Maximize your refund: Tips for debt, savings and investments
Congratulations for getting your taxes done and filed.
If youâre in line for a refund â or already have received one â youâre in good company. A majority of U.S. filers typically do get money back. And this year is no exception.
Based on the latest data from the IRS, as of April 4, the agency had already paid out $211 billion in refunds to nearly 68% of the households that had filed returns to the agency. The average payout was $3,116.
Whatever amount youâre getting, itâs worth taking a beat to consider how best to use it to improve your current financial situation. And by âbest,â think getting the most bang for your buck and increasing your psychological sense of security in what are objectively very uncertain times thanks to the confusing on-again, off-again U.S. tariffs regime, among other things.
Get a 20% risk-free return
Itâs hard to overstate just how many financial experts consistently hammer home the point that whenever possible you should pay off your expensive credit card debt.
The average rate on a consumer credit card is 20.09%, according to Bankrate.com. So if you reduce or eliminate your debt at that kind of level, âitâs a 20% risk-free return,â said Greg McBride, Bankrateâs chief financial analyst.
If youâre carrying balances on different cards at different rates, mathematically it makes sense to pay off your highest rate debt first, McBride said.
But Dan Bennett, a certified financial planner with Lake Water Advisory, also noted that âthereâs a spreadsheet answer and an emotional answer.â By that he means it might make you feel good to use your refund to wipe away a smaller balance on a card so you can rack up a psychological win in paying off all that you owe. Thatâs okay, he said, but only if the rate on the debt you want to eliminate is no more than five or six percentage points below that of your largest balance. If the differential is much larger, it makes more sense to apply it to your highest rate debt.
If your refund reduces but does not eliminate your credit card debt, see if you qualify for a zero-interest balance transfer card, which can buy you up to 21 months interest free to pay off your remaining debt, said Jody DâAgostini, a certified financial planner with Falcon Financial Group in alliance with Equitable Advisors.
Cushion yourself against emergencies
Figure out how much cash you have for emergencies, including job loss. Ideally youâll want three to six monthsâ worth of living expenses set aside; or up to a yearâs worth if youâre self-employed or are your familyâs sole breadwinner.
Or, DâAgostini suggested, you might consider having nine to 12 monthsâ worth of expenses if your job is reliant on federal government contracts, which may be cut back; or you otherwise work in an industry that isnât offering great job security. âEmployers are taking longer to hire these days. And you donât want to (just) get a job. You want to get the job that you want. And you donât want to feel crunched to make a decision if your money is running out,â she said.
While recommended emergency-fund cash levels are hard to attain for many people, âThey are a destination, not a starting point,â McBride said. âA refund can propel you down that pathway.â
And the good news is your emergency cash can earn a solid, inflation-beating return if you park it in an online high-yield savings account at an FDIC-insured bank, in a money market mutual fund, in a certificate of deposit or in a short-term Treasury bill, all of which are currently yielding roughly between 3.8% and 4.5%.
âYouâre still rewarded for cash right now,â DâAgostini said.
Split your refund to hit more than one goal
Chances are you may have competing financial goals. âItâs not necessarily either-or. If your windfall is big enough, you can make progress on multiple fronts. That average of $3,100 might let you pay down the last of your credit card debt, put some money in your emergency savings and then use the final chunk to take care of deferred maintenance on your home or automobile, so it doesnât cost you more later,â McBride said.
Or, if youâre not feeling like youâve got adequate job security, you might put your refund toward an emergency savings account, while using the earnings from that account to pay down some of your credit card balance on a zero-rate balance transfer card, DâAgostini suggested.
Take advantage of lower stock prices
Another way to split your refund is to divide it between short- and long-term savings, assuming youâre not carrying credit card debt. Or, if you already have enough in emergency reserves, you can simply put the money towards your retirement savings.
For instance, Bennett suggested taking advantage of the fact that the market rout in the past few weeks pushed stock prices lower. If you qualify to contribute to a Roth IRA â where your after-tax money can grow and be withdrawn tax-free â âit may be a great opportunity to max out now,â Bennett said. Especially if you have a really long time horizon.
Spend your refund smartly
If youâre fairly well set â no credit card debt and adequate emergency and retirement savings â you might consider buying something you want or need.
While higher prices from President Donald Trumpâs tariffs regime havenât filtered down to the consumer yet, they will, possibly as early as this summer â unless there are major changes to his trade policy. Thereâs no predicting anything.
But if your old car or washing machine is on its last legs anyway and you were planning to get a new one later this year or early next, you might consider using your refund towards making the purchase a little sooner before the cost rises and inventories run out, DâAgostini said.
Or, if you have the cash flow and youâre worried about potential layoffs, you might consider using your refund to help pre-pay essential expenses â e.g., home and auto insurance expenses for the rest of the year â if that would make you feel more secure, Bennett said.