Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death¹ and an estimated 12 000 lung cancer deaths could potentially be averted each year in the United States through early detection with low-dose computed tomography (CT).² The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) is currently considering national coverage of lung cancer screening with low-dose CT for individuals at high risk of developing lung cancer based on their age and smoking history.³ The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recently updated its recommendation about screening for lung cancer to recommend annual screening with low-dose CT for adults aged 55 through 80 years who have a 30 pack-year smoking history and who currently smoke or have quit within the past 15 years (B recommendation, update published December 31, 2013).⁴ In making its recommendation, the USPSTF weighed many factors, including the estimated 16% mortality reduction associated with screening and surgical resection⁵ and the high false-positive rate associated with screening.⁴