High levels of cancer-causing radon affect 3 of 4 Iowa homes; Lawmakers look at several bills to make state safer
JB Shearer doesnât wear a cape, but he does hero-level work: reducing the risk of radon in Iowa homes.
âHello, anyone home? JB the Radon Man here.â
The state may need many heroes like him.
Iowa ranks first in the percentage of homes that have radon levels at or above the Environmental Protection Agencyâs accepted level.
Radon is a colorless, odorless gas. There is a lot of it in the state, too.
It matters because it is a known cause of lung cancer. Nearly 1,500 Iowans will die from the disease this year. Itâs the deadliest form of cancer in Iowa. More than 25 percent of those deaths are tied to radon.
About 1 in 15 homes nationally have high levels of radon. Around 3 out of 4 in Iowa, or 70 percent, have high levels.
âAll of them have the same percentage chance of failure,â Shearer said. âEvery house is fixable.â
There are tests called continuous radon monitors, usually for real estate transactions, and also DIY charcoal kits.
The EPA says if levels are above 4 picocuries, it needs mitigating. If itâs between 2 and 4 picocuries, a homeowner should really consider fixing it, Shearer said.
The World Health Organization has stricter standards, saying anything above 2.7 picocuries is too high.
Shearer aims to have the reading be the same as outdoors â at 0.4. With that reading, âyouâre safe being in the basement as you are outside. So thatâs exactly what youâre shooting for,â he said.
After testing, the next step would be to have an active mitigation system installed, if needed. A fan would pull the gas through PVC piping in the ground in the basement and then outside of the home.
âIt just mitigates it safely outside so no radon is coming in the house,â Shearer said.
The average cost is $1,400 to $1,500.
âWe always say itâs a lot cheaper than lung cancer,â he said.
Around five years ago, Adel resident Maria Steeleâs life changed when she found out she had stage 4 lung cancer. âIt just kind of rocked my world and was totally out of left field,â she said.
She didnât smoke and didnât have other risk factors.
She tested her home for radon. The result: double what it should be. She tested again and it was still high.
In a week, she had a mitigation system in place. She tests every two years as recommended.
âRadon has affected my life in so many ways,â the mom and grandmother said.
Iowa naturally has lots of radon, said Dr. Betsy Swanner, an Iowa State professor in the Department of Earth, Atmosphere, and Climate.
"The soils that we live on are derived from material that was brought here by glaciers from other parts of North America, or they were created by rocks that were deposited out of an ocean that was here in the deep past,â she explained.
These materials contain uranium, which can decompose into radon. Radon can escape through the fractures and cracks in Iowaâs soil and then seep into our homes and bodies.
âWhatâs really dangerous is that we inhale that radon,â Swanner said. âAnd while itâs in our lungs, it decomposes into something else thatâs a solid. Then that solid is stuck in our lungs and could undergo further radioactive decay and release harmful energy and particles in our bodies.â
Steeleâs doctor told her that radon could be a major cause of her cancer.
âHe said, âMaria, no one can say for 100 percent. However, you have no other risk factors,ââ she said.
She believes itâs long overdue for lawmakers to address radon more.
âIt shouldâve been done yesterday, shouldâve been done years ago. Weâve had the technology,â she said.
Steele advocates for radon mitigation and has been at the Statehouse talking to lawmakers.
This session there are several bills addressing radon. Ottumwa Rep. Hans Wilz is trying to be a voice for change.
âWeâre talking about homes being built. ⊠Weâre talking about people who have existing homes and getting a tax credit for putting a mitigation system in,â Wilz said.
On Wednesday, legislation that would provide homeowners up to a $1,000 tax credit to install a mitigation system unanimously advanced to the Iowa House for a vote. Lawmakers are still considering two other bills that would require new builds to install systems and provide thousands of dollars for free testing kits.
âAlmost every study tells you that every dollar spent on radon mitigation is going to save you $20 to $20, maybe even $40 off avoided health care later on in life,â Wilz said.
Radon legislation failed to get to the governorâs desk in 2024. Wilz kept working on it.
âIâm optimistic,â he said. âWeâre approaching it a lot differently. I think this is a real attempt to get as many things from radon down the road, and the messaging is right. Itâs true. It affects all Iowans.â
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