September 1, 2018 Issue of JAMA Cardiology

September 2018, Vol 3, No. 9, Pages 787-898

In This Issue of JAMA Cardiology

Highlights

Abstract Full Text

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JAMA Cardiol. 2018;3(9):787. doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2017.3381

Original Investigation

Effect of Infusion of High-Density Lipoprotein Mimetic Containing Recombinant Apolipoprotein A-I Milano on Coronary Disease in Patients With an Acute Coronary Syndrome in the MILANO-PILOT Trial: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Stephen J. Nicholls, MBBS, PhD; Rishi Puri, MBBS, PhD; Christie M. Ballantyne, MD; et al.

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JAMA Cardiol. 2018;3(9):806-814. doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2018.2112

This randomized clinical trial explores the effect of infusions of the high-density lipoprotein mimetic MDCO-216 on reducing the burden of coronary atherosclerosis in statin-treated patients with acute coronary syndrome in Canada and Europe.

Editorial
Apolipoprotein A-I Infusion Therapies for Coronary Disease: Two Outs in the Ninth Inning and Swinging for the Fences
Daniel J. Rader, MD

JAMA Cardiol

Effect of Serial Infusions of CER-001, a Pre-尾 High-Density Lipoprotein Mimetic, on Coronary Atherosclerosis in Patients Following Acute Coronary Syndromes in the CER-001 Atherosclerosis Regression Acute Coronary Syndrome Trial: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Stephen J. Nicholls, MBBS, PhD; Jordan Andrews, BS; John J. P. Kastelein, MD, PhD; et al.

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JAMA Cardiol. 2018;3(9):815-822. doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2018.2121

This randomized clinical trial determines the effect of an intravenous infusion of CER-001 on coronary atherosclerosis progression in statin-treated patients.

Editorial
Apolipoprotein A-I Infusion Therapies for Coronary Disease: Two Outs in the Ninth Inning and Swinging for the Fences
Daniel J. Rader, MD

JAMA Cardiol

Efficacy and Safety of Further Lowering of Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol in Patients Starting With Very Low Levels: A Meta-analysis

Marc S. Sabatine, MD, MPH; Stephen D. Wiviott, MD; KyungAh Im, PhD; et al.

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JAMA Cardiol. 2018;3(9):823-828. doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2018.2258

This meta-analysis evaluates efficacy and safety of further lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in patient populations presenting with median low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels of 70 mg/dL or less.

Podcast: Efficacy and Safety of Further Lowering of LDL Cholesterol in Patients Starting With Very Low Levels

Editorial
Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Cardiovascular Risk Reduction: How Low Is Low Enough Without Causing Harm?
Antonio M. Gotto Jr, MD, DPhil

JAMA Cardiol
- Podcast: Efficacy and Safety of Further Lowering of LDL Cholesterol in Patients Starting With Very Low Levels

Live-Born Major Congenital Heart Disease in Denmark: Incidence, Detection Rate, and Termination of Pregnancy Rate From 1996 to 2013

Rebekka Lytzen, MD; Niels Vejlstrup, MD, PhD; Jesper Bjerre, MD; et al.

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JAMA Cardiol. 2018;3(9):829-837. doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2018.2009

This population-based study evaluates time trends in incidence, detection rate, and termination of pregnancy rate of major congenital heart disease in fetuses in Denmark and assess the influence of the introduction of general prenatal screening in 2004.

Invited Commentary
Ethical Implications of Prenatal Screening for Congenital Heart Disease
Alexander A. Kon, MD

JAMA Cardiol

Association of Left Ventricular Global Longitudinal Strain With Asymptomatic Severe Aortic Stenosis: Natural Course and Prognostic Value

E. Mara Vollema, MD; Tadafumi Sugimoto, MD; Mylène Shen, MSc; et al.

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JAMA Cardiol. 2018;3(9):839-847. doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2018.2288

This registry-based study investigates the prevalence of impaired left venticular global longitudinal strain, its natural course, and its prognostic implications in Swedish patients with asymptomatic severe aortic stenosis with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction.

Podcast: Association of Left Ventricular Global Longitudinal Strain With Asymptomatic Severe Aortic Stenosis

Invited Commentary
Moving Past Ejection Fraction in Timing of Aortic Stenosis Intervention
James D. Thomas, MD

JAMA Cardiol
- Podcast: Association of Left Ventricular Global Longitudinal Strain With Asymptomatic Severe Aortic Stenosis

Association of Interleukin 6 Receptor Variant With Cardiovascular Disease Effects of Interleukin 6 Receptor Blocking Therapy: A Phenome-Wide Association Study

Tianxi Cai, ScD; Yichi Zhang, PhD; Yuk-Lam Ho, MPH; et al.

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JAMA Cardiol. 2018;3(9):849-857. doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2018.2287

This phenome-wide association study assesses clinical associations between interleukin 6 receptor (IL6R) single-nucleotide polyporphisms and known IL6R drug effects and whether large biobanks and genetics can be used to assess potential beneficial and adverse effects of therapeutic agents with known pathways and related genes.

Brief Report

Pericoronary Adipose Tissue Computed Tomography Attenuation and High-Risk Plaque Characteristics in Acute Coronary Syndrome Compared With Stable Coronary Artery Disease

Markus Goeller, MD; Stephan Achenbach, MD; Sebastien Cadet, MS; et al.

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JAMA Cardiol. 2018;3(9):858-863. doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2018.1997

This case-control study explores the association of pericoronary adipose tissue computed tomography attenuation with culprit lesions compared with nonculprit lesions in patients with acute coronary syndrome and significantly stenosed lesions in stable controls with coronary artery disease.

Invited Commentary
Computed Tomographic Coronary Angiography Identification of Plaque Inflammation: An Imaging Target Within Reach?
Rory Hachamovitch, MD, MSc; Venu Menon, MD

JAMA Cardiol

Geographic Disparities in Reported US Amyloidosis Mortality From 1979 to 2015: Potential Underdetection of Cardiac Amyloidosis

Kevin M. Alexander, MD; John Orav, PhD; Avinainder Singh, MD; et al.

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JAMA Cardiol. 2018;3(9):865-870. doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2018.2093

This cohort study evaluates the temporal and regional trends in age-adjusted amyloidosis-related mortality among men and women of various races in the United States.

Associations of Circulating Extracellular RNAs With Myocardial Remodeling and Heart Failure

Ravi V. Shah, MD; Jian Rong, PhD; Martin G. Larson, ScD; et al.

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JAMA Cardiol. 2018;3(9):871-876. doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2018.2371

This community-based cohort study measures the association of highly expressed circulating extracellular RNA molecules with incident heart failure and left ventricular remodeling.

Association of Oral Contraceptives With Drug-Induced QT Interval Prolongation in Healthy Nonmenopausal Women

Joe-Elie Salem, MD, PhD; Pauline Dureau, MD; Anne Bachelot, MD, PhD; et al.

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JAMA Cardiol. 2018;3(9):877-882. doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2018.2251

This cohort study assesses the extent of sotalol-induced QT prolongation and specific T-wave changes after sotalol exposure in healthy nonmenopausal women according to the androgenic activity of the oral contraceptives they take.

Viewpoint

Defining the New Normal in Cardiovascular Risk Factors

Philip Greenland, MD; Donald M. Lloyd-Jones, MD, ScM

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JAMA Cardiol. 2018;3(9):789-790. doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2018.1576

This Viewpoint offers a perspective on the use of the terms risk factor and normal in the context of cardiovascular health and disease.

The Limits and Hazards of Clinical Equipoise on Cardiology Study Design and Conduct

Franklin G. Miller, PhD; Neal W. Dickert, MD, PhD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA Cardiol. 2018;3(9):791-792. doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2018.1691

This Viewpoint argues that clinical equipoise in studies of cardiology medications and procedures has drawbacks that militate against strict adherence.

Finding Means to Fulfill the Societal and Academic Imperative for Open Data Access and Sharing

Eric D. Peterson, MD, MPH; Frank W. Rockhold, PhD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA Cardiol. 2018;3(9):793-794. doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2018.0129

This Viewpoint describes ethical and practical challenges associated with scientific research data sharing and means to address them.

Editorial
Data Sharing鈥擳he Time Has (Not Yet?) Come
Clyde W. Yancy, MD, MSc; Robert A. Harrington, MD; Robert O. Bonow, MD, MS

JAMA Cardiol

Moving From Hope to Hard Work in Data Sharing

C. Michael Gibson, MS, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA Cardiol. 2018;3(9):795-796. doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2018.0130

This Viewpoint discusses the benefits and drawbacks of public sharing of clinical trial data and prospective solutions for ethical concerns.

Editorial
Data Sharing鈥擳he Time Has (Not Yet?) Come
Clyde W. Yancy, MD, MSc; Robert A. Harrington, MD; Robert O. Bonow, MD, MS

JAMA Cardiol

From the Heart

Living on a Wire

Scott Weinreb, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA Cardiol. 2018;3(9):804-805. doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2018.1332

This From the Heart describes a resident balancing his health issues with a pacemaker and clinical responsibilities.

Editorial

Data Sharing鈥擳he Time Has (Not Yet?) Come

Clyde W. Yancy, MD, MSc; Robert A. Harrington, MD; Robert O. Bonow, MD, MS

Abstract Full Text

JAMA Cardiol. 2018;3(9):797-798. doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2018.1939

Apolipoprotein A-I Infusion Therapies for Coronary Disease: Two Outs in the Ninth Inning and Swinging for the Fences

Daniel J. Rader, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA Cardiol. 2018;3(9):799-801. doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2018.2168

Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Cardiovascular Risk Reduction: How Low Is Low Enough Without Causing Harm?

Antonio M. Gotto Jr, MD, DPhil

Abstract Full Text

has audio

JAMA Cardiol. 2018;3(9):802-803. doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2018.2273

Podcast: Efficacy and Safety of Further Lowering of LDL Cholesterol in Patients Starting With Very Low Levels

Invited Commentary

Ethical Implications of Prenatal Screening for Congenital Heart Disease

Alexander A. Kon, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA Cardiol. 2018;3(9):837-838. doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2018.1944

Moving Past Ejection Fraction in Timing of Aortic Stenosis Intervention

James D. Thomas, MD

Abstract Full Text

has audio

JAMA Cardiol. 2018;3(9):847-848. doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2018.2451

Podcast: Association of Left Ventricular Global Longitudinal Strain With Asymptomatic Severe Aortic Stenosis

Computed Tomographic Coronary Angiography Identification of Plaque Inflammation: An Imaging Target Within Reach?

Rory Hachamovitch, MD, MSc; Venu Menon, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA Cardiol. 2018;3(9):863-864. doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2018.2015

Review

Obesity-Associated Heart Failure as a Theoretical Target for Treatment With Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists

Milton Packer, MD

Abstract Full Text

JAMA Cardiol. 2018;3(9):883-887. doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2018.2090

This narrative review highlights the association between abdominal obesity and circulating levels of aldosterone and advocates this association as a method of encouraging use of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists in treating chronic heart failure.

JAMA Cardiology Clinical Challenge

Acute Coronary Syndrome in a 44-Year-Old Woman

Francisco Aguilar, MD; Deepika Kalisetti, MD; Sanjog Kalra, MD, MSc

Abstract Full Text

JAMA Cardiol. 2018;3(9):888-889. doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2018.0516

A 44-year-old African American woman without traditional atherosclerotic risk factors or known coronary artery disease presented to the emergency department with chest pain. Urgent coronary angiography revealed thrombolysis in myocardial infarction flow grade 2 in the left anterior descending artery and second diagonal branch. What would you do next?

Comment & Response