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Mission Statement: The mission of ÌÇÐÄvlog Open is to improve health, health care, and health equity worldwide through open access dissemination of high-quality, innovative, general medical research and commentary by and for a broad range of clinicians, researchers, policy makers, and public health and health care leaders.

• Eli N. Perencevich, MD, MS (internal medicine, epidemiology, infectious disease), University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa

• Stephan D. Fihn, MD, MPH (internal medicine, health services), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington

• Elizabeth A. Jacobs, MD, MAPP (internal medicine, health policy), Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts

• Howard S. Kim, MD, MS (emergency medicine, substance use disorder), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois

• Jesse A. Berlin, ScD (biostatistics, epidemiology), School of Public Health, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey

• Sebastien J. P. A. Haneuse, PhD (biostatistics, epidemiology), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts

• Suzanne V. Arnold, MD (cardiology), University of Missouri, Kansas City, Missouri

• Fumiko Chino, MD (oncology), MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas

• Angel N. Desai, MD, MPH (infectious disease, internal medicine), University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California

• Utibe R. Essien, MD, MPH (cardiology, health equity, health policy), University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California

• Kate Dimond Fitzgerald, MD, MS (child and adolescent psychiatry and neuroimaging), Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons and New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York

• Faith M. Gunning, PhD (psychiatry, neuroimaging), Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, New York, New York

• Okeoma Onyekachi Mmeje, MD, MPH (obstetrics and gynecology, health equity, infectious disease), University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan

• Arden M. Morris, MD, MPH (surgery), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California

• Roisin E. O'Cearbhaill, MD (oncology), Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York

• Olugbenga Ogedegbe, MD, MS, MPH (internal medicine, population health), New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York

• Francisco J. Pasquel, MD, MPH (endocrinology, epidemiology, internal medicine), Department of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia

• Elizabeth Powell, MD, MPH (emergency medicine, pediatrics), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois

• Alejandro A. Rabinstein, MD (neurology, critical care), Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota

• Gordon D. Rubenfeld, MD, MSc (critical care), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

• Kaveh G. Shojania, MD (internal medicine, patient safety, quality improvement), Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

• Supriya Shore, MD (internal medicine, cardiology), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan

• Lawrence N. Shulman, MD (hematology, oncology), University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

• Stephanie A. Studenski, MD (geriatrics, internal medicine), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

• Beth A. Tarini, MD, MS, MBA (pediatrics), Children's National Hospital, Washington DC

• Rachel M. Werner, MD, PhD (health economics, internal medicine), Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

• Roy H. Perlis, MD, MSc (AI, psychiatry), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts

• Monica Vela, MD (health equity, internal medicine), University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois

• Nathan Seth Trueger, MD, MPH (emergency medicine), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois

• Alexander T. Janke, MD, MHS, MSc, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan

• Heba Mesbah, MD, PhD, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas

• Mary Regina Royan, MD, MPH, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan

• Jeremy Louissaint, MD, Alejandro Plana, MD, Jennifer Richmond, PhD, MSPH, Tolulope Rosanwo, MD, Ashley L. Spann, MD, MSACI, Dovie Watson, MD, MSCE, AAHIVS

• Richard Amdur, PhD, Jemar Bather, PhD, Veronica Berrocal, PhD, Adam Biener, PhD, Maria Brooks, PhD, Ashley Buchanan, DrPH, MS, Jeanine Marie Buchanich, MEd, MPH, PhD, Quy Cao, PhD, Pedro Puig Casado, PhD, Andrew G. Chapple, PhD, Ninad Chaudhary, MBBS, Andrew Chen, PhD, Andrew Copas, PhD, David J. Couper, PhD, Rishi J Desai, PhD, Daniela Dunkler, PhD, Dorothy D. Dunlop, PhD, Sue Duval, PhD, Eleni Elia, PhD, Ani Eloyan, PhD, Zhide Fang, PhD, Heidi Fischer, PhD, John Giardina, PhD, Emanuele Giorgi, PhD, Ben Goldstein, PhD, Melody Goodman, PhD, MS, Rolf H.H. Groenwold, MD, PhD, Alden Gross, PhD, Bradley G. Hammill, DrPH, Karla Hemming, PhD, Graeme Hickey, PhD, David C. Hoaglin, PhD, Jason Michael Hockenberry, PhD, Janet T. Holbrook, PhD, MPH, Maria-Graciela Hollm-Delgado, MSC, PhD, Michal Horný, PhD, MSc, Jesse Y Hsu, PhD, Liangyuan Hu, PhD, Zonghui Hu, PhD, Jeffrey L. Jackson, MD, Shu Jiang, PhD, Alex Keil, MSPH, PhD, Kelley M. Kidwell, PhD, Joseph S. Koopmeiners, PhD, Julie C. Lauffenburger, PharmD, PhD, Catherine Lee, PhD, Elizabeth Lee, PhD, Youjin Lee, PhD, Ashley Leech, PhD, MS, Fan Li, PhD, Lifeng Lin, PhD, Kristin A Linn, PhD, Alison Su-Hsun Liu, MD, MPH, PhD, Tao Liu, PhD, Xiaoqin Liu, PhD, Matthew Shane Loop, PhD, Charles Maynard, PhD, Donna McClish, PhD, Glen McGee, PhD, Jessina C. McGregor, PhD, David Merola, PharmD, PhD, Aya A. Mitani, PhD, MPH, Didier Morel, PhD, Paul Nietert, PhD, Jing Ning, PhD, Amy M. O’Shea, PhD, John H Page, MD, ScD, An Pan, PhD, Ankur Pandya, PhD, Sarah Peskoe, PhD, Lucia C. Petito, PhD, Rema Ramakrishnan, PhD, John D Rice, PhD, Olli Saarela, PhD, Lauren R. Samuels, PhD, Eleanor Sanderson, BSc, MSc, PhD, Andrea L. Schaffer, MSc, MBiostat, PhD, Eric C. Seaberg, PhD, MPH, Michelle Shardell, PhD, Megan Shepherd-Banigan, PhD, Yei Eun Shin, PhD, Ayumi Shintani, MPH, PhD, Abigail B. Shoben, PhD, Valerie Smith, MS, Li Su, PhD, Steven Sun, PhD, Brett D. Thombs, PhD, Lu Tian, ScD, Sarah Urbut, Simon Vandekar, MD, PhD, Benjamin F. Voight, PhD, Victor Volovici MD, PhD, Jian Wang, PhD, Xiaofeng Wang, PhD, Sarah M Weinstein, PhD, Colin P. West, MD, PhD, Gretchen E White, PhD, Neil Woodward, PhD, Christopher J. Wretman, PhD, Davene R. Wright, PhD, Xiaonan Xue, PhD, Wei Yang, PhD, Yongfu Yu, PhD, Renata Zelic, MD, PhD, Yuting Zhang, PhD, Chuan Zhou, PhD, Jinyi Zhu, PhD, M. Bridget Zimmerman, PhD, Rachel Zmora, PhD

• Eric Achtyes, MD, MS, Margaret Adam, MD, Harold P. Adams, MD, David A. Adler, MD, Ilir Agalliu, MD, ScD, Thierry Alcindor, MD, MSc, Shabbir MH Alibhai, MD, MSc, Joseph Clemente Alvarnas, MD, Craig S. Anderson, MD, PhD, Nils D. Arvold, MD, Justin C. Baker, PhD, Rahul Banerjee, MD, Ran Barzilay, MD, PhD, Christopher L. Bennett, MD, MA, Kyle Bernstein, PhD, Mira Boyanova, MD, Jeffrey A. Bridge, PhD, Joshua EJ Buckman, DClinPsy, Kenneth Carson, MD, PhD, Chang Chen, MD, Hanbo Chen, MD, MPH, Haiquan Chen, MD, PhD, Feixiong Cheng, PhD, Alhaji Cherif, DPhil, Carlo Contreras, MD, Matthew R. Cooperberg, MD, MPH, Samuel Dagogo-Jack, MD, DSc, MBA, Lisa M. DeAngelis, MD, Cecile M. Denis, PhD, Andrew Shaun Deonarine, MD, MSc, MHSc, PhD, Jordan E. DeVylder, PhD, Chloe Dimeglio, PhD, Meletios A. Dimopoulos, MD, Ann Marie Egloff, PhD, MPH, A. Rani Elwy, PhD, Arthur M. Feldman, MD, PhD, Hermes Florez, MD, PhD, MPH, Julian Ford, PhD, Zachary AK Frosch, MD, MSHP, Guodong Fu, PhD, MD, MPH, Vasily Giannakeas, MPH, Axel Grothey, MD, Borja Herrero de la Parte, MSc, PhD, Daphne J. Holt, MD, PhD, David Ilson, MD, PhD, Michael G. Ison, MD, MS, Amar U. Kishan, MD, Michael Klompas, MD, Hemant Kulkarni, MBBS, MD, Shih-Cheng Liao, MD, PhD, Wei Liu, PhD, You Lu, MD, Olivia Rose Mancing, LMSW, MPH, Ting Martin Ma, MD, PhD, Elie Massaad, MD, MMSc, Juliana Mayumi Ushirohira, MD, MSc, Emily G. McDonald, MD, MSc, Cristian Meghea, PhD, Lewis S. Nelson, MD, Raquel Nogueira Avelar e Silva, PhD, Timothée Olivier, MD, Lennart Reifels, PhD, Christel Renoux, MD, PhD, Merlin Lee Robb, MD, Mya Lee Roberson, PhD, Gregory Sampang Calip, PharmD, MPH, PhD, Andrew J. Saxon, MD, Kartik Sehgal, MD, Joseph Simonetti, MD, MPH, Eyuel Terefe, MD, Alain R. Thierry, PhD, Dong Tian, MD, PhD, Farhaan S. Vahidy, PhD, MBBS, MPH, Luca F. Valle, MD, Daniel Vargas Pivato de Almeida, MD, Liang Wang, MD, Wei Wang, MD, Gretchen E. White, PhD, Michael Xiang, MD, PhD, Kate Zinszer, PhD, Arsene Zongo, PhD

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• L. Ebony Boulware, MD, MPH, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina

• Samuel Dagogo-Jack, MD, DSc, MBA, University of Tennessee, Memphis, Tennessee

• Mengfeng Li, MD, PhD, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China

• Ellen J. MacKenzie, PhD, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland

• Meredith B. Rosenthal, PhD, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts

• Donna L. Washington, MD, MPH, University of California, Los Angeles, David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California

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ÌÇÐÄvlog is a consortium of peer-reviewed medical publications that includes JAMA® and the ÌÇÐÄvlog journals. ÌÇÐÄvlog Open does not hold itself responsible for statements made by any contributor. All articles published, including opinion articles, represent the views of the authors and do not reflect the policy of the Journal, the ÌÇÐÄvlog, or the institution with which the author is affiliated, unless otherwise indicated.

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