Iowa tornadoes: Explaining the Enhanced Fujita Scale
Iowa tornadoes: Explaining the Enhanced Fujita Scale
OF STORMS SET TO PASS THROUGH OVERNIGHT. BUT FIRST, JASON, WE’RE HEARING ABOUT TORNADO RATINGS BASED ON THE EF SCALE. SO WHAT EXACTLY IS THAT SCALE AND HOW ARE THESE RATINGS DETERMINED. SO THIS IS CALLED THE ENHANCED FUJITA SCALE. AND WHAT THIS IS BASED OFF OF REALLY IS DAMAGE IN WIND SPEED. SO THE WEATHER SERVICE WILL GO INTO AN AREA THAT’S BEEN DAMAGED AND THEY’VE GOT A SET OF IDENTIFIERS, WHETHER IT’S A HOUSE, A HOUSE CONSTRUCTED IN A PARTICULAR WAY, WHETHER IT’S A BRICK HOUSE, THEY’LL LOOK AT TREES TO SEE IF WHAT THE DEGREE OF DAMAGE HAS BEEN TO THOSE TREES. AND THAT LEVEL GOES ONE THROUGH EIGHT, WITH EIGHT BEING THE MAX. SO ALL OF THOSE INDICATORS THEY GOT 28 OF THEM THAT THEY GO INTO THESE AREAS WITH AND SEE WHAT THOSE WHAT THE DAMAGE LEVEL IS ON THOSE. SO AN EF ZERO AGAIN JUST MINOR DAMAGE. YOU MAY HAVE SOME TREES THAT ARE DOWNED, LIMBS THAT ARE DOWN, THAT KIND OF THING. AND AN EF ONE YOU’RE TALKING MAYBE SOME ROOF DAMAGE. SHINGLES HAVE FLOWN OFF THAT KIND OF THING. STILL A LITTLE BIT ON THE MINOR SIDE, BUT ONCE YOU START TO GET UPWARDS TOWARDS AN EF TWO, NOW WE’RE TALKING ABOUT SOME MORE OF THAT SIGNIFICANT DAMAGE. YOU CAN HAVE HOMES THAT ARE NOT NOT NECESSARILY DEMOLISHED, BUT YOU’RE NOT GOING TO WANT TO LIVE IN THAT HOME ANYMORE. MAYBE SHIFT IT A LITTLE BIT OFF ITS FOUNDATION ON WE MAY HAVE PART OF THE ROOF MISSING, THAT KIND OF THING, AND AN EF THREE BUILDINGS LOST ALTOGETHER. YOU MAY SEE JUST FRAGMENTS OF HOMES THAT ARE LEFT AT THAT LEVEL OF THE TORNADO SCALE, AND YOU CAN EVEN HAVE TRAINS THAT ARE TOSSED ON YOUR EF FOUR SCALE THERE. AND YOUR EF FIVE IS CATASTROPHIC. YOU GO INTO TOWNS THAT HAVE BEEN THROUGH AN EF FIVE TORNADO, AND HOUSES ARE REDUCED TO FOUNDATIONS. YOU HAVE GOT TREES THAT ARE TOTALLY STRIPPED OF THEIR BARK, BROKEN DOWN TO THE STUMPS. UM, YEAH. IT’S IT’S A SITUATION NOBODY, NOBODY WANTS TO GO THROUGH. AND THERE IS ONE, UH, ONE TYPE OF TORNADO THAT WE DON’T HAVE LISTED HERE. IT’S CALLED EF TWO. THAT MEANS IT’S UNDETERMINED, UNDEFINED BECAUSE IT DIDN’T HIT ANYTHING. AND REMEMBER, THESE ARE ALL BASED OFF OF DAMAGE INDICATORS. SO A LOT OF TIMES YOU’LL GET RADARS ON WHEELS. THAT’S A COMMON RESEARCH TECHNIQUE WHERE YOU TAKE A RADAR ON A TRUCK AND YOU DRIVE IT OUT THERE. THEY CAN MEASURE WIND SPEEDS, SOMETIMES UPWARDS OF 250 TO 300MPH. BUT WE HAVE TO KEEP THINGS COMPARING APPLES TO AP
Advertisement
Iowa tornadoes: Explaining the Enhanced Fujita Scale
The National Weather Service uses the Enhanced Fujita Scale, or EF-Scale, to assign tornado ratings based on estimated wind speeds and related damage.The Enhanced Fujita Scale, which replaced the earlier Fujita Scale in February 2007, categorizes tornadoes by degree of damage indicators and associates that damage with estimated wind speeds for three-second gusts.Enhanced Fujita Scale levelsEF0 (weak): 65-85 mph wind gustsEF1 (weak): 86-110 mph wind gustsEF2 (strong): 111-135 mph wind gustsEF3 (strong): 136-165 mph wind gustsEF4 (violent): 166-200 mph wind gustsEF5 (violent): Over 200 mph wind gustsNote, the Enhanced F-scale is a set of wind estimates — not measurements — based on damage surveyed. This is from NOAA's National Weather Service, Storm Prediction Center. Visit their EF-Scale website online at www.spc.noaa.gov/efscale for more information.Get the latest forecast from vlog
DES MOINES, Iowa —
The National Weather Service uses the Enhanced Fujita Scale, or EF-Scale, to assign tornado ratings based on estimated wind speeds and related damage.
The Enhanced Fujita Scale, which replaced the earlier Fujita Scale in February 2007, categorizes tornadoes by degree of damage indicators and associates that damage with estimated wind speeds for three-second gusts.
Advertisement
Enhanced Fujita Scale levels
- EF0 (weak): 65-85 mph wind gusts
- EF1 (weak): 86-110 mph wind gusts
- EF2 (strong): 111-135 mph wind gusts
- EF3 (strong): 136-165 mph wind gusts
- EF4 (violent): 166-200 mph wind gusts
- EF5 (violent): Over 200 mph wind gusts
Note, the Enhanced F-scale is a set of wind estimates — not measurements — based on damage surveyed.
This is from NOAA's National Weather Service, Storm Prediction Center. Visit their EF-Scale website online at www.spc.noaa.gov/efscale for more information.