychometric properties of 3 brief screening tools that measure past-year frequency of nicotine/tobacco, alcohol, cannabis, and other drug use and their efficacy in identifying substance use disorders among youths.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2314422. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.14422
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Jeffrey S. Berger, MD, MS; Matthew D. Neal, MD; Lucy Z. Kornblith, MD; et al.
This randomized clinical trial of patients hospitalized for COVID-19 examines whether P2Y12 inhibition increased days alive and free of organ support.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2314428. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.14428
CARDIOLOGY
Lama Ghazi, MD, PhD; Jincheng Shen, PhD; Jian Ying, PhD; et al.
This secondary analysis of the randomized clinical Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT) develops a model to estimate the patient-specific benefits of intensive vs standard systolic blood pressure (SBP) treatment among adults with high cardiovascular risk.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2314443. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.14443
DIABETES AND ENDOCRINOLOGY
Aditi R. Saxena, MD, MMSc; Juan P. Frias, MD; Lisa S. Brown, BS, MT(ASCP); et al.
This randomized clinical trial investigates the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of danuglipron treatment for 16 weeks in adults with type 2 diabetes and inadequate glycemic control on diet and exercise, with or without the use of metformin.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2314493. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.14493
CARDIOLOGY
Johanna Persson, MD; Albert Gyllencreutz Castellheim, MD, PhD; Mikael Dellborg, PhD; et al.
This cohort study examines changes in the survival rates of individuals born with tetralogy of Fallot from 1970 to 2017 in Sweden.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2314504. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.14504
ONCOLOGY
Rebecca A. Aslakson, MD; Elizabeth Rickerson, MD; Bridget Fahy, MD; et al.
This randomized clinical trial evaluates the use of surgeon鈥損alliative care team comanagement to improve health-related quality of life among individuals undergoing curative-intent surgery for upper gastrointestinal cancers.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2314660. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.14660
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Invited Commentary
Early Palliative Care Consultation Before High-risk Surgery
Barbara Haas, MD, PhD; Gordon D. Rubenfeld, MD, MSc
JAMA Netw Open
CARDIOLOGY
Sung Jun Park, MD; You Jung Ok, MD; Ho Jin Kim, MD; et al.
This cohort study compares the long-term outcomes associated with mechanical and biologic prostheses in aortic valve replacement and mitral valve replacement according to recipient鈥檚 age using a nationwide administrative data in Korea.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2314671. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.14671
OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
John J. Byrne, MD, MPH; Amir A. Shamshirsaz, MD; Alison G. Cahill, MD, MSCI; et al.
This cohort study investigates maternal and perinatal outcomes associated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) used for pregnant patients with COVID-19 respiratory failure.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2314678. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.14678
NUTRITION, OBESITY, AND EXERCISE
Nathalie Rassy, PhD; Alexis Van Straaten, MSc; Claire Carette, MD, PhD; et al.
This cohort study uses UK Biobank data to examine the association of adhering to healthy lifestyle factors with the incidence of obesity-related diseases.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2314741. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.14741
ONCOLOGY
Constantinos Zamboglou, MD, PhD; Jan C. Peeken, PhD; Ali Janbain, MSc; et al.
This cohort study develops and validates a nomogram of for prediction of freedom from biochemical failure after prostate-specific antigen membrane positron-emission tomography鈥揵ased salvage radiotherapy for recurrent or persistent prostate cancer.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2314748. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.14748
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Mayan Gilboa, MD; Tal Gonen, MD; Noam Barda, MD, PhD; et al.
This cohort study assesses associations of levels of humoral response with protection from SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection, symptomatic disease, and infectivity among vaccinated health care workers in Israel.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2314757. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.14757
OPHTHALMOLOGY
Jiyeong Kim, PhD; Ko Eun Kim, MD, PhD; Ji Hong Kim, MD; et al.
This cohort study uses national health insurance claims data to evaluate the practice patterns of timing and modality for hydroxychloroquine retinopathy screening in South Korea.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2314816. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.14816
HEALTH POLICY
Prachi Sanghavi, PhD; Zihan Chen, MPP
This quality improvement study assesses facility-reported rates of major injury falls and pressure ulcers in nursing homes across the US and investigates whether nursing home characteristics are associated with underreporting of these measures.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2314822. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.14822
GENETICS AND GENOMICS
Alexandra J. Borst, MD; Adrienne M. Hammill, MD, PhD; Shelley E. Crary, MD; et al.
This survey study reports on the current logistics and challenges of ordering and coordinating insurance authorization for genetic testing for pediatric patients with vascular anomalies.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2314829. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.14829
DIABETES AND ENDOCRINOLOGY
Albert Shieh, MD; Gail A. Greendale, MD; Jane A. Cauley, DrPH; et al.
This cohort study uses data from the Study of Women鈥檚 Health Across the Nation to evaluate whether prediabetes before the menopause transition is associated with incident fracture during and after the menopause transition.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2314835. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.14835
PEDIATRICS
Ho Geol Woo, MD, PhD; Sangil Park, MD; Hyunju Yon, MD; et al.
This survey study of more than 1 million Korean adolescents examines whether the observed sadness and suicidality in the early to middle periods of the COVID-19 pandemic differed from the expected level and investigates changes in risk factors for sadness and suicidality.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2314838. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.14838
EMERGENCY MEDICINE
Federico E. Vaca, MD, MPH; James Dziura, PhD; Fuad Abujarad, PhD; et al.
This randomized clinical trial compares the effectiveness of an automated bilingual computerized alcohol screening and intervention with standard care for the reduction of alcohol use among US adult Latino emergency department patients with unhealthy drinking.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2314848. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.14848
PUBLIC HEALTH
Eustina G. Kwon, MD, MPH; Samuel E. Rice-Townsend, MD; Lauren L. Agoubi, MD; et al.
This cross-sectional study assesses the rate of death due to assault-related firearm injury stratified by community-level social vulnerability and state-level gun laws in a national cohort of US youths aged 10 to 19 years.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2314863. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.14863
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
Yu Zhang, BA; Vicente Mustieles, PhD; Qi Sun, MD, ScD; et al.
This cohort study examines the outcomes associated with folate status and exposure to perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances in women who are pregnant.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2314934. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.14934
HEALTH POLICY
Esther Y. T. Yu, MBBS; Eric Y. F. Wan, PhD; Ivy L. Mak, PhD; et al.
This cohort study investigates hypertension-related complications and health service use at 5 years among patients who participated in a multicomponent intervention designed to improve the quality of hypertension management in the primary care setting in Hong Kong.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2315064. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.15064
OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
Douglas Luchristt, MD, MPH; C. Emi Bretschneider, MD; Kimberly Kenton, MD, MS; et al.
This cross-sectional study evaluates whether patient race, ethnicity, and sociodemographic characteristics are associated with receipt of anticholinergic vs 尾3-agonist medications to treat overactive bladder.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2315074. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.15074
GLOBAL HEALTH
Lilia Bliznashka, PhD; Susan M. Rattigan, BA; Christopher R. Sudfeld, ScD; et al.
This systematic review evaluates the evidence on postdischarge interventions to improve outcomes among children treated for acute malnutrition within 6 months after discharge.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2315077. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.15077
EQUITY, DIVERSITY, AND INCLUSION
Gabe H. Miller, PhD; Guadalupe Marquez-Velarde, PhD; Alex R. Mills, PharmD, BCACP, AAHIVP; et al.
This cross-sectional study examines whether patients鈥 perceived levels of clinician knowledge of transgender health care are associated with self-rated health status and psychological distress among transgender adults in the US.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2315083. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.15083
PSYCHIATRY
Chanyoung Ko, MD; Jae-Hyun Lim, MD; JaeSeong Hong, BBA; et al.
This diagnostic study demonstrates a joint attention鈥揵ased deep learning model that distinguishes children with autism spectrum disorder from those with typical development and differentiated autism spectrum disorder symptom severity levels.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2315174. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.15174
SURGERY
Dino Kröll, MD; Philipp C. Nett, MD; Nikki Rommers, MD; et al.
This randomized clinical trial assesses the efficacy and safety of rivaroxaban as postoperative thromboprophylaxis in patients undergoing bariatric surgery.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2315241. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.15241
ONCOLOGY
Yannan Lin, MD, MPH; Li-Jung Liang, PhD; Ruiwen Ding, BS; et al.
This cohort study investigates factors associated with patient nonadherence to lung cancer screening recommendations across multiple time points.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2315250. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.15250
OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
Jennifer A. Jairam, MSc; Simone N. Vigod, MD, MSc; Arjumand Siddiqi, ScD; et al.
This cohort study evaluates the association of neighborhood income mobility and risk of neonatal and maternal morbidity among patients in Ontario, Canada.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2315301. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.15301
PEDIATRICS
Elizabeth G. Salazar, MD; Diana Montoya-Williams, MD, MSHP; Molly Passarella, MS; et al.
This cohort study examines the association of the Maternal Vulnerability Index (MVI) with preterm birth (PTB) and severity of PTB, both overall and stratified by physical, social, and health care factors included in the index.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2315306. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.15306
PEDIATRICS
Samuel J. Gentle, MD; Matthew A. Rysavy, MD, PhD; Lei Li, PhD; et al.
This secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial investigated whether estimated risk for grades 2 to 3 bronchopulmonary dysplasia or death is associated with the effect of hydrocortisone on the composite efficacy and safety outcomes among extremely premature infants.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2315315. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.15315
HEALTH POLICY
Kao-Ping Chua, MD, PhD; Marc C. Thorne, MD; Chad M. Brummett, MD; et al.
This qualitative study assesses surgeons鈥 perspectives regarding a change in the default number of doses for opioid prescriptions written through an electronic health record system to adolescents and young adults undergoing tonsillectomy.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2315633. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.15633
PEDIATRICS
Claire M. Ghetti, PhD; Tora Söderström Gaden, PhD; 艁ucja Bieleninik, Dr habil; et al.
This randomized clinical trial conducted in 5 countries examines the effect of parent-led, infant-directed singing on parent-infant bonding at 6 and 12 months.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2315750. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.15750
HEALTH POLICY
David C. Grabowski, PhD; Anuraag R. Kansal, PhD; Dana P. Goldman, PhD; et al.
This cross-sectional study uses data from the Medical Expenditure Panel Study to assess the association of cancer history with employment, income, receipt of disability insurance, and medical expenditures in the US.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2315823. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.15823
RHEUMATOLOGY
Bruna de Oliveira Ascef, MD, PhD; Matheus Oliveira Almeida, MD, PhD; Ana Cristina de Medeiros-Ribeiro, MD, PhD; et al.
This systematic review and meta-analysis assesses the efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity associated with biosimilars of adalimumab, etanercept, and infliximab compared with their reference biologics for patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2315872. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.15872
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Siwen Wang, MD; Tianyi Huang, ScD; Marc G. Weisskopf, PhD, ScD; et al.
This cohort study uses data from the Nurses鈥 Health Study II to examine the association of multidimensional sleep health with post鈥揅OVID-19 condition.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2315885. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.15885
INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Michael E. Ohl, MD, MSPH; Kelly Richardson Miell, PhD; Brice F. Beck, MA; et al.
This cohort study uses Veterans Health Administration and Medicare data to compare outcomes among veterans admitted for COVID-19 in Veterans Health Administration vs community hospitals.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2315902. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.15902
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Invited Commentary
Is COVID-19 Care Better in Veterans Health Administration Hospitals, Ceteris Paribus?
Michael Klompas, MD, MPH; Barbara E. Jones, MD, MS
JAMA Netw Open
NEPHROLOGY
Mengmeng Ji, PhD, MBBS; Amanda J. Vinson, MD; Su-Hsin Chang, PhD, SM; et al.
This cohort study uses national US transplant registry data to assess patterns in kidney use and kidney transplant outcomes among adult recipients of kidneys from deceased donors with active or resolved COVID-19.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2315908. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.15908
NUTRITION, OBESITY, AND EXERCISE
Debby Vreeken, MS; Florine Seidel, MS; Emma M. Custers, MS; et al.
This cohort study investigates the association of changes in adipokines, inflammatory factors, mood, and physical activity with alterations in cognitive function after bariatric surgery.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2315936. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.15936
GLOBAL HEALTH
Bryan Wilder, PhD; Clara Pons-Duran, PhD; Frederick G. B. Goddard, MS, PhD; et al.
This prognostic study develops and describes a series of predictive models to identify women who are at high risk of failing to attend antenatal care in a rural setting in Ethiopia.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2315985. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.15985
PEDIATRICS
William MacDougall, MD; Xuejing Jiang, MSc; Shamsia Sobhan, MSc; et al.
This cross-sectional study investigates whether younger riders are at risk for more severe all-terrain vehicle (ATV)鈥搑elated injuries compared with older riders in Canada.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2316060. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.16060
PEDIATRICS
Katie Mckinnon, MBBS; Paola Galdi, PhD; Manuel Blesa-Cábez, PhD; et al.
This cohort study investigates associations of gestational age at birth and socioeconomic status with neonatal brain morphology in a cohort of preterm and full-term infants in the United Kingdom.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2316067. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.16067
ONCOLOGY
Nicholas S. Phillips, MD, PhD; Kayla L. Stratton, MS; AnnaLynn M. Williams, PhD; et al.
This cohort study examines whether aging adult childhood cancer survivors report more new-onset neurocognitive impairments compared with their siblings and identifies factors associated with such impairments.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2316077. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.16077
PSYCHIATRY
Holly Christina Smith, MSc, BSc; Irene Petersen, PhD, MSc; Patricia Schartau, BS, PhD, MBBS, DFSRH
This cohort study assesses the association of recent fatherhood with antidepressant treatment compared with men who did not have a child in the previous year.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2316105. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.16105
PSYCHIATRY
Angela Difeng Wu, MSc; Min Gao, PhD; Paul Aveyard, PhD; et al.
This cohort study assesses changes in anxiety and depression following smoking cessation using 3 confirmatory coprimary analytical approaches.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2316111. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.16111
SUBSTANCE USE AND ADDICTION
Theresa E. Matson, PhD, MPH; Kevin A. Hallgren, PhD; Gwen T. Lapham, PhD, MPH, MSW; et al.
This cross-sectional study evaluates the psychometric properties of the Substance Use Symptom Checklist to assess substance use disorder in a primary care setting among adult patients reporting daily cannabis and/or other drug use.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2316283. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.16283
NEUROLOGY
Taylor R. Zuidema, MS; Jeffrey J. Bazarian, MD; Kyle A. Kercher, PhD; et al.
This cohort study examines associations of brain injury鈥搑elated clinical and blood biomarkers with exposure to head impacts among adolescent football players during a football season.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e2316601. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.16601
EQUITY, DIVERSITY, AND INCLUSION
Christopher F. Chesley, MD, MSCE; Marzana Chowdhury, PhD; Dylan S. Small, PhD; et al.
This cohort study uses electronic health record data to measure racial and ethnic disparities in hospital length of stay and assess the associations of patient- and hospital-level factors with length of stay among adult patients at high risk presenting with sepsis or acute respiratory failure.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e239739. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.9739
MEDICAL EDUCATION
Karina Pereira-Lima, PhD, MSc; Lisa M. Meeks, PhD, MA; Katherine E. T. Ross, BS, BA; et al.
This cohort study assesses the frequency of disability reporting and request for accommodations among first-year resident physicians with disabilities and identifies possible drivers of nonrequest for needed accommodations among this population.
JAMA Netw Open. 2023;6(5):e239981. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.9981
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Invited Commentary
Stigma Associated With Requesting Accommodations鈥攖he High Cost of Ableism in Medicine
Meaghan Roy-O鈥橰eilly, MD, PhD; Arghavan Salles, MD, PhD
JAMA Netw Open